研究生复试英语口语集锦.doc

研究生复试英语口语考试集锦08考研英语初试已经结束了一个多星期，但考研英语复习并未结束，幸运的考生还将考研复试中迎接听力复试的考验，万学海文考研辅导名师白洁建议考生利用复试准备的这段时间好好准备一下英语听力的训练。(一)音、义结合，突破语音关我国外语教学多年来对语言运用功能的重视不够，多围绕讲语法、练翻译进行，重视笔头，轻视听说，导致学生从初学外语开始就音、形、义分家，知其形、义，不知其发音的情况极为普遍。有的考生虽然有较大的词汇量、较清楚的语法结构概念，笔头能力达到了相当水平，但听力却停留在较低程度。他们有的人受地方音干扰发音不准，更多的人无法将语言的声音信息与其所代表的符号和其表达的意义联系起来，结果只能通过视觉来辨认和接收学得的语言知识，而无法通过听觉进行，因而造成“聋子英语”、“哑巴英语”。因此，要具备较强的听力理解能力，首先必须知道某一信息的正确的语音形式，要大胆开口说出来，大声朗读出来，能正确说出来的就不会听不懂。在说的过程中，要注意读音的准确性，有意识纠正自己的错误发音。如果自己发音不准，听懂地道的录音材料便无从谈起。因此，认识听与说的关系，打好语音基础，复习中注意辨音、音的同化(包括连读、失爆、弱读等)、重音以及英美语音差异等语音现象，是突破听力理解的第一关。(二)摆正听、读顺序，培养良好的听音习惯在外语学习过程中，学习者多数情况下都是先习得文字符号，从书面材料开始，通过视觉即阅读来接收、理解信息，即便是在输入音响信息时，脑子里也总是自觉不自觉地想着文字符号。这样久而久之就产生了对文字形式的依赖性，形成了本末倒置的不良听音习惯。考生在复习中切忌读后听音。先将听力材料读一遍，然后再听，表面上似乎听懂了，但实际上是读懂的，是靠脑子里储存的对阅读的记忆来理解音响信息的。照此下去，阅读非但不能帮助反而束缚和制约了听力的发展和提高。也切忌边听边读。听、读同时进行，似乎有助于听懂，但如果长期如此，会同样使听力陷入误区，即不能将大脑的思维活动集中在音响信息上，而是在听、读之间往返，听觉、视觉交替进行，导致精力分散，无法专心致志。因此笔者建议：一定要先听，即使一下子听不懂，也不要忙于看文字材料，这时再听第二遍、第三遍，如果还是听不懂，再求助于文字材料，但此时至少所听内容的语音形式已在你脑子里留下了一定的印象，甚至还能重复出来，借助于阅读使你理解了这些语音信息，一旦同样信息在另一种场合再现时，便不再成为难点，这才能达到阅读促进听力的目的。(三)边听边记，训练短期记忆能力听力复试题大部分都是非常具体的细节，音响信息瞬间即逝，有时单凭大脑记忆是不够的，需要强化记忆的内容必须随时笔录下来，对此我们建议考生：(1)练习听写，平时听录音时就要有意识地将关键信息写下来，一方面训练信息接受的准确性；另一方面培养短期记忆、正确拼写单词的能力。练习听写还能强制性地迫使自己全神贯注、积极思考。(2)学会用最简单、最省时、自己最熟悉的符号记录信息，只要自己能识别的，汉字、代码、符号什么都行。长单词可以暂记两三个字母，用箭头表示方位或发展方向等。总之，要有意识地训练自己的速记能力，借助于记录，使自己听得准，听得全，记住得多，回答得正确。(四)熟悉语义及语篇衔接词功能，把握信息走向在听音过程中，考生的思路要想跟上录音的意流，把握信息的走向，必须将注意力投放在识别某些信号词上，这对提高获取信息的效率起着至关重要的作用。所谓信号词，是指人们在交流过程中用来构架语句间、语段或语篇的脉络，以帮助他人理解或抓住说话人思路的逻辑关系衔接词。这些词按其功能分为：表示列举、增补关系的信号词，如and、in addition to、one more thing等；表示转折或对比关系的信号词，如although、 by contrast、as a matter of fact等；表示顺序或序列关系的信号词，如first、before、first of all等；表示解释或强调关系的信号词，如that is、in particular、I mean等；表示因果关系的信号词，如as a result、therefore、since等；表示归纳、结论性关系的信号词，如as a result、altogether、finally等；表示各种语义衔接关系的常用词句，如And now we will 、Id like to move o n to、now tell me等。掌握了上述信号词及其功能，考生就能意识到说话人先说什么、后说什么，什么时候转问题，即便是遇到生词或错过了一两句，也可以对上下文内容做出合乎逻辑的推测判断，保持思维的连贯性，更好地理解整个语段的内容。(五)增加文化背景知识，提高理解质量在听力复试中，考生有时觉得似乎听清了内容，却回答不出问题，这种理解上的障碍往往不是来自于语言本身，而是由于缺乏文化背景知识或知识面过窄，或不了解涉及某一领域常见词汇所造成的。因此，考生在备考时应广听、泛听，注意在阅读文章中汲取文化营养，注重背景知识的积累，有意识扩大知识面，不断完善自己的知识结构。掌握了文化背景知识，理解起来自然就轻松多了。当然，背景知识只能帮助却不能代替对语言的掌握，如果没有听懂语言本身，而单纯凭背景知识进行猜测，也是不可取的。(六)培养良好的心理素质，临场超水平发挥良好的心理素质也是听力理解取胜必备的因素。听力是中国考生的弱项，很多人缺乏自信心，对听力存有恐惧心理，未听先怕，以至于使本来就相对紧张的状态更加紧张。因此，考生应认识到，考场不仅有知识的拼搏，更有心理素质的考验，作好心理准备是语言因素之外的必备临考条件。我们建议考生复试前尽量放松，避免精神过度紧张；听时全神贯注、沉着应变，万一遇到没有听懂或漏听的情况，应及时稳定情绪，千万不要慌了手脚，或注意力长时间滞留，这时应遵循“丢卒保帅”的原则，及时转入后续内容。(七)选择合适的听力材料，精、泛结合，达到事半功倍的效果选择合适的听力训练材料，对于有效利用时间，少走弯路，在相对短的时间内提高听力水平也是一个重要因素。关于听力材料的选择，我们认为，应该从两方面考虑：一是难度适中，即从自己的实际水平出发，选择难易程度适合的材料。材料难度太大，会丧失信心、失去兴趣，产生恐惧感；过于简单，易盲目乐观、缺少压力，不利于提高。可以从三个方面把握难度：语速快慢；篇幅长短；题材和体裁。关于语速，笔者不赞成从慢速材料听起，而是强调坚持听正常速度的录音。可以在用词范围、篇幅及材料体裁、题材上降低难度，最好不要以牺牲语速来求得理解上的轻松。因为我们毕竟最终目的是要听懂自然语速的交流，况且流畅的语流可强制性刺激大脑快速反应，迫使听者全神贯注，专心致志。这样做最初考生可能感到不适应，听不懂，但多听几遍，连续听一段时间，就会有明显进步。二是录音材料的种类。