四级词汇天天背.pdf

四公祠汇也要夭夭背该讲的都在六级的帖子里说了，这里就只提一点，我继续开始做四级 词汇，一是为了方便大家学习，二是让自己重新复习一遍四级词汇，我不 希望我的考试只是为了一张纸，我要么真正掌握英语，要么撤手不做。因为四级词汇较多，我一次录入量为三十个，根据你的情况对单词进 行主次归类，然后背诵，而对于考六级的同学，反复吃透这些常用词汇才 是真正之要义。H ave a good trip!第一天2003.02.14.abandonvt.抛弃，离弃The cruel man abandoned his wife and child.那个狠心的男人遗弃了妻儿。vt.放弃They had abandoned all hope.他们不再抱任何希望。考点abandon+doing sthabilityn.能力I do not doubt your ability to the work.我不怀疑你干这项工作 的能力。反inabilityaboardadv.在船（飞机、车）上Welcome aboard!欢迎各位搭乘本机（船）！adv.上船（飞机、车）prep.在船（飞机、车）上；上船（飞机、车）abroadadv.（在）国外，出国Do you like being abroad?你喜欢在国外生活吗？同overseaabsencen.缺乏，不在场；缺乏，没有in the absence of definite information 没有确切消息的情况同lack难点absence from 不在，缺乏in the absence of缺乏的情况下absentadj.缺乏，不在be absent from school 旷课adj.茫然的,absentminded恍惚的心不在焉的absoluteadj.绝对的,同complete absolutely纯粹的，完全的adv.完全地,绝对地absorbvt.吸收absorb knowledge 吸取知识同take invt.吸引的注意，使全神贯注考点be absorbed in全神贯注于abstractadj.抽象的反concreten.摘要，梗概an abstract of a speech 一篇演说的摘要同summaryabundantadj.丰富的，富有的，充裕的考点be abundant in 富于，富有abuse1 口口n.好马shower abuse on sb.大骂某人n.虐待；滥用an abuse of trust辜负别人的信任vt.辱骂;虐待同ill-treatvt.滥用Don t abuse your authority.不要滥用你的威信。academicadj.学院的，学术的；理论的The issue is academic.此问题过于注重理论。academyn.（高等）专科院校，学会，学院acceleratev.加速；促进|r speed upaccentn.口音，腔调a Cockney accent伦敦东区的口音n.重音acceptancen.接受，同意；承认，认可The proposal met with general acceptance.这个建议得到普遍的 认可。accessn.接近（或进入）的权利（方法或机会等）Only high officials had access to the Emperor.只有高级官员可 以接近皇帝。n.通道，入口同entrance难点have/gain access to可以获得（或接近）accidentaladj.偶然的，意外的；附带的 accommodationn.（pl.）住处，膳宿accompanyvt.陪伴，陪同H e was accompanied by his secretary.他有秘书随行。vt.伴随，和一起发生lightning accompanied with thunder 雷电交力口vt.为伴奏The singer was accompanied at the piano by Gerald Moore.该歌手山杰拉尔德穆尔钢琴伴奏。accomplishVt.完成，实现a man who will never accomplish anything.永远一事无成的人vt.达到（目的等）Can you accomplish your purpose?你能达到目的吗？accordn.一致，符合，协定v.一致，给与，符合accordancen.一致，和谐，符合难点in accordance with与 一致，按照，根据accordinglyadv.因此，于是；照着，相应地accountn.叙述，说明；帐，账户open an account 开户头vi.（for）说明（原因等）H is illness accounts for his absence.他因为生病，所以才缺席。难点settle one s account（with）结清欠账；（喻）报复on account of 由于，因此on no account决不（放句首时句子倒装）takeinto account对加以考虑account for说明的原因accountantn.会计（员），会计师accumulatev.积累，积聚同pile up;store upaccuracyn.准确，正确性RJ precisionn.精确度accurateadj.准确的，精确的同exact,preciseaccuseVt.控告，告发难点accuse sb.of sth.控告某人The police accused him of murder.警方指控他谋杀。accustomedadj.(to)习惯的，惯常的难点be/become accustomed to sb./sth.习惯于=be/become used to sb./sth.achievevt.完成，实现|n|accomplish,completevt.达到，得到同attain第二天2003.02.15.achievementn.完成，达到；成就，成绩acidadj.酸的，酸性的n.酸，酸性物质acknowledgevt.