第一讲语音.doc

语音
开篇问题：为什么会觉得英语难学？
答案：英语单词不好记，句子不会分析，语法点太复杂等等。
第一个答案就是单词不好记。单词之所以不好记忆的原因就是不会读单词，不会读单词就是因为不知道音标以及怎样拼读单词。因此，这节课就解决这个难题。
音标：
英语字母共有26个，其中有五个元音字母和21个辅音字母。 并且Y也是半元音字母。
A/ei/ B/bi:/ C/si:/ D /di:/ E/i:/ F/ef/ G/d3i:/ H/eit∫/ I/ai/ J/d3ei/ K/kei/ L/el/ M/em/ N/en/ O/əu/ P/pi:/ Q/kju:/ R /a:/ S /es/ T/ti:/ U /ju:/ V/vi:/ W/'dʌbl ju:/ X/eks/ Y/wai/ Z[zi:]
音素：
英语共有48个音素，其中元音20个，辅音28个。英语辅音和元音在语言中的作用，就相当于汉语中的声母和韵母。记录英语音素的符号叫做音标。

元 音
12个单元音
长元音
[a:]
[ә:]
[i:]
[ɔ:]
[u:]

短元音
[Λ]
[ә]
[i]
[ɔ]
[u]
[æ]
[e]

8个双元音
[ai]
[ei]
[ɔi]
[iә ]
[eә ]
[uә ]
[au]
[әu]

辅 音
10对
清辅音
[p]
[t]
[k]
[f]
[s]
[∫]
[t∫]
[tr]
[θ]
[ts]
浊辅音
[b]

[d]
[g]
[v]
[z]
[3]
[d3]
[dr]
[ð]
[dz]
3个鼻音
[m]
[n]
[η]

3个似拼音
[h]
[r]
[l]

2个半元音
[w]
[j]

元音[i:] [i] [ә:] [ә] 学习
[i:] 发这个音的字母和字母组合e ea ee
e: me be she he we evening
ee: sweet bee sweep sheep see sleep three green
ea: meat leaf sea pea teach eat clean
[i] 发这个音的字母和字母组合i e y ey ay
i: pig fish in fifteen six ship thin
e: begin behind jacket basketball
y: happy heavy busy lorry carry sunny lovely study thirsty twenty thirty windy rainy
ey: monkey money
ay: Sunday Saturday Friday
[ә:] 发这个音的字母和字母组合er ir ur ear or
er: her serve term
ir: bird girl skirt first dirty skirt shirt
ur: nurse Thursday turtle purple curtain
ear: early learn
or: word work world
[ә] 发这个音的字母和字母组合ure er ar or a e
ure: picture
er: teacher brother dinner father sister
ar: sugar
or: doctor
a: panda about above camera sofa China
音标[i:] [i] [ә:] [ә] 练习
找出下列没有相同发音的词。
( ) ①he feet bread green
( ) ②pig is dog ship
( ) ③thirty bird her food
( ) ④she big in money
( ) ⑤sweets fish teacher we
( ) ⑥teacher sister about girl
( ) ⑦tiger first work shirt
( ) ⑧tree bean clean chin
( ) ⑨father doctor skirt china
( ) ⑩happy sea sit picture
音标[ɔ:] [ɔ] [u:] [u]学习
ɔ:] 发这个音的字母和字母组合a aw al or oor
a: water aw: draw strawberry al: ball wall
or: horse corn fork or short oor: floor door
[ɔ] 发这个音的字母和字母组合o a
o: fox coffee dog shop dog doctor long a: watch
[u:] 发这个音的字母和字母组合o oo ui
o: do who whose oo: food moon too
ui: fruit juice u: ruler rude
[u]发这个音的字母和字母组合o oo u
o: woman wolf oo: look good book foot wood u: bull bullet
找出下列没有相同发音的词。
( ) ①moon food eat fruit
( ) ②true book wood look
( ) ③four small walk bird
( ) ④got clock shop shirt
( ) ⑤bus foot push book
( ) ⑥lost ball long ox
( ) ⑦ruler dog mooncake blue
( ) ⑧big ship horse it
音标[a:] [Λ] [æ] [e] 练习
[a:] 发这个音的字母和字母组合a ar au ear
a: grass glass class plant dance fast father last
ar: car star arm March garden dark scarf
au: laugh aunt ear: heart
[Λ] 发这个音的字母和字母组合o u oo ou
o: son come colour love money
u: sun nut jump gum bus brush supper us
ou: touch cousin country
[æ] 发这个音的字母和字母组合a
a: dad cap cat bad apple bag flag hand rabbit ant black fat has
[e] 发这个音的字母和字母组合e ea
e: egg bell desk leg pet ten pen
ea: bread head breakfast
选出下列没有相同发音的词。
( ) 1. car arm food garden
( ) 2. true jump bus cut
( ) 3. bag short map flag
( ) 4. egg pen head small
( ) 5. got clock bell dog
( ) 6. rabbit book wood foot
( ) 7. rat bat apple ten
( ) 8. gun star duck moneg
元音音标[ei] [ai] [ɔi] [au]练习
[ei] 发这个音的字母和字母组合a ai ay
a: cake make name game snake gate lazy
ai: rain train wait
ay:day May play taday way
[ai] 发这个音的字母和字母组合i y ie uy
i: kite bike nice tiger write knife
y: by cry fly my sky try why
ie: tie pie
uy: buy
[ai] 发这个音的字母和字母组合i y ie uy
i: kite bike nice tiger write knife
y: by cry fly my sky try why
ie: tie pie uy: buy

