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反义疑问句
一．句型解释
反义疑问句(The Disjunctive Question)：即附加疑问句。它表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方证实。
反义疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。
1．陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式
2．陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式
She was ill yesterday, wasn’t she?
You didn’t go, did you?
二．特殊的句型
1.祈使句。祈使句后一般加上will you或won't you构成反意疑问句，用will you 多表示“请求”，用won't you 多表示提醒对方注意。例如：
Let引导的祈使句有两种情况：
1) Let's...,后的反意疑问句用shall we或shan't we。
例如：Let's go home, shall we/ shan't we? 回家吧，好吗？
2)Let us/me...后的反意疑问句用will you或won't you。
例如：Let me have a try, will you/won't you?
3）祈使句都用will you 或won’t you
2.当陈述部分含I think (believe, suppose...)that... 结构时，其反意疑问句须与从句的主、谓语保持一致，注意主句的主语必须是第一人称。例如： I don't think he will come, will he?
若是非第一人称，则与主句的主语相一致
He thinks that she will come, doesn’t he?
反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We) don’t think(believe, suppose, consider)+ that从句时，从句为否定意义，问句部分的动词和主语仍与that从句保持一致且用肯定式。如：
①I don’t think that you can do it, can you? （不用do I?）
②We don’t believe that the news is true, is it? （不用do we?）
反意疑问句的陈述部分为主语+said( told, reported, asked……) + that从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。如：
①They said that you had finished your work, didn’t they? （不用hadn’t you）
②Kate told you that she would go there, didn’t she? （不用wouldn’t she?）
3.当反意疑问句的陈述部分为从句时，若主句主语为 I ，反意部分的主语为从句主语;若不为 I ，反义部分的主语为主句主语。
①I know your father is a worker, isn't he?
①she knows your father is a worker, doesn’t she?
4.当陈述部分含有以下这些含有否定意义的词时：few, little, seldom，hardly, never, not, no, no one, nobody, nothing, none, neither等，其反意疑问句需用肯定结构。例如： He is never late for school, is he?
5.当陈述部分所含的否定词是通过加前缀或后缀构成的，其后的反意疑问句依然用否定结构。
例如：It is unfair, isn't it? 这不公平，是吧？
6．陈述部分主、谓语是I am...时，反意疑问句用aren't I ,而不是am not I (可用am I not)。
例如：I'm working now, aren't I? 我在工作，是吗？
7. 陈述部分的主语是 everybody, everyone, anybody, anyone, somebody, someone, nobody, no one, none, neither 时, 其反意疑问句的主语需用复数代词they。例如：
Everyone is here, aren't they? 大家都到了，是吗？
No one knows about it, do they? 没有人知道这件事，对吗？
8.陈述部分的主语是everything, nothing, anything或something 时，反意疑问句的主语应用代词it。
例如：Something is wrong with my radio, isn't it?
我的收音机出毛病了，是吧？
9.陈述部分的主语是指示代词this或that时，反意疑问句的主语用it，当陈述部分的主语是指示代词these或those时，其反意疑问句的主语用they。
例如：This is a plane, isn't it? 这是一架飞机，是吗？
These are grapes，aren't they? 这些是葡萄，是吗？
10.陈述部分的主语是不定代词one时，反意疑问句的主语可以用one，也可用you。
例如：One should be ready to help others, shouldn't one?
每个人都应该乐于助人，是吧？
11. 当陈述部分谓语动词是need, dare,且这些词被用作实义动词时，其反意疑问句需用do的适当形式。
例如：He needs help, doesn't he?他需要帮助，是吗？
12.当陈述部分主语是从句、不定式(短语)、动词-ing形式时，反意疑问句的主语应该用it。
例如：What you need is more important, isn't it？
你需要的东西更重要，是吧？
12.have(has)不是表示“有”的意思，并在句中做谓语时，其反意疑问句的助动词要用do, does, did。
例如：They had a meeting just now，didn't they?
