2021年中考英语考点专项训练14-状语从句.doc

2021年中考英语考点专项训练14 状语从句2021年中考英语考点专项训练14 状语从句年级：姓名：考点14 状语从句一、教材重点回顾：状语从句是句子的状语由一个从句充当，来修饰主句中的动词，形容词或副词等。状语从句都由从属连词引导，与主句连接，放在句末时，一般不在前面加逗号。定义：状语从句用作状语，是起副词作用的句子。位置：状语从句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后，时间、条件、原因和让步。状语从句放在句首时需要用逗号和主句隔开。分类：根据其作用可以分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、让步、方式和比较等状语从句。作用：它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语和整个句子。1.时间状语从句: 引导连词有when，while，till，notuntil，since，after ,before ,as soon as。The bus wont start until everybody gets on. 公共汽车直到每人都上车为止，才开动。When he knocked at the door I was cooking.当他敲门时，我正在煮饭。Last night before he came back home, his wife had already cooked dinner and waited for 2 hours. 昨天晚上在他回到家之前，他的妻子已经做好晚饭足足等了他两小时之久。After I went to church, I went shopping.我去教堂后，我去购物了。2. 地点状语从句：地点状语从句通常由where, wherever 引导。Where there is a will, there is a way. 哪里有志向，哪里就有出路。有志者事竟成。Where there is a life, there is a hope. 哪里有生命，哪里就有希望。 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。Wherever you go, whatever you do, I will be right here waiting for you. 不管你去哪里，不管你做什么，我都会在此守侯你。3.原因状语从句：引导连词有because，as, since，for。He didnt see the film because he had seen it.他没有看那部电影，因为他已经看过了。They couldnt get on the train，for it was too crowed.他们没能上到火车，因为太挤了。比较：because, since, as和for1)because语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或 since。I didnt go, because I was afraid.我没有去因为我害怕。Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.因为天气不好，我们得推迟我们的旅行。2)由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。He is absent today, because / for he is ill.他今天没来，因为他病了。He must be ill, for he is absent today.他一定是病，因为他今天没来。【注意】because不能和so 连用。4. 目的状语从句：引导连词有 so that，in order that。 He must get up early so that he can catch the first bus. 他必须早起，以便能赶上头班公交车。 He repainted the house so that he could welcome the guests.他重新刷了一遍房子为了欢迎客人。The mother left work earlier in order that she could be at home when the children arrived.那位妈妈很早就下班了为了能赶在她的孩子们到之前回家去。5.结果状语从句：引导连词有sothat，suchthatThe box is so heavy that I cant lift it.这个盒子如此沉，以致我无法抬起来。such+名词性词组+that 如此以致So+形容词/副词+that 如此以致例如：(1)She is such a good teacher that we all love her.她是如此一位好老师以致我们都爱戴她。(2)It was such a hot day that they didnt go out for a walk as usual.如此热的天以致于他们不能像往常一样出去散步。【注意点】1.such+a+形容词+名词+that，可以改写成：so+形容词+a+名词+that，例句(1)可以改写成：She is so good a teacher that we all love her. 她是如此一位好老师以致我们都爱戴她。2.在such+形容词+名词复数或不可数名词+that结构中，形容词如果是many/few或much/little时，用so不用such，即：so+many/few+可数名词复数+that，so+much/little+不可数名词+that(1)There are so many people in the room that I cant get in.房间里有太多人以致于我进不去。(2)The man has so much money that he can buy a car.这个人有这么多钱以致于他能买一台车。 6.让步状语从句：引导连词有though，although; even though/if; whatever; howeverAlthough he is young，he knows a lot of things.虽然他年龄小，但却认识许多事物。