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我我们们学学习过习过情情态动词态动词can和和could表示表示“能能够够”,表示,表示对现对现在或在或将来的推将来的推测测,意,意为为“会,可能会,可能”,往往用于否定句和疑,往往用于否定句和疑问问句。句。用于疑用于疑问问句句时时,can比比could表示的表示的“可能性可能性”要大;用于否定要大;用于否定句句时时,cannot(cant)表示表示“不可能不可能”。如:。如:You cant be serious!你不是你不是认认真的吧!真的吧!could则则可用于可用于肯定句、否定句和疑肯定句、否定句和疑问问句句。在以下例句中,。在以下例句中,can和和could均表示可能:均表示可能:He could be in pain.他可能很疼。他可能很疼。That could be harmful!那可能有害!那可能有害!Can/Could this be true?这这有可能是真的有可能是真的吗吗?情态动词情态动词must,can,could表示表示推测推测情态动词must也可以表示猜也可以表示猜测测,意思,意思为为“一定,准是一定,准是”,通,通常只用于肯定句。常只用于肯定句。如如课课文中的文中的 例子:例子:Betty,you must know!贝蒂,你肯定知道!请请仔仔细对细对比下列一比下列一组组句子:句子:Who sent the present?Can it be your brother?是是谁谁送来的礼物啊?会是你哥哥送来的礼物啊?会是你哥哥吗吗?(询问询问 可能性)可能性)It must be your brother.I saw him in your room just now.肯定是你哥哥,我肯定是你哥哥,我刚刚才看才看见见他在他在 你的房你的房间间里。里。(语语气气强强烈,表示非常肯定)烈,表示非常肯定)It cant be my brother.He is still in France.不可能是我哥哥,他不可能是我哥哥,他还还在法国呢。在法国呢。(表示不可能)(表示不可能)祈使句表达祈使句表达说话说话人人对对对对方的叮嘱、方的叮嘱、劝劝告、希告、希望、禁止、建望、禁止、建议议、请请求或命令等。祈使句一求或命令等。祈使句一 般般以以动词动词原形开原形开头头,无,无时态时态和数的和数的变变化。常化。常见见的的句型如下:句型如下:1.动词动词原形构成的祈使句原形构成的祈使句:Do型:型:动词动词原形原形+(宾语宾语)+其他成分其他成分此此类类祈使句暗含的主祈使句暗含的主语语是是you,但通常但通常省略省略。Eg.确保他不受凉。确保他不受凉。祈使句祈使句Make sure hes warm.Be型:动词原形型:动词原形+表语(名词或形容词)表语(名词或形容词)+其其他成分他成分Eg.做个好孩子做个好孩子祈使句的句首或句末有祈使句的句首或句末有时时加加pleaseplease,还还可以可以加加上称呼上称呼语语,用逗号与句子主体隔开。,用逗号与句子主体隔开。男孩男孩们们,请请安静!安静!Please be quiet,boys!Be a good boy!如:不要使用如:不要使用电电梯。梯。别别浪浪费时间费时间 了了!再也不要再也不要迟迟到到 了了!不要介意不要介意Dont use the lift.Never be late again!Dont waste your time!1.句首加句首加do not(dont)+动词原形。动词原形。2.never+动词原形动词原形否定句否定句:Never mind!2.lets构成的祈使句构成的祈使句这类祈使句往往用于提出建议。这类祈使句往往用于提出建议。Let+宾语宾语+动词原形动词原形+其他成分其他成分如:让我来帮你吧如:让我来帮你吧Lets take a taxi,shall we?我们坐出租车,好吗?我们坐出租车,好吗?否定形式:否定形式:Dont+let+宾语宾语+动词原形动词原形+其他成分其他成分Let+宾语宾语+not+动词原形动词原形+其他成分其他成分Let me help you!别让他走别让他走Dont let him go=Let him not go在一些公共场合的警示语上,在一些公共场合的警示语上,常用常用“No+动名词动名词/名词名词”构成省略的构成省略的否定祈使句否定祈使句,意为意为“禁止禁止”。例如:禁止吸烟例如:禁止吸烟No smoking!禁止钓鱼禁止钓鱼No fishing!Just a minute,please!This way,please=Go this way,please.3.无无动词动词祈使句祈使句在在请请求、命令和口号中,常用无求、命令和口号中,常用无动词动词祈使祈使句,它句,它实际实际上是省略了上是省略了动词动词,从而使,从而使语语句句更更简简 洁洁有力。如:有力。如:请请稍等!稍等!请这边请这边走!走!反意疑问句:1.祈使句一般加上 will you 或wont you 构成反意疑问句。2.Lets 反意疑问句用 shall we Let us/me 用will you 或wont you让我们去游泳吧,好吗?让我和你一起去吧,好吗?Please close the door,will you/wont you?Lets go swimming,shall we?Let me go with you,will you?/wont you?祈使句和简单句、复合句之间的转换。祈使句和简单句、复合句之间的转换。1.Lets+动词原形动词原形 表建议,可转换为表建议,可转换为 Shall we+动动词原形词原形例例.Lets stop reading-Shall we stop reading?2.祈使句祈使句+and 或或then+简单句,转换为含简单句,转换为含if条件状条件状语从句,谓语用语从句,谓语用肯定肯定形式。形式。Hurry up,and you will catch the train-If you hurry up,you will catch the train3.祈使句祈使句+or+简单句,转换为含简单句,转换为含if条件状语从句,谓条件状语从句,谓语用语用否定否定形式。形式。or否则的意思。否则的意思。Hurry up,or youll be late-If you dont hurry up,you will be late.1.Call me when you get home.OK,_.A.I must B.I can C.I will D.I may2.Jim,_ me a hand.A.gives B.is giving C.give D.will give3.Let me _ on duty today.A.am B./C.be D.do4.Lets _ our time.A.not waste B.no wasting C.not to waste D.no waste5._ higher,and you will see the house.OK.A.If you stand B.To stand C.When you stand D.StandCCCADChoose the correct answer.6._ forget to write to me when you _ get there next Tuesday.A.Dont;will B.Please;will C.Please;/D.Dont;/7.Please _ do it.A.he B.he let C.let him D.him8._ come in,please.A.Will B.Do C.Wont D.Did9._ careful!A.Be do B.Do be C.Not D.Not do10._ let anyone open the door.A.Dont B.Will C.Not D.NoDCBBA1.Sorry for being late again._ here on time next time,or youll be punished.A.Be B.Being C.To be D.Been2.May I listen to the music here,Mr.White?Sorry,youd better _ it like that.A.not to do B.not do C.dont do D.not do toAB3.Boys and girls,_ up your hands if you want to take part in the summer camp(夏令营夏令营).A.putting B.to put C.put4.When someone is in trouble,we must help him _ trouble.A.in B.out of C.into CBFill in the blanks with the correct words or expressions in brackets.1.Its very dangerous.You _(must/mustnt)keep away from it!2.They _(could/mustnt)still win the game isnt over yet.3._(Move/Dont move)the boy if hes broken his arm.4._(Keep/Dont keep)the boy warm.Hes freezingmustcouldDont moveKeep 重点短语、句型重点短语、句型first aid at the bottom of lift up make sureWhats wrong with?祈使句的用法祈使句的用法1._ the hill,I found a telephone and called the police.A.At the bottom of B.At the top C.On the bottom D.On the top of2.If you find you are in _ then you should stop and take a rest.A.pay B.happy C.happiness D.painAD3.Whats wrong _ you?Im feeling bad.A.on B.with C.of D.before4.She will _ her hand when she knows the answers.A.lift up B.lift down C.lie up D.lie downBA
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