大学生就业平台的设计与实现-学位论文.doc

大连交通大学信息工程学院2012届本科生毕业设计（论文）外文翻译

大连交通大学信息工程学院
毕业设计(论文)任务书

题 目 大学生就业平台的设计与实现

任务及要求：
1.设计（研究）内容和要求　
任务：
1、 调查大学生就业平台的设计与实现方面当前技术的发展近况，完成实习报告，字数不少于3000，第三周交给指导老师。
2、 结合自己实习情况安排进度，填写进度计划表，第二周完成后交给指导老师签字，并严格执行。
3、 按照软件工程思想，独立完成系统的设计和程序开发，完成代码估计2000行左右。
4、 用JSP/Servlet技术实现大学生就业平台的设计与实现功能。
5、 程序简洁，算法可行，运行情况良好。
要求：
1、 每周和指导老师至少见面沟通一次，回报课题进展情况，接受老师询问。
2、 接到任务书后，查阅与题目及专业相关的外文资料进行翻译，要求不少于10000个外文字符，译出汉字不得少于3000，于第四周交给指导老师审阅。
3、 毕业设计第13周完成毕业论文的装订，并由指导老师评阅。论文要求12000字以上，包括综述、系统总体设计、系统实现、性能分析、结论等。
4、 教学第13周通过中软及教研室组织进行软件验收，验收时要提供软件使用说明书。
5、 于第13周提出毕业答辩申请并签字。
6、 第14 周答辩，要求制作PPT

2.原始依据
通过大学几年的学习，已经学习了诸如软件工程、数据库原理及应用、数据结构、C++、JSP、JAVA等多门程序设计语言和网络等基础知识和专业知识，学生有能力而且可以独立完成小中型项目的设计与开发。学校现有设备和环境可以提供给学生实习和上机，而且具有专业老师可以指导学生。

3.参考文献
[1] 霍尔.布朗.蔡金著.胡书敏等译.Servlet与JSP核心编程（第2卷 第2版）出版社.清华大学出版社
[2] 孙鑫 编著.Java Web开发详解：XML+XSLT+Servlet+JSP深入剖析与实例应用.出版社.电子工业出版社
[3] 刘京华等编著.Java Web整合开发王者（JSP+Servlet+Struts+Hibernate+Spring）出版社.清华大学出版社
[4] 李绪成.闫海珍.主编Java Web开发教程——入门与提高篇（JSP+Servlet）出 版 社.清华大学出版社
[5] 李宁编著.Java Web开发技术JSP+Servlet+Struts+Hibernate+Spring+Ajax+JSF出版社.清华大学出版社
[6] 孙鑫著Servlet/JSP深入详解——基于Tomcat的Web开发出版社.电子工业出版社
[7] Balsam.Head First Servlets&JSP[M] .北京.中国电力出版社.2006
[8] 耿祥义.张跃平编著.JSP实用教程（第2版）出版社.清华大学出版社
[9] 王先国主编.JSP动态网页编程技术出版社.电子工业出版社
[10] 苗连强主编.JSP程序设计基础教程出版社.人民邮电出版社

指导教师签字：
教研室主任签字：
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　年　　月　　日

大连交通大学信息工程学院
毕业设计(论文)进度计划与考核表
学生姓名
何品杨
专业班级
计算机科学与技术08-2班
指导教师
魏 琦
王 影
本课题其他人员
无
题　目
大学生就业平台的设计与实现
日　期
计划完成内容
完成情况
指导老师检查签字
第1周
实习调研，查阅课题相关外文资料

