so与such用法系统讲解与练习.doc

青岛明天中学 高二英语学案班级： 姓名： 编写：耿明利 审核：黄敬 日期：2013.9 【learning aims】1、to review the usage of so/such.that 2、to finish the exercise correctlylead-in导入so与such都有“如此、这么、那么”的意思，可进行同义改写，但用法不同。 So与such是英语中两个常用词。这两个词的用法很多，且易混淆，初学英语者往往搞不清楚，因而使用是经常出错。文本就它的一些用法作一粗浅讨论。讨论主要以分析实例进行。首先，我们应该弄清so是副词，修饰形容词和副词，在句中充当状语。Such为形容词修饰名词，意为如此的，这样的，在句中作定语，请看下面几个句子。The fish is so long. Dont drive so fast, its dangerous.Fred is so good a man. It was such interesting meeting.Step 1 So与such诊断性练习1.I know such a clever boy 2.I know so clever a boy2.They are such useful books 3.He gave us such good food 4.There are so many flowers in our school garden 5.Youll find English a bridge to so much knowledge6.I have so little money that I cant lend you any 7.I have never seen such little sheep before8. No such thing has ever happened. 9. I have never seen such a beautiful place before.10.Last time I saw him he was so fat! 11.He was not so much angry as disappointed.12.However did you make such a mistake? 13. I have never heard of such a thing.14. Why are you in such a hurry? 15. I have never seen such a tall man.16. I have never seen so tall a man. Step2用法系统归纳 so是副词，修饰形容词和副词；而such是形容词，修饰名词。它们后面接单数可数名词时，词序不同.做题技巧：so紧跟其后的必定是形容词或者副词，而Such所修饰的中心词必定名词或代词。特殊用法特殊记忆，出现数量形容词many，few，much，little（少）修饰名词的情况用so.一、 so的词序为：so+ adj. + a（an） + n. such的词序为：such +a（an） +adj. + n.它们可以表达同样的意思，因此它们可以进行同义改写。so nice a coat =such a nice coat 这么漂亮的一件外套so interesting a book = such an interesting book 那么有趣的一本书补给站：后面接复数名词或不可数名词时，只能用such，而不能用so.如：such beautiful flowers 这么美丽的花 such clever children 如此聪明的孩子但是，复数名词或不可数名词前有many，few，much，little（少）修饰时，只能用so而不能用such，这是一种固定用法。如：so many books 这么多书 so few people 这么少的人so much money 那么多的钱 so little milk 那么少的牛奶2. 和“that”连用时，意思基本一样，但句型结构不同。“sothat”句型结构为：so + adj. （adv.） +thatso + adj. +a（an）+单数n. +thatso +many（few）+复数n. +thatso +much（little）+不可数n. +that如：This book is so interesting that I have read it three times. 这本书如此有趣，我已经看了三遍。It was so hot a day that nobody wanted to do anything. 天气很热，谁都不想干活。He spoke so fast that we couldnt understand him. 他说得太快，我们都未能听懂他的话。There were so many people that we could hardly move on. 这么多人，我们简直无法继续往前走。二：“suchthat”句型结构为：such + a （an）+adj. +单数n. +thatsuch + adj. +复数n. +that(这些形容词不包括数量形容词many，few，much，little（少）)such +adj. +不可数n. +thatShe is such a pretty girl that everyone likes her. 她是个很可爱的小姑娘，大家都喜欢她。They are such delicious cakes that I want to eat another two. 这么可口的蛋糕，我还想再吃两块。It is such sweet milk that we all want to drink it. 这么香的牛奶，我们都想喝。补给站：由于so 和such后跟单数可数名词时，可以换用，同样“sothat”与“suchthat”也可以进行同义句改写。如上文中：This book is so interesting that I have read it three times. 可改写成：This is such an interesting book that I have read it three times.It was so hot a day that nobody wanted to do anything. 可改写成：It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.注意：当such前面有no时，必须省去不定冠词a(an)，因为no such本身已经包括了不定冠词，相当于not such a(an)；如： I have no such book. (= I havent such a book.) 3. so与that可以直接构成词组“so that”，引导目的和结果状语从句，表示“以便、以致”的意思。如：He worked hard so that he could pass the exams. 为了能通过考试，他学习很认真。