Even though you dont like him, you still have to be polite.即使你不喜欢他，你还得礼貌点。Whatever you say, I will not change my mind.不管你说什么，我都不会改变我的主意。【注意】although，though不能和but连用。7.比较(方式)状语从句以than为引导连词。常见连词(as)as., than; the, theJim is older than Lucy(is).吉姆比路希年长。Skiing is more exciting than running.滑雪比跑步更刺激。The more you practice, the more knowledge you will get.你练习越多，你得到知识越多。【注意】than 引导的比较状语从句中的谓语常省略。8.条件状语从句以if, unless为引导连词。 If you eat bad food，you may be ill.如果你吃到坏了的食物，就会生病。If it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will have a sports meet.【注意】主句是将来时，从句用一般现在时。（主将从现）。状语从句中常见的误点1) 时间状语从句和条件状语从句中的时态与主句的搭配：(俗称：主将从现)2) 原因状语从句because与because of ; Because+从句 和 because of +n./ pron/短语例如：I was late because I didnt catch the bus.I was late because of the rain.二、中考考点梳理【状语从句8大考点】 1）时间状语从句 时间状语从句由when, while, after, before, since, as soon as, till, until等连词引导。 例如： I went to bed after the TV play was ever. 电视剧完了以后我上床睡觉。 Could you look after her while were away? 我们不在时你能照顾她吗？ She has taught in this school since she came to this city in 1989. 自从一九八九年她来到这座城市以来一直在这所学校教书。 Wait until I come back. 请你等到我回来。 注意：如主句是一般将来时，则表示将来的时间状语只用一般现在时。（主将从现）例如： Ill write to you as soon as I get to Beijing. 我一到北京就将写信给你。 It will get warmer and warmer when spring comes. 春天来临时，天气将变得越来越暖和。 2）原因状语从句 原因状语从句由because, as, since等连词引导。例如： He sold the car because it was too small. 他卖掉那辆小汽车，因为它太小了。 Since you wont help me, I must do the job myself. 你既然不帮我忙，我必须自己做这项工作。 As my mother is away at this moment, I have to look after my younger sister. 由于我的妈妈现在不在，我不得不照顾我的妹妹。 注意： a）because, as, since, for的用法辨析 because, as, since, for都是表示各种理由的连词，但because多表示所叙述的理由是本句的重点，故because所引导的从句常放在句末。 例如： Why was he absent? Because he was badly ill. 他为什么缺度？因为他病得很重。 as, since用于表示理由是已知，而理由以外才是叙述的重点，两者皆多用于句首，但要注意since重形式，as多表示理由以外的才是重点。 例如： As it is raining, lets stay as home. 因为下雨，我们就留在家里吧。 Since you have no license, you are not allowed to drive. 因为你没有驾驶执照，所以你不可以开车。 for不用于句首，而用于主句之后，补充说明理由；主句表推测时，用for说明原因。 例如： Ill follow his advice, for he is a doctor. 我会听从他的劝告，因为他是医生。 b）because of也是表示原因状语，但后面只能跟短语。例如： I stayed at home because of the bad weather. 因为天气不好我留在家里。 3）比较状语从句 比较状语从句由than或as来引导。例如： I feel better now than (I was) before. 我现在觉得比以前好了。 He writes as well as you (do). 他写得和你一样好。 This problem is more difficult than that one (is). 这道题比那道题难。 4）条件状语从句 条件状语从句由if, unless（= if not）算连词引导。条件从句中的动词多用一般现在时表示将来。 例如： I shall go if he asks me. 如果他请我，我就去。 I shant go unless he asks me. 除非他请我，否则我是不去的。 I shall go, whether he asks me or not. 不管他请不请我，我都要去。 Come with me if you have time. 如果你有时间请跟我来。 I want to watch a basketball match if Im well tonight. 如果今晚我好了的话，我要看一场篮球赛。 由and连接的简单句，可以用条件状语从句来改写。 例如： Run faster and youll catch up with him. 跑快点儿你就会赶上他。 =If you run faster, youll catch up with him. 如果你跑得快点，你就会赶上他。 