人教版八年级上英语重难点.doc

人教版八年级上英语重难点2014 Unit1go on vacation去度假have a good time=have a wonderful time=have a great time=have fun=enjoy oneself玩的愉快 have fun doing sth做愉快feel like doing sth.想要做某事want to do sth.=would like to do sth.想要做某事find out查明take photos/take a photo/take pictures/take a picture拍照up and down上上下下sothat如此以至于tooto太而不能too much后加不可数名词，例如：too much water太多的水too many后加可数名词复数，例如：too many books太多的书much too加形容词或副词如：much too big太大stay at home呆在家里visit my uncle拜访我的叔叔visit museums参观博物馆go to Central Park去中央公园study for tests为测试而学习something interseting一些有趣的事情（something anything等不定代词放在形容词前last month上个月（week month year等词前有了this that last next等词后，前面不加任何介词）most of the time大多数时间buy sth. for sb.=buy sb. Sth.给某人买某物go swimming去游泳go skateboarding去进行滑板运动go camping去野营keep doing sth 保持不停做某事try to do sth尽力去做某事try doing sth.试着去做某事stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事stop doing停止正在做的这件事the home of the Chinese traders中国商人的家decide to do sth.决定去做某事enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事wait for sb.等待某人arrive in后加大地点arrive at后加小地点arrive in Beijing=get to Beijing=reach Beijing到达北京forget to do sth.忘记去做某事（事情没有做）forget doing sth忘记做过某事（事情已经做了，但是忘记了）remember to do sth.记着去做某事（事情还未做）remember doing sth.忘记做过某事，事情已做了，但是忘记了）in the tree不属于树本身on the tree属于树本身in front of 在外部的前面in the front of在内部的前面enough water=water enough足够的水（enough既可放在名词前，也可放在名词后）big enough足够大（enough放在形容词或副词之后）a little heavy=a bit heavy=a little bit heavy有点重a little water=a bit of water一点水seem加形容词“看起来”seem happy看起来幸福seem to do sth.好像做某事I seem to have a cold.我好像感冒了。Seem like好像It seems like a good idea.好像是个好主意。difference名词，不同点some difference一些不同点different形容词，不同的，常用词组，be different from与不同nothing but除之外什么也没有because后跟一个句子，例如I was late for school,because I got up late. 而because of 后跟一个短语，because of the bad weather因为这糟糕的天气句式：How do you like the book?=What do you think of the book?你觉得这本书怎么样？Did you go with anyone?你和别人一起去的吗？Why dont you go there?=Why not go there?为什么不去那里呢？Did you buy anything special? 你买特别的东西了吗？Everything tasted really good.所有东西尝起来都很好。Everything was excellent.一切都很好！Long time no see!很久未见！Unit2how often多久一次hardly ever几乎从不stay up late熬夜at least至少notat all一点也不more than多于less than少于once a week一周一次twice a week一周两次three times a week一周三次on weekends在周末watch TV看电视go to the movies去看电影read books看书your favorite program你最喜欢的节目be free=have time有空have piano lessons上钢琴课an apple tree一颗苹果树two apple trees两颗苹果树a woman teacher一位女老师two women teachers两位女老师a man teacher一位男老师two men teachers两位男老师help sb. to do sth.=help sb.with sth.帮某人做某事be good for对有好处be bad for对有坏处be good at =do well in擅长于做某事keep healthy保持健康my health我的健康eat healthily吃得健康eating habits饮食习惯go camping去野营go shopping去购物the most popular最受欢迎ask sb. to do sth.叫某人去做某事ask sb not to do sth.叫某人别去做某事ask sb. about sth.向某人询问某事tell sb. to do sth.告诉某人去做某事tell sb not to do sth.告诉某人别去做某事by doing sth.通过做某事start doing sth.开始做某事be afraid to do sth.害怕做某事eat hamburgers吃汉堡go to the dentist去看牙医the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方法one to three times a week一周一至三次old habits die hard积习难改the answer to the question问题的答案the key to the door门上的钥匙cross the road=go across the road横穿马路go through the window穿越窗户（从空间内部穿过）be full of=be filled with被装满spendon sth.=spend in doing sth.人做主语，某人花费多少金钱做某事pay for人做主语cost物做主,例如：Jim spent ten yuan on the book.=Jim spent ten yuan buying the book.=Jim paid ten yuan for the book.=The book cost Jim ten yuan.吉姆花费十元买这本书It took/takes sb. some time to do sth.花费某人多长时间做某事It took me two hours to do my homework yesterday.昨晚花费我两小时的时间做作业。