[ɔi] 发这个音的字母和字母组合oi oy
oi: oil boil coin oy: boy toy
[au] 发这个音的字母和字母组合ou ow
ou: house mouse mouth trousers
ow: flower cow how now down
选出下列没有发相同发音的词
( ) 1. cake egg rain May
( ) 2. kite cry broom fly
( ) 3. boy joy cat noise
( ) 4. blouse sun cow house
( ) 5. tower flower mouth arm
元音音标[әu] [iә] [eә] [uә]的练习
[әu] 发这个音的字母和字母组合o oa ow
o: nose rose poen over
oa: boat coat soap goat
ow:show window snow bowl
[iә] 发这个音的字母和字母组合ear eer
ear: ear hear tear eer: deer beer
[eә] 发这个音的字母和字母组合air ear
air: hair chair pair ear:pear bear wear
[uә] 发这个音的字母和字母组合oor our ure
oor: poor our: tour ure: sure pure
选出下列没有相同发音的词。
( ) 1. mouth coat goat window
( ) 2. dear beer cake teacher
( ) 3. pair boy air hare
( ) 4. poor tour Europe cry
( ) 5. boat bike side fly
辅音音标[p] [b] [t] [d]练习
[p] 发这个音的字母和字母组合p pp
p: piano panda parrot pet ship sheep pig stop pp: apple happy
[b] 发这个音的字母和字母组合b bb
b: book ball bird big boy bag banana bb:rubber rabbit cabbage
[t] 发这个音的字母和字母组合 t tt
t: table tea taxi cat rat fat ticket Tt: butter matter
[d] 发这个音的字母和字母组合d ed
d: duck seed door desk day red head bed read cold
ed: smiled opened played
选出下列没有相同发音的词
( ) 1. pear ship coat pig
( ) 2. taxi bean cab cabbage
( ) 3. hat sea ticket wallet
( ) 4. seed dance hand full
( ) 5. pick pen sit pineapple
( ) 6. cold find door chair
( ) 7. cloth purple pool push
( ) 8. eat fan quiet set
辅音音标[k] [g] [s] [z]学习
[k]发这个音的字母和字母组合c k ck
c: cap cook cup car can class
k: cook milk key desk kite cake
ck: clock sock cock neck
[g]发这个音的字母和字母组合g gg
g: glass golf get girl bag goat flag gg: egg
[s]发这个音的字母和字母组合s c ss ce
s: star sun snake sea see c: pencil city cedar ceiling celebrate
ss: grass glass class boss ce: face race rice nice
[z]发这个音的字母和字母组合z s se
z: zero zebra zoo s: bags photos sisters se: nose rose
将下列没有相同发音的词找出来
( ) 1. car stay neck clock
( ) 2. gas give drive bag
( ) 3. sea boss rice cook
( ) 4. lick zoo rose zero
( ) 5. tears freeze desk busy
辅音音标[∫] [3] [t∫] [d3]练习
[∫] 发这个音的字母和字母组合s sh
s: sugar sure sh: ship sheep wash cash shop she
[3]发这个音的字母和字母组合s
s: television, usually, Asia measure a garage, an unusual collision; a great decision; my pleasure
[t∫]发这个音的字母和字母组合ch tch
