状语从句教案.doc

状语从句（2h）
教学目标：掌握9大状语从句及其中重要的引导词与句型。由于高考中状语从句经常和从句的时态语态，动词短语的搭配，以及状语从句的省略，虚拟语气与倒装一起考查。因此必须掌握好：
1 时间状语从句中各种引导词引导的主句与从句的时态的判断
2 地点状语从句中表示抽象含义时从句必须在主句之前
3 原因状语从句中because，as，now that的位置问题
4 目的状语从句中的so that与在结果状语从句中的区分
5 结果状语从句中的so/such…that…的特殊结构及其倒装
6 条件状语从句中的if，unless的用法
7 方式状语从句中的虚拟语气的用法
8 让步状语从句中的as, though做引导词时的倒装用法

教学重点：1 掌握常用的状语从句中的引导词
2 判断状语从句中的时态
3 状语从句中的倒装情况：no sooner…than, hardly/scarcely…when, not…until用于句首时的倒装；结果状语从句中so/such置于句首时的倒装情况；as/though引导的让步状语从句的倒装情况
4 as if/though引导的方式状语从句中的虚拟语气

教学进程：
导入：状语从句在句子中作状语，修饰谓语。
㈠时间状语从句
⒈回顾有哪些词可以引导时间状语从句—when, while, as表示“当…时”; immediately, instantly, as soon as, directly, the moment, no sooner than, hardly when, scarcely when, once表示“一…就…”； till, until, not until表示“直到…才”；before 表示“还没来得及…就…”，“不到…就…”；since表示“自从…”；every time, each time, next time, the first time, any time, all the time表示“每当…”，“每次…”，“下次…”等等

⒉状语从句中的时态的判断方法：
⑴过去，现在，将来
⑵延续性与非延续性/时间点与时间段
⑶主从句中的谓语动词的先后关系
⑷判断开始时间与截止时间

⒊when, while, as都可以表示主从句动作同时进行(口头造句举例)
如：when the music fades away, people tide away.
She sat there alone while others were all dancing.
He dances joyfully as the music goes.
当主句动词为短暂性，从句动词用延续性动词的进行时态表示一段时间内的动作时，三个词可互换。如上面的第二个句子。
When可引导持续动作亦可引导短暂动作。如
When I was young, I used to play Barbie dolls.
While引导的必须为延续性动词，侧重和主句中的动词相对比。如
While he was making the breakfast, his wife was sleeping.
As可以指主从句的动作交替进行。如
She feels someone’s following her, so she walked fast as lotoked back.

⒋“一…就…”
⑴The moment she heard the music she liked most, she stood up to dance.
⑵Hardly had the Cinderella got home when the clock knocked 12 o’clock.
⑶As soon as I get there, I’ll let you know.
(强调当no sooner than和hardly when, scarcely when提到句首时要用到倒装)

⒌till, until, not…until
⑴肯定句：主谓语必须为延续性动词
You can dance to your joy until you feel tired.
⑵否定句：主从句必须为非延续性动词
You can’t marry him until I say yes.
（强调till不能放句首，until可以）

6. before
⑴I hadn’t finished my sentence before he turned his back to me。
⑵It will be 2 years before I get back.

7. since
I haven’t spoken to him since 1 year ago.
It is 3 years since I smoked.
It has been 3 years since I smoked.

8．Every time…
歌词：every time I leave to head out on the road, I wanna take you with me, save me from the cold.

练习：
1 We usually call someone a green hand ____(当他没有经验)his job.(experienced)
2 I was speaking to Ann on the phone___（突然我们短线了)(cut)

㈡地点状语从句
表示抽象含义时，从句需在主句前。如
Where there are girls, there is gossip.
where引导的定语从句与状语从句
You’d better make a mark where you have any questions.（状从）
You’d better make a mark at the place where you have any questions. (定从)

㈢原因状语从句
回顾有哪些引导词—because, since, as, now that, seeing that, considering that, owing to, because of, thanks to, due to, for
区别/连词
位置
内涵
语气
能否回答why
能否被强调
Because
主句前或后
直接因果关系
强
能
能
As
主句前或后
双方都知道的原因
弱
不能
不能

Since/now that
主句前
When有时也表示原因。如
It is silly of you to take his words when every one tells you he’s a liar.

㈣目的状语从句
So that, in order that, for fear that, in case,lest等
She looked at the clock now and then, for fear that she might get home late.
He has made up a whole story in case she asks.

㈤结果状语从句
So+形容词/副词+that从句
So+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that从句
So+many/much/few/little+名词+that从句
It is so easy that even a five-year-old student can work it out.
Such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that从句
Such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that从句
Such+a lot of/lots of+名词+that从句
He is such a strange girl that no one like to talk to her.
So或such置于句首倒装
So poor a girl she is that she has no freedom at all.
Too…to与not enough…to与so…as to…

㈥条件状语从句
As/so long as, if, unless, in case(与目的状语从句中意义不同), supposing, provided that
In case—
In case there is a fire, what will us do first?
She always dress herself well in case he come to see her.