although（虽然）不能与but(但是)用于同一句子because与so不能用于同一句子Its 加形容词for sb. to do sth.对于某人来说做某事是few几乎没有，表否定She has few friends, does she?而a few表有几个，表肯定，She has a few friends,doesnt she?同时，little表否定，几乎没有There is little water in the glass, is there? 而a little 表肯定，有一点。There is a little water in the glass,isnt there?反义疑问句主意一个原则“前肯后否，前否后肯”Whats your favorite program?=What program do you like best?你最喜欢什么节目？How comes?怎么回事？Here are the results与Here is the results.单复数取决于后面的名词Fifteen percent of the students exercise every day.百分之十五的学生每天都锻炼（百分数后面用单复数取决于后面的名词是单复数或者不可数）Fifteen percent of the water is bad.百分之十五的水变质了。I go to school by bike.=I ride my bike to school.我骑自行车去上学。Unit3care about关心，在意take care=be careful当心，小心take care of =look after照看，照顾as long as只要bring out使显现be the same as与一样in fact实际上be similar to与相似asas和一样中间用形容词或副词的原形as interesting as和一样有趣the most important最重要listen to music听音乐make me happy使我幸福make sb. do sth.让某人做某事be talented in擅长于做某事my favorite saying我最喜欢的名言get good grades取得好成绩Class Five,Grade Eight八年级五班call me at 5688668给我打电话5688668 information不可数much information许多信息the singing competition唱歌比赛be good with善于与相处laugh at嘲笑have fun doing sth做某事愉快enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事finish doing sth.完成做某事What about doing sth?做某事怎么样？be good at doing sth.擅长于做某事be like a mirror像一面镜子long straight hair长的直发more outgoing更外向more serious更稳重more loudly声音更大more hard-working 更努力sing well唱得好write carefully写的仔细（副词修饰动词）而sound taste feel smell look 等感官动词后需加形容词，例如：sound good听起来好make friends with sb.和某人交朋友two years ago两年前win指赢得比赛或奖品，例：win the match赢得比赛beat打败对手beat Li Ming打败李明too用于肯定句句尾also用于肯定句居中either用于否定句句尾形容词和副词的比较级最高级变化规则: 一、规则变化：1词尾-er，-est来构成tall taller tallest； 2) 以不发音的e结尾的单音词和少数以- le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st: nice nicer nicest 3) 以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母再加-er，-est ：big bigger biggest; hot hotter hottest 4) 以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加-er，-est ：busy busier busiest ；5其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more，most来构成比较级和最高级。 important - more important二、不规则变化 good/ well better best bad / ill worse worst much/many more most little less least I 构成: 形容词物体A + am / are / is + 形比 + than + 物体B. I am taller than you. He studies better than me.另：The more., the more.：越就越： The more you eat, the more you want.Both either neither用法 both意思是两者都，either意思是两者中的任何一个，neither意思是两者都不， 作主语时，可单独使用，也可以与of连用，其中both接谓语动词要求用复数形式；either，neither接谓语动词一般用单数形式，例如：Both are right.= Both of the answers are right.这两个答案都对。 Either(of them)is OK. (他们两个中)任何一个都行 On either side of the river there are a lot of trees.河的两边都有许多树。Neither boy is going there.两个男孩儿都不打算去那里。either. or.意思是或者或者，neither. nor.意思是既不也不， both. and.连接名词、代词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；neither. nor.谓语动词须与nor之后的名词保持一致；either. or.连接名词、代词作主语时，谓语动词要与最临近的主语保持一致。例如： Both she and I are going to do the cleaning.我和她两个都要做清洁工作。 Mike is both tall and handsome.迈克长得又高又帅。 Either you or I am wrong.不是你错，就是我错。Neither he nor I am right他和我都不对unit4One of the books其中的一本书movie theater电影院go to the movies/ go to the cinema /see a film 看电影close to离.近clothes store服装店so far到目前为止talent show 才艺表演around the world=in the world =all over the world全世界 and so on等等 be up to是.的职责，由.决定 not everybody并不是每个人 such as /for example例如 give sb. Sth.= give sth.to sb.给某人某物 in town在镇上 10 minutes by bus坐公共汽车10分钟的路程 more and more 越来越.in common共同play a role in在.