现在市场上录音材料一种是教材中阅读课文的录音带，第二种是听力教材的录音带，属于专门用来训练听力技能的录音，其特点是，从练习语音开始，分步骤、按阶段、循序渐进、系统完整，既有讲解又有练习，还总结归纳方法技巧，并按题材分单元逐个训练，适于学生从低到高，由易到难，打好扎实的基础，逐步提高水平。上述任何一种材料都可以从某一个角度对考研听力起一定的作用，但都不能说与考研听力复试吻合，根本的还是应该从提高听力水平入手。复试中的口试要求从以下三个方面进行评价：1、语言准确性（语法和用词的准确性、语法结构的复杂性、词汇的丰富程度、发音的准确性）2、话语的长短和连贯性（内容的连贯性、寻找合适词语而造成的停顿频率及长短、表达思想的语言长短等）3、语言的灵活性和适合性（语言表达是否灵活、自然，话语是否得体，语言能否与语境、动能和目的相适应） 评价成绩为：a优秀-能用外语就指定的话题进行口头交流，基本没有困难b良好-能用外语就指定的题材进行口头交流，虽有些困难，但不影响交流c及格-能用外语就指定的话题进行简单的口头交流d不及格-不具有口头表达能力口试内容与结构 分为两部分，有两名教师参加口试工作，一名教师主持口试，随时与考生交谈并评分；另一名教师专事评分，不参与交谈。两名口试教师所给的分数各占口试成绩的50%。 第一部分：考查学生理解并回答有关日常生活、家庭、工作、学习等问题的能力（3分钟）。 第二部分：考查学生连续表达的能力。考生从所给你的问题中选择一个话题，就此话题表达自己的看法（3分钟）。口试用材料（部分,仅供参考） part Ainterlocutor(问话者)：-good morning. my name is ,and this is my colleague.he is just going to listening to us .are your name is.?-first of all, wed like to know sth. about you, so im going to ask some questions about yourself.(从以下各项问题中选择几个适当的问题提问考生)-hometownwhere are you from?how long have you lived there?how do you like it? why?do you live near here? where about?what do you think are the good points about living in this city?-familycould you tell us sth. about you family?what does your family usually do for the weekend?what do you think about living together with your parents?-leisuredo you have any hobbies?how did you become interested in the hobbies?-study/workwhy do you choose to study at our institute?why do you want to go to graduate school instead of finding a job?what are your favorite subjects?what kind of job did you do?have you ever worked during the vacation?why do you want to go back to study instead of going on with your work?what qualifications are needed in order to do your job well?what did you enjoy most about your campus life?-future planswhat do you expect to achieve during your study if you are enrolled into this institute?do you think english is important for your future plans? in what aspects is it important?part binterlocutor(问话者)：-now id like you to talk about sth. for about 3 minutes.here is a list of topics(将一组话题或问题递给学生)，pls read the topics and choose one from the list you like to talk about. youll have 5 minutes to prepare for your talk.(5 分钟后)could you tell me what you want to talk about? all right, youll have 3 minutes to give your talk. would you begin?(the interloculor may intervene only when necessary)topics/questions(只列举了一部分话题)-give your comment on the statement that “a part-time job is an important experience that every college student should have.”-use specific examples to set forth your views on the saying “haste makes waste”.-describe one of your own experiences to demonstrate that “nothing ever becomes real till it is experienced”-explain your understanding of the conventional belief that “age brings wisdom”-what are the current problems of college education? how to resolve them?