人教版初中英语八大时态详解.doc

人教版初中英语八大时态详解英语的时态（tense）是一种动词形式，不同的时态用以表示不同的时间与方式。下面就英语中常见的八种基本时态进行阐述，其它的时态都是在这八种时态的基础上结合而成的。一、 一般现在时：1.概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。2.时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month.), once a week, on Sundays, 3.基本结构：动词 原形 （如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要加（e）S）4.否定形式：am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加dont,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesnt，通常还原行为动词。5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。6.例句：It seldom snows here. He is always ready to help others. Action speaks louder than words. 二、 一般过去时：1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。2.时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 3.基本结构：be动词；行为动词4.否定形式：was/were+not;在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词。5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。6.例句：She often came to help us in those days. I didnt know you were so busy. 三、 现在进行时：1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。2.时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc. 3.基本结构：am/is/are+doing 4.否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing. 5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。6.例句：How are you feeling today? He is doing well in his lessons. 四、 过去进行时：1.概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。2.时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。3.基本结构：was/were+doing 4.否定形式：was/were + not + doing. 5.一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。6.例句：At that time she was working in a PLA unit. When he came in, I was reading a newspaper. 五、 现在完成时：1.概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。2.时间状语：recently, lately, sincefor,in the past few years, etc. 3.基本结构：have/has + done 4.否定形式：have/has + not +done. 5.一般疑问句：have或has提前6.例句：Ive written an article. It has been raining these days. 六、 过去完成时：1.概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。2.时间状语：before, by the end of last year(term, month),etc. 3.基本结构：had + done. 4.否定形式：had + not + done. 5.一般疑问句：had放于句首。6.例句：As soon as we got to the station, the train had left. By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books 七、 一般将来时：1.概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。2.时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, in a few minutes, by,the day after tomorrow, etc. 3.基本结构：am/is/are/going to + do；will/shall + do. 4.否定形式：was/were + not; 在行为动词前加wont，同时还原行为动词。5.一般疑问句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。6.例句：They are going to have a competition with us in studies. It is going to rain. 八、 过去将来时：1.概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。2.时间状语：the next day(morning, year),the following month(week),etc. 3.基本结构：was/were/going to do；would/should + do. 4.否定形式：was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do. 5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；would/should 提到句首。6.例句：He said he would go to Beijing the next day. I asked who was going there .1.一般现在时: 主语+do/does(现在分词) e.g We clean the room every day. 2.一般过去时: 主语+did e.g We cleaned the room just now. 3.现在进行时: 主语+am/is/are doing e.g We are cleaning the room now. 4.过去进行时: was/were doing e.g We were cheaning the room at 5:00 yesterday afternoon. 5.现在完成时: have/has done e.g.We have cleaned the room already. 6.过去完成时: had done e.g We had cleaned the room before he arrived. 7.一般将来时: will do/ e.g We will clean the room tomorrow. 8.过去将来时: was/were to /would do e.g He said he would clean the room next.