北京中考英语常用词汇.doc

(完整版)北京中考英语常用词汇

§1、名词活用动词

单词
名词含义
动词含义
experience
n。经验，经历
v。经历
form
n.表格
v。形成；养成习惯
fire
n.火
v。解雇
hand
n。手
v.给，递交
head
n。头，脑袋
v.朝向……去
judge
n.裁判
v.判断
last
n.末尾
v。持续
lie
n。撒谎
v。躺着；位于
matter
n。事情
v.要紧，重要
number
n. 数字
v。数，计算，给……编号
notice
n。通知
v.注意到
note
n。笔记
v。注意;指出
offer
n。提供,提议;报价
v。 给予，提出;愿意，试图，报价
order
n.顺序
v。命令；订购，下订单
place
n.地方
v.放置
present
n.礼物 ；现在
v.呈现给……hand in
rest
n.休息
v. 停放在……地方
step
n。 步伐，台阶
v。踩，踏
study
n。学习；研究
v.研究
value
n.价值
v.珍视,珍重
volunteer
n。 志愿者
v。志愿去做某事…；主动去做某事
wonder
n。奇迹
v。想知道

§2、常考词组

英文词组
中文解释
bump into
撞上,偶然遇见
come into mind
回到脑海里
come up
发生;上来；提到
carry out
执行,实施
come to life
苏醒
come up with
提出;想出
catch up with
赶上，追上
keep up with times
与时俱进
put up with 忍受
put off 推迟
end up with
结束
light up(lighted/lit）
（使）变得喜悦
make a big difference
有很大影响
manage to do
设法做某事（成功)
never fail to do= always do/succeed in doing sth.
从未失败
have trouble in doing sth.
在做某事方面有麻烦
hold up
举起，支撑
hold out
伸出，坚持要求
hold on to
坚持住，保持住
hold back
阻挡,阻止
pull into
驶入停下
pull up
停下来
pull away
离开
run into = come across
撞到, 意外碰到
save…from
把……从之中解救出来
take in
吸收
take on
呈现
take the chance
利用这次机会
take responsibility
承担责任
try out
试验，试用，选拔

§3、熟词偏义

英文
常见含义
北京中考常考的意思
as
conj. 当……；伴随着
conj。既然；由于
appreciate
v。 欣赏
v. 感恩；感激
count
v。 数数
v.认为；有价值
drive
v。 驾驶，开车
v.驱赶；驱使
draw
v. 拉（长音）；画画
v. 取钱;吸引(注意力）
fair
adj. 美丽的,相当的
adj. 公平的
free
adj。自由的；免费的
v。 free sb from sth
head
n。 头
v。 (朝向）
hurt
v. 伤害(内心)
v。 使……失望； 害怕
honor
n。荣誉光环
v.尊敬；遵守（法律；规定)；纪念
last
adv.上一次,最近一次；最后
v。 持续
match
n。 比赛；竞赛
v. 匹配；符合;使一致
please
int. 请
v. 取悦；使高兴 be pleased with
present
n.礼物
v。 呈交；递交；呈现
adj. 在场的；目前的 adv。 目前地
raise
v. 举起; 饲养；募捐
v。 提出问题
realize
v.意识到
v。 实现（梦想)
right
adj。正确的；右面的；适合的
adv. 径直地 n. 权利
run
v. 跑步
v.运转；经营；管理；闯红灯
sentence
n.句子
v。 判刑
since
conj. 自从
conj.既然;由于
suggest
v。 建议
v。 暗示，表明
tell
v。告诉
v.区分分辨 tell the difference
tie
n.领带
v. 平局，比分咬得比较紧, 系

§4、常考词义辨析

组一：offer ; effort； afford； effect ; affect

单词
中文含义
例句
offer
vt. 提供，给予
Peter offered to teach them water—skiing。。。
彼得主动提出教他们滑水.
effort
n。 努力，尝试
I believe if everyone makes a little effort, we can make a big difference.
afford
v。 买得起
We can afford a car.我们买得起一辆小汽车
effect
n。 影响;效果
T The trees themselves also have an effect on the climate。
树木本身也对气候产生影响。
affect
v 影响
Bright light affects the eyes。明亮的光线影响视力.