-some people say there is no absolute truth because “truth” is defined by people and there is no objectivity whenever people are involved. does absolute truth exist or not ?why? 对策:1. 自我介绍(self-introduce) Good morning. I am glad to be here for this interview. First let me introduce myself. My name is *, 24. I come from *,the capital of *Province. I graduated from the * department of *University in July ,2001.In the past two years I have been prepareing for the postgraduate examination while I have been teaching *in NO.*middle School and I was a head-teacher of a class in junior grade two.Now all my hard work has got a result since I have a chance to be interview by you . I am open-minded ,quick in thought and very fond of history.In my spare time,I have broad interests like many other youngers.I like reading books, especially those about *.Frequently I exchange with other people by making comments in the forum on line.In addition ,during my college years,I was once a Net-bar technician.So, I have a comparative good command of network application.I am able to operate the computer well.I am skillful in searching for information in Internet.I am a football fan for years.Italian team is my favorite.Anyway,I feel great pity for our countrys team. I always believe that one will easily lag behind unless he keeps on learning .Of course, if I am given a chance to study * in this famous University,I will stare no effort to master a good command of advance *. 2.考研原因 (reasons for my choice)There are several reasons.I have been deeply impressed by the academic atmosphere when I came here last summer. In my opinion, as one of the most famous *in our country, it provide people with enough room to get further enrichment . This is the first reason. The second one is I am long for doing research in *throughout my life. Its a pleasure to be with my favorite *for lifetime. I suppose this is the most important factor in my decision. Thirdly, I learnt a lot from my *job during the past two years. However, I think further study is still urgent for me to realize self-value. Life is precious. It is necessary to seize any chance for self-development, especially in this competitive modern world. In a word, I am looking forward to making a solid foundation for future profession after two years study here. 3.研究生期间你的计划 (plans in the postgraduate study) First, I hope I can form systematic view of *. As for *, my express wish is to get a complete comprehension of the formation and development as well as *. If possible, I will go on with my study for doctorate degree. In a word, I am looking forward to making a solid foundation for future profession after two years study here. (简单了一些,望高手补充)4 .