5）结果状语从句 结果状语从句由so that, so that引导。 例如： He has lost his bike so that he cant come to school on time.（结果状语） 他丢了自行车，所以不能准时到校。 Your shirt were so dirty that you must wash it.（结果状语） 你的衬衣这么脏，你应该把它洗洗。 【注意】 由sothat引导的状语从句若是表示否定意思，可以用tooto（太而不能）来替换。 例如： She was so angry that she could not say a word. =She was too angry to say a word. 她气得说不出话来。 6）让步状语从句 让步状语从句一般用though（虽然）、although（虽然）、even though（即使）引导。例如： Though/Although he tried hard, he was not successful. 他虽然努力尝试，但没有成功。 He went on working though it was very late. 虽然很晚了，他还在继续工作。 【注意】 汉语中的“虽然但是”在英语中用连词though就可以了，或单独使用but连接两个并列句也可以，但不能在一个句子中同时用这两个连词（主句前不用连词）。 例如：“虽然我很喜欢照顾我姐姐的婴儿，但她不让我干”。 这个句子我们可以用下面两种方法来表达。 Though I like looking after my sisters baby, she doesnt let me do it. I like looking after my sisters baby, but she doesnt let me do it. =though可以与yet连用，这里yet虽然意思与but相同，但yet不是连词，而是副词。 例如：Though it was cold, yet he went out without a coat. 虽然很冷，但他没穿外衣就出去了。 7）目的状语从句 (1)目的状语从句通常由 so that, in order that引导。例如： We started early so that we could catch the first train. He studies hard so that he could work better in the future. We used the computer in order that we might save time. (2)so that既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句的办法有两个：1)目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can, could, may, might等。2)从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如： Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (目的状语从句) Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest. (结果状语从句) 8）地点状语从句 地点状语从句常常由where来引导。例如： Go where you like. Where there is a will, there is a way. 【需要注意的复习要点】 当整句句子处于过去时的情况下，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。 当整句句子处于将来时的情况下，总是主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。 由when引导的时间状语从句，句子处于将来时的情况下，与所有的时间状语从句一样，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。 例如：I am going to be a doctor when I grow up 整句句子处于将来时的情况下，且两个动作同时进行，则持续的那个动作用过去进行时，瞬间的那个动作用一般过去时。 例如：I met my English teacher when I was walking in the street.像He turned on TV set at once when he got home，整句句子处于过去时的情况下，且两个动作先后发生，when=after，则时态与after一致，主句从句都用一般过去时。 像The class had already begun when I entered the classroom.整句句子处于过去时的情况下，且两个动作先后发生，但这里的when=before，则时态与before一致，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。一、典例分类 1. She didnt leave the school _ she worked out this problem.A. as long as B. until C. since D. while【答案】B【解析】考查状语从句的连接词。as long as “只要”；引导条件状语从句；until 用在肯定句，意为“直到为止”，谓语动词通常是延续性动词,如stand, stay, talk, wait等,表示主句动作终止的时间。如: I waited until he came back.我一直等到他回来。如果用在否定句，“直到才”，谓语动词通常是瞬间性动词,如open, start, leave, arrive, finish, stop等,强调主句动作开始的时间。如: I didnt leave the boy until his mother turned up.直到这孩子的母亲来,我才离开。since “自从以来”；引导时间状语从句；while “当时”，引导时间状语从句。中考试题题意为“直到她解决了这个问题她才离开学校。”根据主句谓语动词didnt leave可知，此空应选择until，其它三项不符合语法要求。