㈦方式状语从句
As, as if, as though
As if/though引导的从句如果很难实现或与事实相反，应用虚拟语气。如
Don’t look at me like that as if I had done something wrong.

㈧让步状语从句
Although, though, 可与yet, still或nevertheless连用，不能和but连用。
Even though, even if有时需要用虚拟语气。如
Even if I were busy, I would go.
Though有时可以用于句末，指“然而“
He said he would come, he didn’t, though.
As与though引导的从句用于主句之前时应使用虚拟语气。表语是单数名词时，前置时还应省略冠词
Child as my son, he knows a lot.
Much as I like it, I won’t buy it.
Whether…or…,wh+ever, no matter wh+ever
Whether you believe it or not, it’s true.

㈨比较状语从句
As…as…, not as/so… as, more than…, the more…in/of, A …times as…as B

课堂练习：
I .填入适当的引导词
1. I haven't heard from him _____ he went to America .
2.He won't be here _____ he is invited .
3. He will not go to the cinema _____ he is very busy .
4. We found the key _____ she lad left it .
5. We found the books two days ____ he had gone away .
6. We had no sooner got to the station _____ the train left .
7. He speaks English ______ he were an Englishman .
8.He is explaining clearly _______ they could understand .
9. Do not leave the room _____ you have finished the test .
10. She sang ______ she went along .
答案： 1.since 2.unless 3.because 4.where 5.after 6.than 7.as if 8.so that 9.before 10.as
II.改错
1. The children were running on the playground as fast as they can .
2.Since her husband had died , so she had to support her family .
3.He won't go out until his mother will come .
4.He was very foolish that he didn't pass such an easy exam .
5.Tom had gone out as soon as his mother got home .
6.It was three months since he came to our school .
7.The playground of our school is larger than their school .
8.The streets in Nanjing are wider than Shanghai .
9.Whatever there is plenty of sun and rain , the fields are green .
10. She sings songs as if she is a bird .
答案：1. can 改为could 2.去掉so 3.will come改为 comes 4. very改为 so 5.as soon as 改为when 6.was 改为is 7.than 之后加上that of 8.than 后加 those in 9.whatever改为 wherever 10. is改为 were
III. 找出从句并指出是那类从句
1. It depends on whether we have enough time .
2.The question he asked was where the electrical equipment should be stored .
3. The mountain is no longer what it used to be .
4. The fact that she works hard is well known to us all .
5. He was not the man that he was before .
6. Now you was free , why not go swimming with us ?
7. Where there are schools and colleges , there are examinations .
8. Bad habits , once firmed , are difficult to give up .
9.She often wears the same kind of skirt as her twin sister does .
10 .The moment he opened the window , a bird flew in .
答案：
1.whether we have enough time 介词宾语从句
2.he asked 定语从句 where the electrical equipment should be stored表语从句
3.what it used to be 表语从句
4. that she works hard 同位语从句
5. that he was before 定语从句
6.Now you was free 让步状语从句 now= now that
7.Where there are schools and colleges 地点状语从句
8. once firmed 时间状语从句
9. as her twin sister does 定语从句
10. The moment he opened the window 时间状语从句
IV.填入适当的引导词完成句子
1.____ will do the experiment comes to the professor's office .
2. ___ will do the experiment hasn't been decided .
3. The teacher didn't leave ______ twelve o'clock .
4. ______ the day went on , the weather got worse .
5. _____ she is young , she knows quite a lot .
6. It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey .
7. You will be late ____ you leave immediately.
8.Go and get your coat . It's ______ you left it .
9.______ is mentioned above , the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing .
10. ____ had I entered the room ____ the phone rang .
答案：1.Whoever 2. Who 3.until 4.As 5.Although 6.that 7.unless 8.where 9.As 10 Hardly, when ( No sooner , than )
V. 改错
1.Is this the watch for which he is looking now ?
2. This is all which I can do for you .
3.Do you know the old man at the back of the room, whom has been chosen head of the factory .
4. I want to know the way which you learn new words .
5. Can you tell me that there's a bookstore near here ?
6. Our school quite different from that it was before .
7. If she likes the present is not clear to me .
8.For she is ill , she hasn't come to school .
9. It gave him so a big shock that his face turned pale .
10. He is cleverer than any boy in his class .
答案：1.for 放在looking 之后 2.which 改为 that 3.whom 改为who 4.which改为 how 5.that改为 whether 6.that 改为what 7.If改为 Whether 8.For改为Because 9.so改为 such 10.any 后加other