介绍你的家乡(about hometown) I am from Fuzhou, a famous city with a long history over 2,200 years. It is called “Rong Cheng ” because there were lots of banians even 900 years ago. The city lies in the eastern part of the province. It is the center of politics, economy and culture. Many celebrities were born here, for instance, Yanfu, Xie Bingxin, Lin Zexu and so on . . You know, there is a saying that “The greatness of a man lends a glory to a place”. I think the city really deserves it. The top three artware are Shoushan Stone, cattle-horn combs and bodiless lacquerware. In addition, it is famous for the hot springs. Theyare known for high-quality. Visitors athome and abroad feel it comfortable bathing here.There is my beloved hometown. 5.你的家庭(about family) There are four members in my family; my parents, my cute cat of 9 years old andme. My father is a technician in the Fujian TV station. He often goes out on business. So most of the housework is done by my industrious mom. Climbing at weekends is our common interest. The fresh air and natural beauty can help us get rid of tiredness. They can strengthen our relation, too.During my prepareing for coming here,my parentslove and support have always been my power.and I hope in future I wil be able to repay them. 6.你的大学(about university) *University is the oldest one in the province. It was founded in *and covers an area of over* mu. The building area is *square meters. It develops into a comprehensive university with efforts of generations, especially after the reform and opening up. It takes the lead among the *universities with nice teaching and scientific research ability. The library has a storage of *books. . various research institutes are set up including 52 research centers. There are teaching research experimental bases. For example, the computer center, analyzing-test center, modern education technical center and so on.关于录取复试时的口试问题： 口试去年一共分3部，总用时大概10分钟！ 1、自己准备一个introduction!要求脱稿说大约3分钟。 2、念一篇短文，是到试场以后临时抽题，大约有3分钟的时间提前先看一遍，难度不大！ 3、抽题-回答问题。要先念一遍问题，然后回答！ 全程录音，有A、B、C、D、E五个分值！ 所要说的是：大家应该先把自己的introduction提前准备好，趁这些天没有事情可做。还有就是看一看，抽到什么问题怎么回答！下面我把我的introduction给大家写一下吧！我口试只得了B，主要是因为最后那个问题没有回答好，对于introduction，老师们应该还是比较满意的！虽然很不好，但是为了大家，我就献丑了！不要扔鸡蛋啊！Good morning/afternoon,my dear teachers:my name is CC,23 years old,I graduated from XX University in 1999.I also have an English name.My English name is Stell,that means a star.I take stell as my English name because my Chinese nickname is BeiBei which means star in Chinese.I have many hobbies,I like music、chinese chess、sports、and I like English very much I improve my oral and listening ability by listen English songs and watch English movies.I passed CET6 this year.But I do think my English is not good enough,so I will do my best to study English. Thank you for your attention! 由于时间长了，记得也不是很清楚，错误再所难免，大家不要见怪啊！其实你如果introduction写的不多就可以念慢一点！这样就可以保证时间了，而且建议一定要自己写，这样自己说出来比较自然，关键是pronunciation!相信每一个口语老师都是最注重这一点的！另外，我抽到的题是：if you are millionaire,how to spend the money! 