答案应为B。2. Tom watched the World Cup _ 11:30 last night. A. when B. unless C. until D. as soon as 【答案】C【解析】考查状语从句的连接词。when“当时”，表示时间；unless“如果不”，表示条件，表示条件； until“直到为止”，“直到才”，表示时间；as soon as“一就”，表示时间。中考试题题意为“昨晚Tom看世界杯直到十一点半。”根据主句谓语动词watched可知，此空应选择until，表示“直到为止”，答案应为C。3. Love your parents _ they are alive. Dont wait until it is too late.A. while B. though C. becauseD. unless【答案】A【解析】考查状语从句的连接词。中考试题题意为“当你父母活着时爱他们。不要等到太迟才行动。”while“当时候”，表示时间；though“虽然”，表示让步；because“因为”，表示原因；unless“除非”，表示条件。根据句意只有A选项是正确的，其它选项翻译不通，答案应为A。 4. They didnt go home _ they finished their work.A. becauseB. whenC. until【答案】C【解析】考查状语从句的连接词。.because“因为”，表示原因；when“当时”，表示时间；until“直到为止”，“直到才”，表示时间。中考试题题意为“直到他们完成工作他们才回家。”根据题意，答案应为C。5.Lucy, you cant use the phone _ we are far from the gas(天然气) station.OK, I wont do that again.A. after B. when C. though D. until【答案】D【解析】考查状语从句的连接词。after “在之后”；when“当时”；though“虽然”；until“直到为止”，“直到才”。中考试题题意为“Lucy，直到你远离天然气站你才能使用手机。”根据题意及主句谓语动词是否定式，此空应填until，答案应为D。6.Remember to keep the dog on a leash (狗链) _you walk it, honey!Sure. I wont let it hurt others.A. until B. afterC. while D. since【答案】C【解析】考查状语从句的连接词。中考试题题意为“宝贝，当你遛狗时记住用狗链栓起来。”“好的。我不会让它伤害其他人。”根据题意可知，主句的动作与从句的动词同时发生，此空应选择while，答案应为C。7. Cathy is afraid of the dog. She will run away _she sees it.A.ever since B. although C. as soon as D. so that【答案】C 【解析】考查状语从句的连接词。ever since“自从，从起”；although“虽然”；as soon as“一就”；so that“为了，以便”。中考试题题意为“Cathy害怕狗。她一看见狗就跑开。”根据题意，此空应选择as soon as，表示时间，答案应为C。8.The local food may taste a bit strange.Well, _we are here, why not give it a try?A. thoughB. unlessC. sinceD. because【答案】C 【解析】考查状语从句的连接词。though“虽然”； unless“如果不”； since“既然”，表示原因； because“因为”，表示原因。中考试题题意为“地主食品尝起来有点怪。哦，既然我们在这儿，为什么不尝试一下？”根据题意，此空应选择since，答案应为C。9. _ I do, I do it for you. Do not ever doubt that, my boy.A. Whatever B. WhereverC. WheneverD. Whoever【答案】A 【解析】考查状语从句的连接词。Whatever“无论什么”；Wherever“无论哪里”；Whenever“无论什么时候”；Whoever“无论谁”。中考试题题意为“无论我们做什么，我都是为你做。我的孩子，千万不要怀疑。”根据题意，此空应选择Whatever，答案应为A。10. Bike sharing is very useful in our daily life_ it still has some disadvantages.A. unless B. because C. although【答案】C 【解析】考查状语从句的连接词。unless“如果不”，表示条件；because“因为”，表示原因；although，“虽然”表示让步。中考试题题意为“在日常生活中自行车非常有用，虽然它还有一些不利条件。”根据题意，答案应为although。答案应为C。11. _ we didnt win the basketball game, we were satisfied with our hard work.A. If B. Though C. Since D. Because【答案】B 【解析】考查状语从句的连接词。.If “如果”；Though“虽然”；Since “自从以来”，“既然”；Because“因为”。中考试题题意为“虽然我们没有赢得这场比赛，我们很满意我们的努力工作。”根据题意，应选择though 表示让步，答案应为B。12.（2019年荷泽）_ my grandpa is over 80 years old, he still looks strong and healthy. A. Although B. Because C. Unless【答案】A 【解析】考查状语从句的连接词。.Although“虽然”；Because “因为”；Unless“如果不”。中考试题题意为“虽然我的爷爷八十多岁，他还看上去强壮健康。”根据题意，应选择Although，表示让步，答案应为A。