（但such没有这种用法）Step3拓展部分：下面我再就so和such的其它用法作一讨论。先看so的一个用法：替代。A组: I enjoyed the music and so did my wife.If my brother is allowed to go out, so should I be.You are young, so am I I love sport. So do you. She will learn English, and so shall I, and so will her sister.A组五个句子，都表示前面的情况也适合后者的情况，但主语不指同一人。需用下面的结构表达： So+ be/have/do/助动词+主语B 组 ： Tomorrow will be your birthday. You are right, so it will.It was cold yesterday. Yes, so it was.Father, you promised to buy it for me.I hoped to win and so I shall.B组so所引起的句子，实际上是对前面句意的重复，从语气上更加肯定前句的意思，肯定无疑，信十足。在这种句子中，主语所指相同，那么应用下面结构来表达： So+主语+be/have/do/助动词就A、B两组句子，我们不难看出，在这种结构中，so替代的不外乎三种情况：谓语、谓语的一部分或非谓语动词短语。（2） 再看such作代词的一个用法。在英语学习中，我们会碰到如下的句子：Such were the results.结果就是这样。Such is his fate.他的命运就是这样。 Such are the facts.事实就是这样。 Such is life.生活就是这样。Step4 So/such跟踪练习1.She is _ a good teacher that all of us love and respect her.2.Table tennis is _ an interesting game that people all over the world play it.3.They are _interesting books that I want to read them once more4.It was _bad weather that I had to stay at home.5.He ran_ fast that I couldnt catch up with him.。6.I am _ sleepy that I can hardly keep my eyes open.7.There were _ many people in the street watching the fire that firefighters could not get close to the building.8.This is _an important meeting that you should attend it.（=This is so important a meeting that you should attend it.）9.Heran _ quicklythatIcouldntcatchupwithhim 10.Theboxcosts _ littlethatIcanaffordit 12._things often happen in our daily life.13._ people are dangerous.14.Whales are _smart animals that they communicate with each other.15. He made _stupid mistakes that the teacher tore up the whole paper.16.Did you ever see_weather?17. You cant drink_ hot milk.18.She made rapid progress that she soon began to write articles in English.19. I have met many _ people in my life.20. 20.I didnt expect to meet _many people there.21. 21There are few that I cant give you one.22.This is the girl I have told you_ much about.23._much for today 24.All _possibilities must be considered.25.One_dictionary is enough for me.26. We have had several_Chinese paintings already.27.I hope never to meet with another accident.28、I told jim to come here yesterday and he did _.29.I passed the exam and _ did tom.30、_ was me that a stupid boy when I was young. 【Step5 简单小结与巩固复习 】 so/such . that . 如此以至于(引导结果状 语从句)最常用的表达：1、so +adj +a/an +n +that =such +a /an +adj +n+thatthe boy is so lovely that we all like him.他是如此可爱的一个男孩，以至于我们都喜欢他。=He is such a lovely boy that we all like him.练习：（ ）He was _that he wouldnt lend money to _bad person.A so a clever boy ;such B a so clever boy；a suchC so clever a boy;a such D so clever a boy;such a 区别用法2、so +adv +thatHe ran so fast that I couldnt catch him. fast为adv后面跟副词，只能用_3、such +(adj)+u不可数名词such terrible weather(如此糟糕的天气)such （good） luck（如此好的运气） 出现不可数名词用_思考归纳(1)名词前若有many/much/few/little(少)修饰时，则须用 而不能用such。so many people/so much water/so few friends/so little money(2)soadj./adv.位于句首时，句子要用 。So clever is the boy that we all like him.如此可爱的一个男孩，以至于我们都喜欢他。3