他们刚才开了个会，是吗？
15.陈述部分有have to 时，其反意疑问句要用助动词的否定形式。
例如：You have to water the vegetables every day, don't you?
You had to water the vegetables every day, didn't you?
16.He used to stay up late, usedn’t he/ didn’t he?
17.陈述部分是there be句型时，其反意疑问句中要用there。
There was a hospital here, wasn't there?
18.陈述部分有had better时，反意疑问句中要用hadn't。
例如：We’d better go to school at once, hadn't we?
He’d rather go home, wouldn’t he?
19.当陈述部分含有情态动词must时，我们便要分析一下must的含义。如果must 作“一定；要；必须”讲，反意疑问句须用mustn't或needn't；而当must作推测意义“一定是；必定”讲时，反意疑问句则需根据must后的动词原形选用相应的形式。
例如： He must work hard at physics, mustn't he?
他必须努力学物理，是吧？
Tom must be at home，isn't he? 汤姆一定在家，是吧
①He might have forgotten his pen in the classroom yesterday, didn’t he?
（不用mightn’t he?/ hasn’t he?）
②You must have got up late this morning, didn’t you?（不用mustn’t you?/haven’t you?）
20.反意疑问句的回答用yes， no， 但是，回答意思相反,当陈述部分是否定形式时，回答要按事实。
例如：They don’t work hard, do they?
Yes, they do. 不，他们工作努力。/No, they don’t. 对， 他们工作不努力。
反意疑问句的陈述部分为I am……时，问句部分习惯上用aren’t I？表示。如：
I am a very honest man, aren’t I?
反意疑问句二
反意疑问句是英语四大问句之一，它是由一个陈述句加上一个短问句而构成的。反意疑问句的基本构成形式是：陈述句+动词（肯定或否定）+主语？如：
①She often has lunch at school, doesn’t she? ②You don’t like sports, do you?
一、 反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词在语气上成相反的对应关系，即：
肯定+否定？ 否定+肯定？如：
①You can’t do it, can you? ②They are very late for the meeting, aren’t they?
二、 反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词种类要对应一致。如：
①He has supper at home every day, doesn’t he? （不能用hasn’t he?）
②They have known the matter, haven’t they? （不能用don’t they?）
三、反意疑问句中问句部分的动词在时态上应和陈述部分的时态一致。如：
①They will go to town soon, won’t they?（不能用don’t they?或 aren’t they?）
②He works very hard, doesn’t he?（不能用didn’t he?或won’t he?）
四、反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom等否定意义的词时，问句部分用肯定式。如：
①She never tells a lie, does she?（不用doesn’t she?）
②He was seldom late, was he?（不用wasn’t he?）
五、反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-, 等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时，陈述部分要视为肯定含义，问句部分用否定形式。如：
①Your father is unhappy, isn’t he?（不能用is he?）
②The man is dishonest, isn’t he? （不能用is he?）
六、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I am……时，问句部分习惯上用aren’t I？表示。如：
I am a very honest man, aren’t I?
八、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We) don’t think(believe, suppose, consider)+ that从句时，从句为否定意义，问句部分的动词和主语仍与that从句保持一致且用肯定式。如：
①I don’t think that you can do it, can you? （不用do I?）
②We don’t believe that the news is true, is it? （不用do we?）
九、反意疑问句的陈述部分为非第一人称主语+ think(believe, suppose, consider) + that从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。如：
①They all think that English is very important, don’t they? （不用isn’t it?）
②He didn’t think that the news was true, did he? （不用wasn’t/ was it?）
十、反意疑问句的陈述部分为主语+said( told, reported, asked……) + that从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。如：
①They said that you had finished your work, didn’t they? （不用hadn’t you）
②Kate told you that she would go there, didn’t she? （不用wouldn’t she?）
十一、陈述部分的主语为不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything时，问句部分的主语用it。如：
①Something is wrong with the computer, isn’t it?②Nothing has happened to them, has it?