方面发挥作用 make up编造故事等take.seriously 认真对待come true实现 the most comfortable seats 最舒适的坐位the best sound 最好的声音the most popular 最受欢迎the biggest screen最大的屏幕the shortest waiting time最短的等待时间 the best radio station最好的电台 the most expensive最昂贵 the most talented person最有天赋的人 the most creative最有创造力的 buy clothes the most cheaply最便宜地买到衣服 choose songs the most carefully最仔细地选择歌曲 sing the most beautifully最优美地演唱 a reporter一个记者 an actor一个男演员 an actress一个女演员 on Center Street在中心大街 take ones seat就座go to town 去镇上go to the city去城市 show their talents展示他们的才艺 a kind of一种 two kinds of两种 all kinds of各种各样的 different kinds of不同种类的 try to do sth.尽力去做某事 try doing sth. 尝试去做某事 finish doing sth.完成做某事 practice doing sth.练习做某事 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事have fun doing sth. 做某事有趣feel like doing sth.喜欢做某事 cant help doing sth.情不自禁做某事 cant stand doing sth.难以忍受做某事 mind doing sth.介意做某事 keep doing sth.保持不停做某事 like doing sth.喜欢做某事 be interested in doing sth.对做某事感兴趣 be good at doing sth. /do well in doing sth.擅长于做某事 thanks for doing sth.因.而感谢 better and bettre越来越好 the more,the better 越多越好more and more beautiful越来越漂亮 Its up to sb. to do由某人决定/是某人的职责 Its up to me to help you with English.帮你学习英语是我的职责How do you like the book?=What do you think of the book?你觉得这本书怎么样？ Unit5think of认为find out查明game show游戏节目go on=take place发生one of之一try ones best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事as famous as与一样有名have a discussion about就谈论such as例如for example例如dress up打扮do a good job干得好interesting information有趣的资料learn from向学习talk show谈话节目soap opera肥皂剧watch a movie看电影a pair of shoes一双鞋look like看起来像around the world全世界one day有一天（既可以表将来的某一天也可表示过去的某一天）some day(只表示将来的某一天)a symbol of.的象征take sb.s place代替something enjoyable令人愉快的东西let sb. do sth.让某人做某事plan to do sth.计划做某事hope to do sth.希望做某事wish to do sth.希望做某事wish sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事expect to do sth.盼望做某事be ready to do sth.乐于做某事how about =what about doing sth.?做怎么样？What do you think of talk shows?=How do you like talk shows?你认为谈话节目怎么样？I love watching them.我喜欢看它们。I dont mind them.我不介意它们。I cant stand them.我难以忍受它们。cant stand doing sth.难以忍受做某事I cant stand reading for a long time.我难以忍受读书很长时间mind doing sth.介意做某事Do you mind my opening the window?你介意我开窗户吗？around the world=all over the world=in the world全世界on show在展出show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb.展示给某人某物news新闻，不可数名词，a piece of news一条新闻let sb. do sth.让某人做某事sth. happen to sb.某人发生了某事sb. happen to do sth.某人碰巧做某事in the 1930s在20世纪30年代over=more than多余less than 少于relaxing/interesting/surprising/exciting等加ing的词，用于修饰物，relaxed/interested/surprised/excited等加ed的词，常用于修饰人。例如：Tom looks very relaxed after a relaxing vacation.在过了一个轻松的假期之后，汤姆看上去很放松。be famous for因而著名China is famous for the Great Wall.中国以长城而著名。be famous as作为某种身份而著名Lu Xun is famous as a writer.鲁迅作为一名作家的身份而著名。come out发行face dangers面对危险succeed动词“成功”He succeeded in finishing the work.他成功的完成了这项工作。success名词a big success一次大的成功successful形容词，成功的a successful man一位成功的男士successfully副词，成功地，修饰动词do the work successfully成功地做这项工作succeed in doing sth./have success in doing sth./be successful in doing sth./do sth. successfully成功做某事luck名词Good luck to you!祝你好运！lucky形容词a lucky boy一个幸运的男孩luckily副词，幸运地Luckily, he finished the work on time.幸运地是，他按时完成了那项工作。Unit6grow up长大be sure about对有把握sendto把送到the meaning of的意思in common共同write down写下tooto太而不能every day每天make sure确信，务必be able to能at the beginning of在初have something to do with与.有关have nothing to do with与.无关hardly ever几乎不want to do sth./would like to do sth.想要做某事practice doing sth.练习作某事learn to do sth.学会做某事promise to do sth.许诺去做某事remember to do sth.记着去做某事(事没做)remember doing sth.记得做过某事（事做了，还记得）forget to do sth.