承认，答谢，报偿acquaintancen.熟人H e has a wide circle of acquaintance.他交际很广。n.从经验获得的知识，习知H e has some acquaintance with German.他略懂德文。难点make the acquaintance of sb.与某人相识have a bowing/nodding acquaintance with sb.与某人有点头之 交acquireVt.(由技术、能力、努力或行为而)获得、得到acquire a good knowledge of English 熟谙英文考点an acquire taste 嗜好acquisitionn.获得，习得，获得物second language acquisition 第二语言习得acren.英亩 action n.行动，行动过程；作用 难点bring/call sth.into action使起作用，使生效,使操作put/set sth.in action 实行，开动put sth.out of action使停止工作，使不适用take action开始行动,采取行动the action on 对.的作用activityn.活动、活性H is time of full activity is past.他充满活力的时期已经过去了。n.活动，所做或待做的事情My numerous activities leave me little leisure.繁多的事务使 我一点空闲也没有。actorn.男演员actressn.女演员actuallyadv.实际上adn.广告adaptv.（使）适应，（使）适合H e adapt himself to his new conditions.他适应了新的环境。v.改编，改写The book is adapted to the needs of beginners.本书经过改写以 适合初学者的需要。难点adapt.to,adapt to 适应，适合.additionn.力口，加法；附加物难点in addition另外，加之in addition to 除.之外additionaladj.附加的，另外的adequateadj.足够的，充分的$10 a week is not adequate to support a family.十美元一周不足以维持一个家庭。反inadequateadjectiven.形容词 adjust vt.调整，调节The body adjusts itself to change in temperature.身体能自行调节以适应气温变化。同adaptn.校正，校准adjust the errors 校正错误adjust the meters 校正仪表administrationn.（事务，尤指公共事务，国家政策等）管理，经营；行政机关，局 Successive Administrations failed to solve the country,s problems.历届政府未能解决该国的问题。admissionn.准许进入，准许加入Admission free.不收门票。n.承认，供认by/on his own admission如他自己所承认的admitv.承认，供认I admitted my mistake.我承认我的错误。I admitted to feeling ashamed of my conduct.我承认我对自己的 行为感到惭愧。|n|acknowledge;confessn.准许.进入，准许.加入Only one hundred boys are admitted to the school each year.该校每年只收一百名男生。难点承认，供认.admit sth.admit to doing sth.admit doing sth.adoptvt.采用，采纳European dress has been adopted by people in many parts of the world.欧洲服饰为世界许多地方的人们所采用。考点adopted作前置定语意为“收养的”，作后置定语为“采纳的”adopted children收养的孩子methods adopted采用的方法adultn,成年人同grown-upadj.成年的，成熟的|r|matureadvancedadj.先进的，高级的advantagen.优点，有利条件The school has many advantages.这学校具有很多优点。同superiorityn.利益，好处H e gained little advantage from his visit to Landon.他游历伦敦获益甚少。难点gain/have an advantage over 优于，胜过in advantage of 利用，乘.之机take advantage of 趁机利用We should take advantage of these good conditions.我们应充分利用这些良好的条件。adventuren.奇遇；冒险adverbn.副词advertisementn.广告；做广告，登广告advisablen.优点，有利条件adj.明智的，可取的难点It is advisable that.+should do（表示虚拟）aeroplanen.飞机同airplane affectv.影响The climate affected the amount of the rainfall.气候影响了雨量。v.打动，感动The audience was deeply affected.听众深受感动。affectionn.爱；感情难点have an affection for/towards sb.喜爱某人 affordvt.负担得起，I cannot afford the expense.我花不起这笔费用。vt.