组二：please ； pleasure; pleasant; unpleasant; peasant

单词
中文含义
例句
please
vt. 使喜欢；使高兴
The girl in the shop is always eager to please every customer。
这位女店员总是很热心地对待每一位顾客
pleasure
n.愉快；高兴
I will remember this meeting with pleasure。
我会愉快地记着这次的会晤。
pleasant
adj.令人愉快的
We spent many hours in a pleasant conversation.
我们畅谈了好几个小时.
unpleasant
adj.使人不愉快的
It happened with unpleasant consequences。
这件事产生了令人不愉快的后果
peasant
n. 农民；乡下人
He was born of a peasant family.
他出生于一个农民家庭。

组三：express； expressive; explain; explanation; exchange； expense

单词
中文含义
例句
express
V。 表达
Her face expressed sorrow.
她的脸上表露出悲哀.
expressive
adj. 有表现力的；表达……的
I begin to seek right expressive way.
我开始寻找合适的表达方式。
explain
v。说明；解释
He explained his plan in some detail。
他仔细地说明了自己的计划。
explanation
n. 说明，解释
I made a full and frank explanation to the court.
exchange
v.交换；兑换
May I exchange seats with you? 我和你调一个座位好吗？
expense
n。花费;代价
It’s too much of an expense for me to own a car.
对我来说,拥有一辆汽车的花费太大.

组四:give up; take up; pick up; make up; turn up； get up

词组
中文含义
例句
give up
放弃
You should give up smoking。
take up
占用 (时间、空间或精力)
I wouldn’t want to take up too much of your time。

pick up
捡起； （尤指偶然地、无意地）得到; 学会；接人
Where did you pick up your English?。..
你在哪儿学的英语？

make up
组成；补足；弥补; 编造
I'm not making it up。 The character exists in real life.
我没有凭空捏造，这种人现实生活中确实存在。
turn up
出现;调大声音
This is similar to waiting for a bus that never turns up。
这就跟等待一辆永远等不到的公共汽车差不多.
get up
（使）起床
They have to get up early in the morning。
他们大清早就得起床.

组五:repeat; regret; realize； refuse; reduce; receive; respect

单词
中文含义
例句
repeat
重复
The teacher asked him to repeat what he had said。
老师要他重复他所讲的话。
regret
后悔；惋惜
My only regret is that I have missed the chance to go abroad for further education。 我唯一遗憾的是错过了去国外进修的机会.
refuse
拒绝
I refuse to answer that question. 我不愿回答那个问题。
reduce
减少；缩小
They have to reduce expenses this year。他们今年必须削减开支。
receive
收到；接待
I have just received his reply。我刚刚收到他的回信。
respect
尊敬
All students should respect their teachers.
凡是学生就应当尊敬老师。

组六:break down; break into； break away from； break up； break out

词组
汉语含义
例句
break down
损坏;分解;出故障（机器）
Who broke down the door of our classroom?
谁把我们教室的门打坏了？
break into
破门而入
They broke into the prison and set free all the prisoners。
他们冲进监狱，释放了所有的囚犯.
break away from
打破陈规;奋力挣脱；放弃习惯
You must break away from these old customs.
你们必须破除这些旧风俗。
break up
解散，打碎，关系破裂
They decided to break up the partnership。
他们决定终止合作关系。
break out
战争爆发;
争吵爆发
When did the war break out? 这场战争是什么时候爆发的?

组七：put off; take off; show off; go off; give off； call off; set off

词组
汉语含义
例句
put off
推迟、拖延
The Association has put the event off until October。
take off
起飞、脱掉
The plane took off despite the fog。
He came in and took off his coat.
show off
炫耀
He actually enjoys his new hairstyle and has decided to start showing it off。
go off
响起
The alarm went off.
give off
放出（气味，热量等）

The cooker is giving off a funny smell。
call off
取消
If you call off an event that has been planned， you cancel it。
set off
出发
I set off， full of optimism. 我无比乐观地出发了

组八：put away; give away； take away; stay away from； pass away

词组
汉语含义
例句
put away
放好,收拾好
Please put your toys away in the cupboard!
give away
赠送
John gave all his possessions away。
take away
带走,拿走,取走
Take away the glasses and the tray。
stay away from
离…远点
My mother advised me to stay away from those naughty girls。
pass away
死，逝世
I'm sorry to hear that your father passed away last night。

组九：put out； take out; find out; work out; look out； come out； carry out

词组
汉语含义
例句
put out
熄灭
Please put the light out when you leave the room.
离开房间时请把灯关掉
take out
取出
He opened his schoolbag and took out a notebook。
他打开书包，拿出了一个笔记本.
find out
找出，查明
I'll find out her secret.我要弄清她的秘密。
work out
解决;算出
Please work out this problem as soon as possible。
look out
当心,小心
Look out! There's car coming。当心！汽车来了.
come out
出版;结果是
That magazine comes out every Monday.
那份杂志每星期一出版。
carry out
执行
He will carry out his plan。 他要执行他的计划。