第2周
了解行业状况、查阅文献资料，阅读资料，撰写调研报告

第3周
完成10000字符或3000汉字以上的外文翻译资料，准备资料，学习JSP技术

第4周
进行需求分析

第5周
进行概要设计

第6周
进行概要设计, 基本框架完成，提交毕业论文提纲

第7周
完成后台数据库的设计并编码，完成部分论文

第8周
完成前台界面的设计并编码，完成部分论文

第9周
继续编码并进行测试，继续编写毕业设计论文

第10周
继续进行程序测试，继续编写毕业设计论文

第11周
整理资料、文档、图表等，修改毕业设计论文

第12周
完成毕业设计论文，打印，按要求装订

第13周
软件验收和准备毕业设计答辩

第14周
毕业设计答辩及成绩评定

指导教师签字：：　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　年　　月　　日

注：“计划完成内容”由学生本人认真填写，其它由指导教师考核时填写。

大连交通大学信息工程学院
毕业设计(论文)外文翻译

学生姓名 何品杨 专业班级 计算机08-2班
指导教师 王影 魏琦 职 称 高工 讲师
所在单位 信息科学系计算机教研室
教研室主任 宋丽芳

完成日期 2012 年 4 月 13 日
The strategic role of management information systems

After studying this chapter, you will be able to:
1. Analyze six major information systems in the organizations.
2. Describe the relationship among various types of information systems.
3. Understand the characteristics of a strategic information system.
4. Describe how information systems in business strategy to be used for three layers.
5. Explain the problem of the establishment and maintenance of strategic information systems.
Orchids Paper Company ----- return to the right direction
Orchids Paper Co. Ltd. has been a lower cost paper manufacturer which produces napkin, handkerchief paper, tissues and toilet paper for fifty years. However, in the middle of 1990s, the company lost its developmental way. To take good advantage of the prosperous economic situation in the late twentieth century in the 80's, employers began to squeeze into the ascendant private-label paper market in California (the company headquarters at that time). Unfortunately, Orchids nearly went bankrupt because of the dual pressure from the high cost strategy and the debt from leveraged buyout. At the moment, its raw material and production costs exceeded its profits from customers. Orchids were forced to file for bankruptcy in 1992 and 1995.
Orchids' new management organization lead by the general manager, Mike Safe and chief financial officer Jim Swagerty decided to focus on core markets, where had value-seeking customers. They moved the company from California to Pryor, Oklahoma, where the utility costs were low (paper is a resource-intensive industries) and the company's recycled papers were salable. They used a low-cost strategy so that the firm's production capacity will be maximized when companies emphasize timely delivery and allow customers to clearly understand the implementation of their orders. Orchids target market is the span from Oklahoma to Atlanta.
Before the reorganization，Orchids is well known for poor service and late delivery. The company did not implement the operating and reporting practices and the financial department can not provide timely and accurate information.
Orchids installed a new manufacturing resource planning systems (MRP-Ⅱ) and a financial system. The two software management systems from the Marion Ohio can monitor and coordinate sales, Inventory and financial data. They can also provide the charts based daily operations for the company. Workers and all departments can directly access to the products and order information through a central server linked with the stored data through 25 personal computers. Finance Department staff can also use this system to provide timely and accurate information about the operating capacity, transportation and the product usability. They can also answer the customers’ questions. Therefore, finance department staffs make use of the financial capabilities to do more about controlling and customer service. Because employees can easily access to ensure immediate and accurate information needed to order delivery. Orchids Company can keep operating costs low. This system also makes the management of Orchids in the absence of bloated bodies and the sharp reduction in the total number of case workers to run properly. Orchids started to make profit again and its organizational and technological changes made it win a place in the industry which has traditionally been monopolized by large companies.
Orchids Paper used the information systems to get the lead in the competitive advantage by providing low-cost high service products. However, compared to the simply the technological leap, it is more important to maintain this competitive edge. Managers need to find ways to maintain this competitive advantage for many years. Specifically, managers need to face the following challenges:
1. Comprehensive integration: although in the company different systems are designed to serve different levels and different departments, more and more companies discovery the benefits of integrated systems. Many companies are pursuing enterprise resource planning (ERP). However, the integrated system is difficult and costly for the different organizational levels and functions to exchange of information through the technology. Managers need to determine which level of information system needs to integrate and how much it costs.
2. The ability to maintain the competitive advantage: the competitive advantage brought by the strategic information systems cannot sustain long enough to ensure long-term profitability. Competitors can also install the strategic information systems. Competitive advantage is not always maintained as the market is changing rapidly. Business and economic environment is changing also. Internet can make some of the company's competitive advantage disappear soon. Technology and customer expectations are changing as well. Classic strategic information systems, such as American Airlines SABRE computer reservation systems, ATM systems and City Bank Federal Express package tracking system are benefiting users because they are the first in their respective industries. But the competitors apply the corresponding systems later. Relying on information systems solely can not get lasting business advantage. Information system originally used in decision-making often becomes a survival tool (for each company in order to survive in the industry to take some measures), or information system or even inhibit the future success of organizations to make the necessary decisions.
ORCHIDS Paper Company's experience shows that information systems are very important in support of the organization's goals and making the company in the leading role in competition. In this chapter, we introduce the functions of various information systems in the organization. Then, we present the issues of the company in the competition and the methods that the Information System provides a competitive advantage in three different commercial levels.
2.1 The function of the major Information System in the organization