十二、陈述部分的主语为不定代词somebody(someone), anybody(anyone), nobody(no one), everybody(everyone)时，问句部分的主语用he或 they，这时问句动词的数应和he或 they一致。如：
①Someone has taken the seat, hasn’t he?
②Everyone has done their best in the game, haven’t they?
十三、陈述部分为Let me……时，问句部分习惯上用shall I? 或will you?形式。如：
Let me have a try, shall I?(will you?)
十四、陈述部分为Let us……时，问句部分习惯上用will you? 陈述部分为Let’s……时，问句部分习惯上用shall we?如：
Let us stop to rest, will you?
Let’s go home together, shall we?
十六、陈述部分用上述情况以外的祈使句时，问句部分一般用will you?形式表示请求，用won’t you？形式表示委婉请求或邀请。如：
①Do sit down, won’t you?/ will you? ②Jim,you feed the bird today, will you?
③Please open the window, will you?(won’t you?)
十七、陈述部分为否定祈使句时，问句部分一般用will you?如：
Don’t make any noise, will you?
十八、陈述部分为There (Here) + be + 主语时，问句部分用动词+there(here)?。如：
①There are two cakes on the plate, aren’t there?
②Here is a story about Mark Twain, isn’t here?
十九、陈述部分用had better +原形动词表示建议时，问句部分用hadn’t +主语？。
①You’d better tell him about the matter, hadn’t you?
②We had better do it by ourselves, hadn’t we?
二十、陈述部分用used to +主语时，问句部分用didn’t + 主语？或usedn’t
①He used to live in the country, didn’t he?/usedn’t he?
②They used to be good friends, didn’t they?/usedn’t they?
二十一、陈述部分用must(may, might) + have + V-ed表示推测时，若句中带有明显的过去时间的状语，问句部分动词用过去时形式。如：
①He might have forgotten his pen in the classroom yesterday, didn’t he?
（不用mightn’t he?/ hasn’t he?）
②You must have got up late this morning, didn’t you?（不用mustn’t you?/haven’t you?）
二十二、陈述部分用must(may, might) + have + V-ed表示推测时，若句中没有带明显的过去时间的状语，问句部分动词用现在完成时形式。如：
①Everyone must have known the death of the waitress, haven’t they? （不用mustn’t they?）
②You must have worked there a year ago, didn’t you?（不用mustn’t you?/ haven’t you?）
二十三、陈述部分的主语为从句时，问句部分的主语一般用it代替，如：
①What he said is true, isn't it? （不用didn’t he?）
②Where we will build the dam has not been decided yet, has it? （不用won’t we?）
二十四、陈述部分的主语为动名词或不定式时，问句的主语用it代替。如：
①To do one good deed is easy for a person, isn't it?②Skating is your favorite sport, isn't it?
反意疑问句考点
反意疑问句是高考重要考点,其构成形式是"肯定 + 否定"和"否定 + 肯定",但也有一些特例。本文结合高考试题,对反意疑问句的易考点进行归纳。
1. 陈述句部分的谓语是be, had better或情态动词等时,反意疑问句仍用这些动词。
[原题再现]
Bill's aim is to inform the viewers that cigarette advertising on TV is illegal, ________?
A. isn't it B. is it C. isn't he D. is he
答案: A
2. 陈述部分的谓语是have时,若have作"有"解,反意疑问部分用have (has) 或do (does)的肯定或否定式; 若have作使役动词,则只能用do (does, did)的适当形式进行反问。
[原题再现]
His wife had the front door painted green yesterday, ________she?
A. did B. had C. didn't D. hadn't
答案: C
3. 陈述部分含有no, never, seldom, hardly, few, little, nowhere, nothing等否定意义的词时,反意疑问部分用肯定形式;但陈述部分若使用含有否定意义的前缀或后缀的词时,反意疑问部分仍然使用否定形式。
[原题再现]
He seldom has lunch at school, ________?