供给，给予难点cant afford to do sthafford sb.sth提供某人某物afterwardsadv.以后，后来I did not remember the answer until afterwards.到后来我才想起答案。同after第三天2003.02.16.agencyn.代理（处），代办处agentn.代理人，代理商a general agent 总代理商 law agent法律顾问 a secret agent 密探My agent has power to sign my name.我的代理人有权代我签字。n.经纪人house agent房产经纪人n.作用者；作用物；动因Rain and sun are the agents that help plants to grow.雨水和太阳是促使植物成长的因素。aggressiveadj.侵略的，好斗的；敢做敢为的，有进取心的 agreementn.同意、一致We are in agreement on that point.在那一点上我们意见一致。|r harmony n.协定，协议come to an agreement with sb.与某人达成协议考点in agreement with 同意 aidn.援助，救护同supportn.助手，辅助物vt.帮助，援助H e came to aid me to buy this box.他来帮我买下箱子。aircraftn.（单复数同型）飞机，飞行器 airlinen.（飞机的）航线；航空公司 airplanen.飞机 alarmn.警报，报警器；惊慌 vt.使警觉；使惊恐 Don t alarm yourself.不要惊慌。vt.向报警 alcohol n.酒精，乙醇 同liquor,spirits alikeadj.相同的，相像的The two brothers are very much alike.这两兄弟非常相像。alloy n.合金 alloy steel 合金钢 v.使成合金，搀和 alphabet n.字母表 altervt.改变，变更The nuclear structure is altered.核结构发生了变化。alternativen.供选择的东西；取舍，抉择 adj.两者择一的；供选择的 altituden.高度，海拔同height;elevation aluminium/aluminum n.铝 amazevt.使惊奇；使惊愕，使惊叹|h|surprise;astonish ambitionn.雄心，抱负；野心A boy who fills ambition usually works hard.一个胸怀大志的男 孩通常很用功。ambulance n.救护车amountvi.(to)合计，共计H is debt amount to$5000.他的债务共达 5000 美元。同add up(to);number;totalvi.等同，接近What he said amount to nothing.他的话不重要。|n|correspond(to);equal;(be)equal(to)amusevt.给以消遣，给以娱乐We amused ourselves with the cat while we waited.我们在等待 时以逗猫为乐。同entertain.analysisn.(pl.)analyses 分析，分解Chemical analysis of water yields hydrogen and oxygen.水经化学分解会产生氢和氧。n.分析结果in the final analysis 归根到底analysevt.分析，分解It was analysed by a strain energy method.这是用应变能力方法解决的。ancestorn.祖宗，祖先；动物品种的原型；(法律)被继承人anchorn.锚，锚状物cast(drop)anchor 抛锚vi.抛锚The ship anchored in the harbor.这条船在港口抛锚。ancientadj.古代的，古老的anglen.角，角度；观点，看法What angle are you writing this story?你是从何种观点写这故 事？h|viewpoint难点at the angle(of,)从角度an acute(a sharp)angle 锐角a right angle 直角an obtuse angle 钝角anklen.踝，踝关节hurt one s left ankle at broad jump 跳远时伤了左踝 announcern.报幕员，播音员第四天2003.02.17.annoyvt.使烦恼，使生气She is annoyed at his question.她对他的质问感到恼怒。vt.打搅同botherannualadj.每年的，年度的n.年鉴antn.蚂蚁anticipatevt.预料，期望We don t anticipate much trouble.我们不希望有太多的麻烦。|r foresee,expect难点anticipate+doinganxietyn.焦虑，担心；渴望，担忧同eagerness难点anxiety to see himanyhowadv.无论如何，不管怎样Anyhow I must finish this work today.我今天必须完成这项工作。adv.不论用何种方法 anywayadv.无论如何，不管怎样|r anyhowapartadv.分开，分离The pages are stuck together and I can t pull them apart.这几页粘在一起。adv.相隔，相距They are a thousand miles apart.他们相隔 1000 英里。adv.除去，撇开（与from连用）Wood and coal have been man s primary sources of energy apart from direct solar heat.