ch: teacher peach cherry chair tch: watch match
[d3]发这个音的字母和字母组合g j dge
g: ginger giraffe j: jump job jam ge: orange cabbage cage
选出下列具有相同发音的单词。
( )1. shell watch ship see
( ) 2. shell pleasure sick treasure
( )3. chair China Monkey dream
( )4. job gift door cabbage
( )5. grass chick start jeans
音标[f] [v] [θ] [ð]的练习
[f]发这个音的字母和字母组合f ff ph gh
f: five fan flower fish four leaf ff: giraffe
ph: phone elephant photo gh: laugh
[v]发这个音的字母和字母组合v ve
v: video vase vest ve: five love violin
[θ]发这个音的字母和字母组合th
th: three thin third teeth mouth
[ð]发这个音的字母和字母组合th
th: father mother brother clothes weather
将下列没有相同发音的词找出来
( ) 1. foot knife pick fish
( ) 2. window move vote vase
( ) 3. three fan thousand thin
( ) 4. father them brother watch
( ) 5. finish van fool fat
辅音音标［ts］[dz] [tr] [dr]的练习
[ts] 发这个音的字母和字母组合ts tes
ts: seats goats coats cats pets eats
tes: gates kites dates tastes
[dz] 发这个音的字母和字母组合ds des
ds: seeds woods friends birds beds des: rides
[tr] 发这个音的字母和字母组合tr
tr: tree truck trousers strawberry trick
[dr] 发这个音的字母和字母组合dr
dr: draw drink driver dragon dry
选出下列选项中具有相同发音的两个单词。
( ) 1. dream shoes drink popcorn
( ) 2. truck thirsty bath trash
( ) 3. beds pets words gates
( ) 4. birds boots rats friends
( ) 5.drug drain rain dish
辅音音标[h][r][l][m]的练习
[h]发这个音的字母和字母组合h wh
h: he her head heart hair ham
wh: who whose
[r] 发这个音的字母和字母组合r rr wr
r: rice room ride road rose
rr: mirror carrot parrot
wr: write wrong wrap
[l] 发这个音的字母和字母组合l ll
l: look light lock lucky lion tail
ll: ball pull dollar tell
[m] 发这个音的字母和字母组合m mb
m: mouth mouse milk monkey moon money mum
mb: climb comb thumb
音标[n] [η] [w] [j]的练习
[n]发这个音的字母和字母组合n kn gn
n: nose net nut banana noodles train rain plane down
kn: knee knife knock gn: sign

[η]发这个音的字母和字母组合n ng
n: ink bank tank finger
ng: sing hang song king reading running
[w]发这个音的字母和字母组合
w: winter window watch water well would
wh: white where which when why wheel whale
[j]发这个音的字母和字母组合y
y: yo-yo yogurt yard yes you your
写出单词或音标。
［nais］ [wɔt∫] [wɔ:tә] [bæηk] [riη] [ja:d] [jip] [net] bank think nose rain swing king
wet where what yard yes your
把下列单词用线连起来。
knee [hæη]
hang [ni:]
yolk [jәuk]
whale [iηk]
ink [weil]