A. hasn't he B. has he C. doesn't he D. does he
答案: D
They dislike English, don't they? 他们不喜欢英语，不是吗？
4、 含有下列情态动词时构成的反意疑问句形式
a、陈述句有had better时，问句中用had (hadn’t) 。
You’d better go home now, hadn’t you?
b、陈述句中有 must表示“必须”时问句用 needn't或 mustn't
You must do your homework, mustn't you?/ needn't you?
We mustn’t go home, must (need) we?
c、must表示“推测”时，问句中则不能用情态动词，而需要用其它形式。
如：She must be in the room, isn’t she?
You must have been to Shanghai, haven’t you?
[原题再现]
There is no light in the dormitory. They must have gone to the lecture, ________?
A. didn't they B. don't they C. mustn't they D. haven't they
答案: D
5. 陈述部分的主语是everyone, everybody, anyone, anybody, someone, no one等不定代词时,其疑问部分的主语可根据句子的内涵选用he或they。例如:
Everyone knows his job, doesn't he?
Everyone had lent you a hand when you were in trouble, hadn't they?
6. 陈述部分的主语是something, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词,其疑问部分的主语一般用it。例如:
Everything is ready, isn't it?
Nothing goes well, does it?
7. 陈述部分是there be句型时,反意疑问部分用"...there?"。
[原题再现]
There's not much news in today's paper, ________?
A. isn't it B. are there
C. is there D. aren't there
答案: C
8. 陈述部分谓语含有used to时,反意疑问部分可用usedn't,也可用didn't;陈述部分含有ought to时,反意疑问部分可用oughtn't或shouldn't两种形式。例如:
Tom used to make fun of Peter, usedn't / didn't he?
We ought to learn the law knowledge by heart, oughtn't / shouldn't we?
9. 陈述部分的主语是this, that,不定式短语、动名词短语或从句时,反意疑问部分的主语用it;陈述部分的主语是these, those时,反意疑问部分的主语用they。例如:
This is a most wonderful place, isn't it?
Learning a foreign language well takes a long time, doesn't it?
That they are close friends doesn't seem true, does it?
10. 陈述部分的主语后有同位语从句或定语从句修饰时,反意疑问部分仍应对主句主语进行反问。
[原题再现]
The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, ________?
A. did they B. di dn't they C. did it D. didn't it
答案: D
11. 陈述部分为含有宾语从句的主从复合句时,通常要对主句主语进行反问;但若陈述部分是"I (don't) think / suppose / believe / imagine / expect等 + 宾语从句"时,要对宾语从句的主语进行反问,同时要注意否定转移现象。
[原题再现]
I don't suppose anyone will volunteer, ________?
A. do I B. don't I C. will they D. won't they
答案: C
12. 陈述部分为祈使句时,不论祈使句是肯定形式还是否定形式,反意疑问部分通常用will you;但Let's引起的祈使句的反意疑问句部分通常用shall we。
[原题再现]
If you want help-money or anything, let me know, ________ you?
A. don't B. will C. shall D. do
答案: B
13、陈述句部分是"I wish…"句型时，附加问句部分用may I。例如：
I wish I were you, may I? 我希望我是你，可以吗？
I wish her to come here, may I? 我希望她到这儿来，可以吗？
预测题
1.Nobody says a word about the incident, ___________?
A. is he B. doesn’t he C. do they D. don’t they
2.You never told me why you were late for the class, ___________?
A. weren’t you B. didn’t you C. had you D. did you
3.They dare not call you a fool, ___________?
A. would they B. dared they C. dares they D. dare they
4.There is not much news in today’s paper, _____________?
A. isn’t it B. are there C. is there D. aren’t there
5.The manager came here in a car, ________?
A. was he B. did he C. wasn’t he D. didn’t he
6.She must have arrived there yesterday, _________?
A. have she B. must she C. didn’t she D. mustn’t she
7.Peter hardly ever goes to parties, _______?