除去直接的太阳热以外，木材和煤一直是人类的主要能源。apartmentn.房间；一套公寓房间同flatapologizevt.道歉，认错难点apologize to sb.for sth,为向某人道歉apologyn.道歉，认错难点make/offer apology to sb.for sth.为某事向某人道歉express one s apology 表示歉意present one s apology 致以歉意apparatusn.器械，器具，设备|requipment,appliance,tackleapparentadj.表面上的,同seeming 反actualadj.显然的，明明白白的|h|evident,obviousappealvi.呼吁，恳求The prisoner appealed to the judge for mercy.囚犯恳求法官开恩。同pleadvi.申诉appeal against a decision 不服判决而上诉vi.(to)诉诸，求助同resortvi.吸引Do these paintings appeal to you?你对这些画感兴趣吗？|hJ attractn.呼吁，要求同plean.申诉；吸引力同attraction难点appeal to sb.for sth.为某事向某人呼吁appeal to sb.to do sth.呼吁某人做某事appeal to sb.对某人有吸引力make an appeal for 恳求appearancen.出现，露面make one,s first appearance 初次登台n.外观，外貌难点keep up appearance顾全面子，撑场面 in appearance外表上看起来 appetiten.食欲，胃口；欲望同desire难点have an appetite for 对有欲望appliancen.器具，器械，装置applicableadj,适当的，合适的，可应用的happropriate,suitable难点be applicable to sth./doing sth.适合于，适应于 applicationn.申请，申请表；应用，实施 难点(make an)application to sb.for sth.向某人提出申请 application of sth.to sth.至的应用applyv.申请，请求apply to the Consul for a visa 向领事申请签证v.应用，运用，适用We can apply his findings in new developments.我们可将他的调 查结果应用于新开发中。难点apply to sb.for sth.向某人申请apply sth to sth.将应用于apply oneself(one s mind/one,s energies)to(doing)sth.全 神贯注与appointvt.约会，指定；任命，委托They appointed him director of the office.他们委任他为办公室 主任。难点appoint sb.(to be)+职务appointmentn.约会，预定keep(break)an appointment 践(违)约n.职位；任命，选派appreciatevt.感激，感谢I deeply appreciate your kindness.我深深地感谢你的好意。vt.正确评价appreciate sth.by a high standard 以高标准鉴赏某物vt.欣赏难点appreciate(one s)doingapproachn.途径，方法all the approach to the top of the hill 通往山顶的所有通道n.接近 by easy of approach 容易接近vt.靠近，接近I saw a figure approaching me.我看见一个人影朝我走来。vt.探讨vt.向靠近；与打交道approach sb.on sth.为某事与某人打交道难点appropriate for/to sth.对。适当的；适合于的approvaln.赞同，同意Do not lightly or disapproval别轻易表示赞同或反对 n.批准，审定，通过H e gave his approval to the plan.他批准了这项计划。approvev.批准，通过approve a project 扑匕准方案同agree officiallyv.赞同，同意They approved of my decision.他们赞成我的决定。难点approve sth.批准approve of sth.赞同，同意approve of sb.doingapproximateadj.近似的，大约的vi.(to)近似，接近H is description of the event approximated to the truth.他对于这件事的描述很接近于事实。难点be approximate to sth.接近于的approximate to sth.近似,，接近arbitraryadj.任意的，随心所欲的；专横的，专断的 architecturen.建筑学，建筑术；建筑式样，建筑风格第五天2003.02.18.arguevt.辩论,争论We are arguing with each other about the justice of the war.我们正在争论这场战争的正义性.vi.辩论,争论;说服考点argue with(against)sb.About(on)sth.与某人辩论某事 argue against(for)为反对(或赞成)而辩论argumentn.辩论;论点；论据，理由 arise（arose;arisen）vi.出现A new problem has arisen.出现了新问题.vi.升起,起来（与from连用）Accidents arose from carelessness.