忘记去做某事（事没做）forget doing sth.忘记做过某事（事已经做了，但是忘记了）be going to后加动词原形can may must情态动词后加动词原形keep on doing sth.不断地做某事finish doing sth.做完某事help sb. to do sth.=help sb. with sth.帮某人做某事agree to do sth.同意做某事cook厨师cooker炊具an engineer一位工程师every day每天I read books every day.我每天读书。everyday形容词，每天的everyday English日常英语send sb.sth.=send sth. to sb.把送到send for派人去请get good grades取得好成绩get lots of exercise多锻炼do morning exercises做早操do eye exercises做眼保健操sound 自然界的各种声音voice嗓音noise噪音in common共同write it down把它写下write down their resolutions and plans for the coming year写下来年的决心和计划improve our lives改善我们的生活computer science计算机科学 computer programmer 计算机程序设计员worry about.担心write stories写故事write articles写文章of course当然 make sure确保，查明a cooking school 一所烹饪学校study education学习教育take singing lessons上歌唱课take acting lessons 上表演课learn to play the piano学弹钢琴make the soccer team 组建足球队eat healthier food 吃更健康的食物for this reason因为这个原因What do you want to be when you grow up?你长大以后打算做什么？I want to be a basketball player.我打算成为一名篮球运动员。How are you going to do that?你打算怎样去做呢？I am going to practice basketball every day.我打算每天练习篮球。Unit7on computers在电脑上on paper在纸上live to be 200 years old活到200岁free time空闲时间in danger处于危险之中in great danger处于极大危险之中on the earth在地球上on earth究竟play a part in sth.参与某事play a part in doing sth.参与做某事space station太空站look for寻找 computer programmer电脑编程员in the future在未来hundreds of数百the same as与一样over and over again反复的get bored感到厌烦的wake up醒来look like看起来像fall down倒塌two pieces of paper两张纸in 100years在一百年后in 20-50years在20到50年后 more pollution更多的污染less pollution更少的污染air pollution空气污染a book about flowres关于花的书a book on the history of China关于中国历史的书believe sb.相信某人believe in sb.信任某人even harder甚至更努力asas possible=asas one can尽可能的be able to do sth.能够做某事 in an apartment在公寓里make sb. do sth.使某人做某事make sb. +形容词 make me happy使某人处于某种状态 big and crowded大而且拥挤 talk to sb./talk with sb.和某人谈话talk about sth.谈论某事tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人去做某事tell sb. not to do sth.告诉某人别去做某事will后加动词原形 fewer/more+可数名词复数 更少/更多have to do sth.不得不做某事agree with sb.同意某人的意见take a holiday度假help sb. with sth. =help sb. to do sth. 帮某人做某事There is/are+sb.+doing sth.有正在做某事Its+形容词+ for sb. + to do sth.做某事对于某人来说是的so +形容词+a/an+单数可数名词=such+a/an +形容词+单数可数名词so beautiful a girl=such a beautiful girl如此漂亮的一个女孩seem like好像，似乎It seemed like a good idea.这好像是一个好主意。Seem to do sth.好像做某事I seem to have left my book at home.我好像把书丢在家里了。seem to be看起来好像She seem to be happy.他看起来好像很开心。There be 句型就近原则There is a book and two apples on the desk./There are two apples and a book on the desk.I think he is right.变否定句：I dont think he is right. Must you go now? Yes,I must./No,I neednt.Unit 8pourinto把.倒进cut up切碎cut down砍到one more thing还有一件事at this time在这时 fillwith用把装满be full of = be filled with装满one by one一个接一个turn on打开turn off关闭turn up调高turn down调低a cup of yogurt一杯酸奶 on Saturday在周六 coverwith用覆盖be covered with被覆盖 a lot of=lots of=plenty of后既可以加可数名词也可以加不可数名词give thanks for为表达谢意thanks for doing sth.因而感谢serve sb.sth.=serve sth.to sb.提供某人某物reason for的理由addto把加到上mix up混合在一起a piece of bread一片面包traditional food传统食物another ten minutes=ten more minutes再来10分钟peel bananas剥香蕉at a very high temperature以很高的温度need sth.需要某物need a book需要一本书need to do sth.需要做某事We need to help each other.我们需要互相帮助。shake hands with sb.和某人握手 Yunnan Rice Noodles云南过桥米线by doing sth.通过做某事FirstNextThenFinally首先接下来然后最后want to do sth.=would like do sth.想要做某事let sb. do sth.让某人做某事Unit 9on Saturday afternoon在周六下午have to不得不prepare for为做准备prepare to do sth.准备去做某事go to the doctor去看医生have the flu患感冒help my parents帮助我的父母come to the party来参加聚会meet my fri