A. doesn’t he B. do he C. does he D. is he
8.What a lovely day, _________?
A. doesn’t it B. isn’t it C. shan’t it D. hasn’t it
9.Let me do it, _______?
A. shall I B. shall we C. will you D. will I
10.Nothing he did was right, ___________?
A. did he B. was it C. didn’t it D. was he
11.There used to be a church behind the cemetery, ________?
A. didn’t there B. used there C. usedn’t it D. didn’t it
12.He must be in the library now, ________?
A. doesn’t he B. mustn’t he C. needn’t he D. isn’t he
13.You would rather not have fish, _________ you?
A. hadn’t B. wouldn’t C. would D. had
14.----You are not a new member, are you?
---- _________. I joined only yesterday.
A. No, I’m not B. Yes, I’m not C. No, I am D. Yes, I am
15.My sister often needs help with her study, _______?
A. need she B. needn’t she C. does she D. doesn’t she
16.You’d better send for a doctor for your mother, ________ you?
A. had B. hadn’t C. would D. wouldn’t
17.Let’s go swimming, _________?
A. aren’t we B. shall we C. will you D. won’t we
18.Li Ming can’t be in the classroom, __________?
A. can he B. is he C. can’t he D. must he
19.He ought to have looked after his father, _________?
A. oughtn’t he B. ought he not to C. oughtn’t he to D. oughtn’t to he
20.I have nothing to do with the matter, ________?
A. have I B. has it C. do I D. does it
21.He was in good heath when I saw him last time, _________?
A. wasn’t he B. didn’t he C. hadn’t he D. hasn’t he
22.John had his hair cut yesterday afternoon, ________?
A. haven’t he B. didn’t he C. hadn’t he D. hasn’t he
23.None of the pupils attended the sports meet, ________?
A. did they B. do they C. didn’t they D. don’t they
24.I’d like to go with you, _______?
A. had I B. wouldn’t I C. hadn’t I D. would I
25.It is the third time that John has been late, ______?
A. hasn’t he B. isn’t he C. isn’t it D. hasn’t it
26.I suppose he is serious, ________?
A. do I B. don’t I C. is he D. isn’t he
27.She dislikes this skirt, _________?
A. doesn’t she B. does she C. isn’t she D. is she
28.You mustn’t tell it to your mother, ________?
A. must you B. do you C. need you D. will you
29.They have to face the difficulty, ________?
A. haven’t they B. don’t they C. do they D. must they
30.The man in blue must be your brother, _______?
A. mustn’t he B. needn’t he C. isn’t he D. is he
答案与提示：
1.C 当陈述部分中的主语为everybody, everyone, someone, no one, nobody, somebody等不定代词时，反意疑问句部分中的主语常用they。且陈述部分为否定意义的词nobody, 反意疑问部分应用肯定形式。
2.D当陈述部分是主从复合句时，反意疑问部分中的动词和主语代词通常应和主句中的动词和主语保持一致。
3.D 当陈述部分中含有情态动词dare 时，反意疑问部分也应用情态动词dare（没有人称和数的变化）
4.C 陈述句部分含有not,是否定式，所以反意疑问部分应用肯定式。而且当陈述部分是there be结构时， 反意疑问部分用there,省略主语代词。
5.D 当陈述部分的动词是行为动词时，而且前面又没有任何助动词时，这时的疑问部分要用do/does/did。
6.C 如果must have done句式中的时间状语为表示过去的时间的词，如last year, yesterday, the day before yesterday等，反意疑问部分常用didn’t + 主语。
7.C 如果陈述部分已有表示否定意义的副词，如never, nothing, seldom, rarely, hardly等时，反意疑问部分应用肯定形式。
8.B 当陈述句部分为感叹句时，反意疑问句部分常用否定形式，且问句部分的动词常用be。
9.C 当陈述部分是祈使句时，反意疑问部分常用will you。
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