二、 易混易错点拨1. A recent survey shows that 44 percent of Americans want to use self-driving cars, _ 34 percent believe that they will make the roads more dangerous. A. although B. because C. if 【答案】A 【解析】考查状语从句的连接词。.although“虽然”；because“因为”；if “如果”。中考试题题意为“最近调查表明，百分之四十四的美国人想使用自动驾驶汽车，百分之三十四的美国人相信会让道路来得更危险。”根据题意，应选择although，表示让步，答案应为A。2. He could find the way home _ he was only three years old.A. thoughB. becauseC. whereD. if【答案】A 【解析】考查状语从句的连接词。though“虽然”，引导让步状语从句；because“因为”，引导原因状语从句； where“在地方”，引导地点状语从句；if“如果”，引导条件状语从句。中考试题题意为“虽然他只有三岁，但他能找到回家的路。”根据题意，应选择though，表示让步，答案应为A。3. _it rained a lot,we enjoyed ourholiday.A.Although B.Because C.Unless D.However【答案】A 【解析】考查状语从句的连接词。Although“虽然”，表示让步； Because“因为”，表示原因； Unless “如果不”，表示条件；However“无论怎样”，表示让步。中考试题题意为“虽然经常下雨，但我们还是很享受我们的假日”根据题意，应选择Although，表示让步，答案应为A。4. Mr.Smith knows a lot about China_he has never been to our country.A.although B.until C.if D.since【答案】A 【解析】考查状语从句的连接词。although “虽然”；until“直到为止”，“直到才”。 if“如果”；since“自从”。中考试题题意为“Mr.Smith非常了解中国，虽然他从未来过我们的国家。”根据题意，应选择Although，表示让步，答案应为A。5. The old man leads a simple life, _ he has a lot of wealth.A. althoughB. soC. unlessD. because 【答案】A 【解析】考查状语从句的连接词。although“虽然”；so“因此”；unless“如果不”；because“因为” 中考试题题意为“这位老人虽然很富裕，但他还是过简朴的生活。”根据题意，应选择although，表示让步，答案应为A。6. I still keep taking exercise every day _I am busy with so many subjects. A. until B. unless C. because D. though【答案】C 【解析】考查状语从句的连接词。 until “直到为止”，“直到才”；unless“如果不”；because“因为”；Though“虽然”。中考试题题意为“每天早上我还是坚持锻炼，虽然我忙于那么多科目。”根据题意，应选择though，表示让步，答案应为D。7. Friends are like books. You dont need a lot of them _ they are goodA.or B. and C. as long as D. as soon as 【答案】C 【解析】考查状语从句的连接词。or“否则”； and “和”；as long as“只要”； as soon as “就”；中考试题题意为“朋友就像书本，你要不需要太多只要他们足够好。”根据题意，此空应选择as long as，表示条件。答案应为C。8. Our business wont improve _we offer better services to our customs. A. because B. unless C. after D. since 【答案】A 【解析】考查状语从句的连接词。because“因为”；unless“如果不”；after“在之后”；since “自从以来”；题意为“如果我们不提供给我们顾客更好的服务，我们的商业就不会提升。”根据题意应选择unless表示条件，答案应为B。9.You are not supposed to enter the teachers office _.Thanks, mom. I got it.A. unless you are allowed toB. if you want to ask questionsC. when you are asked to come in【答案】A 【解析】考查状语从句的连接词。A项由unless连接条件状语从句；B项由if连接条件状语从句；C项由when连接时间状语从句。题意为“你不应该随意进入老师的办公室，除非被允许进入。”根据题意，答案应为A。10.Ling ling, youll feel sleepy tomorrow _ you go to bed early.OK, Mom. Ill go to bed at once.A if B. unless C. though D. because【答案】B 【解析】考查状语从句的连接词。if“如果”； unless “如果不”；though“虽然”； because“因为”；题意为“Ling ling，如果你不早点睡觉，明天你将感到困倦。”“好的，妈妈。我立刻去睡觉。”根据题意，应选择unless，表示条件，答案应为B。11.Im afraid e-books might be bad for our eyes.Hmm, but they will be helpful for us_we put them to good use.A. as soon as B. as long as C. even though D. so that【答案】B 【解析】考查状语从句的连接词。as soon as“就”；as long as “只要”；even though “即使”；so “因此”；题意为“我担心电子书可能对我们的眼睛有害。”“但是只要我们利用好，对我们将有帮助。”根据题意，应选择as long as，表示条件，答案应为B。12.Is your WeChat accou