我考了两次口试，第一天是外语老师考的，她就是随便问，先都是最简单的东西，最后会有一个很难的问题，好象是关于时事的，让你发表自己的意见。第二天是我们所里的老师，让我用英语谈谈教育的观点！我当时口语考试是这样的，先是selfintroduction,然后抽题目演讲，我抽到的是，“交流能力对学术研究影响大吗？”，说完后，老师就随便问一些问题，主要是关于为什么报考我们学校，为什么选择这个专业，对桂林印象如何等。Good morning: My name is XX, you can also call me Eason,I has such an english name just because the pronunciation of it is like my chinese name. I graduated from this university last year(如果你是考本校的，这一句很重要，一开场就表明自己的身份，我们考的时候，老师拿到的名单只有名字，没有资料，他又不认识你，于是你必须自己说明), and major in computer science, I liked computer very much, especially in multimedia technology, and wanted to make some achievement in this field, but when I finished my school, I realized that what I had learned was not enough for this target, I thought it would be great if I can continue my interest in that, so that was why I choose to further my study with a master degree. Well, in my spare time, I like soccer, pop music, and stamp, being a soccer fan, I always show my love to Manchester United and Ryan Giggs is my favorite. I also like English very much, and had passed Band six this year, but I do think its still a long way to study it, so I wouldnt give up my English studying, and improve my oral and listening ability. So thats all, thank you.我记得当时我还说了其他的一些废话，但把他们写到上面的话，整篇文章就很不通顺和协调，但毕竟是口语，有多少就说多少吧。 先是一段自我介绍。大约3分钟的时间，我本来打好了稿子后来见了老师全忘记了，只好自我发挥了。后面是专业翻译。老师拿了一本外文专业原著，然后选出来一段让我翻译，简单的很。后面就没有什么了。中间老师都是用英语交流的。反正我想工科的不会太刁难人的。从2005年起研究生初试中英语取消听力，英语听力和口语的考查放到复试中进行，英语听力和口语的分值要记入总分，所以英语听力和口语测试是研究生复试中的重要组成部分。因此，考生在对专业课进行复试准备的同时也要抽出时间对英语口语和听力做认真的准备。英语的复试基本围绕听力和口语展开。良好的英语听说能力是复试成功的保证。复试中对英语的听说能力考查比较多，有时候也会涉及一些专业性的问题。导师也大都比较在意自己弟子的英语水平。自我感觉上线的考生要开始温习自己的英语听力和口语了。听力准备提前预热英语听力部分，大多数学校都以现有的成型考试为参考。考生在准备听力复试的过程中，对于现有的成熟英语考试的听力部分一定要重视，在复习时可以有针对性地做一些六级或托福听力或雅思听力的试题。如果觉得做题太枯燥，收听一下英语新闻，看看迪斯尼的动画片或者看看原声的英语大片，也是培养语感的好方法。听英语广播和看英语电影也是提高英语听力口语的好方法，在参加复试前这段有限的时间里要尽快熟悉与考试相近的内容。考生大都考过六级听力，并不陌生，而托福听力又是四六级听力命题的基础，熟悉了四六级和托福听力；英语复试问题就不算太大。总之，在这段宝贵的时间里，要赶快做点预热的准备，主要是做点听力题，找找做题的节奏和感觉。口语提前备话题对口语的考查，各个学校各不相同。有的学校制定了非常详细的标准和流程，甚至规定了每个老师发问的方式和时间；有的只是面试老师的自由发挥，成绩也基本上由面试老师主观判定。不管面试是否严格控制，考生对下面几个问题一定要认真准备：1、有关自我介绍的话题 有必要预先准备一些有关自己情况的话题，然后，找一个会英语的伙伴或朋友帮忙。如果周围没有适合的人选，也可以自己训练。有关这方面的训练要尽量达到流利的程度。 2、准备一些可谈论的话题 对有可能问到并展开的话题也要有所准备。考生事先阅读一些相关文章，积累一些有关词汇。一般来说，西方的面试官最感兴趣的话题是考生所在国家或地区的文化和风俗习惯，如气候特征,特色食品，婚庆习俗，重大节日，名胜古迹，休闲娱乐等。同时，考生也要关心社会上发生的大事和时事。最好经常阅读一些英文报刊和收听英语广播，或跟同伴及朋友一起讨论一些话题，这些都将有助于自己组织思想和练习表达的逻辑性。 3、准备用英语讲解自己专业口语测试时老师有可能要求你就本专业展开话题，考查你用英语讲解陌生概念的能力。因此熟悉本专业常用的英语词汇，适当阅读最新的专业外文期刊是必要的。从2005年起研究生初试中英语取消听力，英语听力和口语的考查放到复试中进行，英语听力和口语的分值要记入总分，所以英语听力和口语测试是研究生复试中的重要组成部分。因此，考生在对专业课进行复试准备的同时也要抽出时间对英语口语和听力做认真的准备。英语的复试基本围绕听力和口语展开。良好的英语听说能力是复试成功的保证。复试中对英语的听说能力考查比较多，有时候也会涉及一些专业性的问题。导师也大都比较在意自己弟子的英语水平。自我感觉上线的考生要开始温习自己的英语听力和口语了。六级听力命题的基础，熟悉了四六级和托福听力；英语复试问题就不算太大。总之，在这段宝贵的时间里，要赶快做点预热的准备，主要是做点听力题，找找做题的节奏和感觉。外经贸大学工商管理硕士全球顶尖师资,终身教育平台,培育全球化经济中领袖人物,热线:010- pesonel statement(introduction) Good morning,my dear teachers,my dear profe