speak-talk-say-tell的区别.doc

speak,talk,say,tell的区别
1. speak 强调单方的“说”或“讲”，一般用作不及物动词
要表示“对某人说(某事)”，可用 speak to /with sb (about sth)。
eg：Please speak more slowly. I spoke to [with] the chairman about my idea.
2. talk 强调双方“交谈”，一般用作不及物动词
表示“同某人谈论(某事)”，可用 talk to /with sb (about sth)。
eg：He was talking to [with] a friend. What are they talking about?
3. say 强调说话内容，一般用作及物动词。
①表示“对某人说”，可用 say to sb。
eg：Did you say anything (to him)? He said (that) he wanted to go.
注：据说他病了。 It is said that he is ill. He is said to be ill.
`4. tell 表示“告诉”
①可接双宾语，双宾语易位时用介词 to 引出间接宾语。
eg：I told him my name.
He told his parents the good news.
He told the good news to his parents.
②还可接不定式的复合结构作宾语。
eg：Tell her to come at once. He told the children not to play in the street.
③有时与介词 from 连用表示“区分”“辨别”等。
eg：I cannot tell which is which. 我分不清哪个是哪个。
Can you tell true friends from false friends? 你能分清真假朋友吗?