Because of the different attention to different targets, different characteristics and different levels in the various departments in an organization, there are different kinds of information systems. Single system cannot provide organizations with all the required information. Figure 2-1 is a description of the methods of all kinds of information systems in the organization. In the chart, the organization is divided into strategic layer, management layer, knowledge layer and business layer. And then it is further translated into the various functions into areas such as sales, marketing, production, finance, accounting and human resources. Information System is set up to meet the requirements of different organizations.
2.1.1 Four different information systems
There are four different information systems which are used for different levels of the organization. They are business layer systems, knowledge-tier system, management system and strategic level system.
Business layer supports managers’ work through tracking the basic business activities and things of the organization. Basic operations are such as sales progress, cash store, payroll, customer credibility determination and plant logistics. On this level, the main purpose of the system is to answer normal questions, analyze the problem of the logistics and inventory number of the organization. What is Mr. William payment and what is the problem? To answer these questions, the information must be available and the information should be current and accurate. The examples of business layer of the information system: the system using ATM data to record the bank deposit, the system to record daily time that employees work in factories, etc.
Knowledge level information systems support the employees who are working for the knowledge and data in the organization. Knowledge level information system is intended to help businesses find new knowledge. New knowledge will be integrated into enterprises and help companies control document things. Knowledge level information system, particularly as aid office workstation systems, today is the fastest growing applications.
Management information system is designed to monitor, control, make decision and used to serve the management activities of middle managers. The main question of this information system is to consider whether everything is as usual. Typical management information systems function is to provide periodic report rather than on real-time business information such as a migration control system that can move the divisions across the company, looking for a house and the employee to report domestic subsidies. At the same time, the actual costs exceed the budget note segment should be paid attention to.
Management systems also support the development of unconventional decisions. These systems are more concerned about the non-programmed decision-making and this information involved in decision-making is not always clear. These systems are often answered: "what-if" kind of problem. If ten Sales are doubled in February, what’s the effect on the timing of the production? If the factory construction is postponed for six months, what’s the effect on our return on investment? To answer these questions, it requires both internal data and external data. But that does not readily available from the business tier system has been.
Strategic level of information systems helps the top manager deal with internal and external strategies to solve problems, and predict long-term trends. The system mainly focuses on: making the existing organizational capabilities adapted to the changes in the external environment. Five years later, what level of employees that are recruited is achieved. What’s the cost trend in the long-term industry and where does our company try to develop. Also, five years later what kind of products will we produce.
Information system can vary with specific functions. The main organizational functions such as sales letters and marketing, manufacturing, finance, accounting and human resources information systems are borne by them. In large organizations, the next functions of these functions also have their own systems. For example, the production function can have inventory management, work order control, mechanical maintenance, computer aided engineering, material requirements planning and other information system
Each of the functional area of a typical district has a business, management, knowledge and strategic level systems. For example, the sales function normally has a sales system to record and process daily sales orders for the company in every business level system and design promotional product exhibition in the knowledge layer system. In management information systems, information is used to analyze sales figures monthly through the sales area and to do sales report on sales which is higher or lower than the target area. Information systems at the strategic level can predict the five-year sales trends.
Finally, to the same functional area, different organizations have different information systems. Because no two organizations have exactly the same goals, the same structure and the same concern, the information system is used to meet the various organizational characteristics and no universal information systems can be suitable for all organizations. Each organization does this job with a little bit difference.
Therefore, information system functions can be classified according to specialized function or their levels of service. The whole context of this book has examples to support various functional areas. There are sales systems, production systems, human resources systems and financial accounting system. More information can be known from LAUDON AND LAUDON WEB SITE. This chapter is aimed at analyzing the main application examples of the organization according to the levels of the organization and the types of decision-making based on these levels.
2.1.2 Six major types of systems
In this section, we describe the specific types of information systems of the different levels of the users and their value to the organization. Figure 2-2 (P39) listed the specific layer of information systems corresponding to the organizations. In an organization, there is Executive Information System (ESS) on the strategic layer and the Management Information System (MIS) and Decision Support Systems (DSS) on the management layer, Knowledge Working System (KWS) and Office Automation Systems (OAS) on the knowledge level and Transactio