事故产生了疏忽.arithmetic n.算术 arouse vt.引起，激起，唤起H is sufferings aroused out sympathy.他的痛苦引起我们的同情.vt.唤醒|n|awaken 难点 arouse sb.from,从中唤醒某人 arouse sb.to do sth.唤起某人做 arrangev.安排，准备工作I have arranged for a car to meet you at the airport.我已备 妥一部汽车到飞机场来接你.v.整理，排列，布置She s good at arranging flowers.她擅长插花.难点arrange for sb./sth.to do sth.安排 arrangementn.整理,排列；（常用复数）布置,安排 to make arrangement for做好的准备 arrestv.逮捕,拘留;抑制 n.逮捕,拘留；阻止 难点arrest sb.for因而逮捕某人arrest sb.on a charge of,以罪而逮捕某人 arrivaln.到来，到达They signed in the arrival upon a sheet.他们在一张纸上签到.n.到达的人或物arrown.箭;箭头符号artificialadj.人工的，人造的;虚假的，做作的难点artificial rainfall（respiration）人工降雨artificial insemination（selection）人工授精（选择）artificial fiber（silk）人造纤维（丝）artistn.艺术家，美术家artisticadj.艺术（家）的ashn.（pl.）灰，灰末burn sth.to ashes把某物烧成灰烬;骨灰，遗骨Asianadj.亚洲的，亚洲人的n.亚洲人asideadv.在旁边,至U（或向）一边考点aside from=apart from除以外（还有）aspectn.样子,外表,面貌We become afraid of a man with a serious aspect.我们害怕外貌严肃的人.n.方面，方位We should consider a problem in all its aspect.我们应该全面地考虑问题.assemblev.集合，调集The pupils were assembled in the school hall.学生们在学校礼 堂集合.v.组装，装配assemble a watch 装配手表assemblyn.集合，集会freedom of speech and assembly 言论和集会的自由the U.N.General Assembly 联合国大会n.装配assessvt.估价,评价They assessed the house at 15,000 Yuan.他们给房子估价为 15,000 元.vt.征收assignvt.指派,选派Two pupils were assigned to sweep the classroom.两个学生被指 派打扫教室.vt.分配，布置（作业）The teacher assigned homework to pupils.老师给学生布置家庭作 业.vt.指定（时间、地点等）H as a day been assigned for the trial?审讯日期是否已定？难点assign sth.to sb./sth.把分配给assign sb.to sth./to do sth.指派某人做assignmentn.（分派的）任务，（指定的）作业同taskn.分配，指派assistvt.援助，协助，帮助assistancen.帮助，援助同help难点give/lend/render assistance to sb.=come to sb.s assistance=be of assistance to sb.帮助,援助某人associatevt.使发生联系,把与联合在一起I always associate that song with my visit to H awaii.听到那首歌我就联想到我的夏威夷之行.同connectvi.交往,结合Never associate with bad companions 别和坏人交往.n.伙伴，同事,合伙人adj.副的associate professor 副教授难点associate with 把。与联合在起=link to/relate to（with）/combine with/connect withassociate with与交往（合伙）associationn.协会，社团freedom of speech,press,assembly and association 言论，出 版,集会和结社的自山n.联系，交往assumevt.假定，设想assume a statement to be correct 假定一种说法是正确的vt.承担assume office 就职vt.采取，呈现assume a look of innocence装出一副无辜的神情难点assuming that（引导条件状语从句）假如assurevt.使确信，使放心H e assured me that the repairs would be finished tomorrow.他 告诉我修理工作明天一定结束.|rJ convincevt.保证，保障难点assure sb.of使某人相信，向某人保证astonishvt.使惊讶，使吃惊The news astonished everybody.这消息令每个人感到惊愕.难点astonishing令人惊讶的 astonished(被动意义)受惊的 astronaut n.宇航员第六天2003.02.19.athleten.运动员，体育家 Atlanticadj.大西洋的n.(the)大西洋的 atmospheren.空气；大气，大气层；气氛,环境;大气压 atomn.原子；微量blow sth.to atoms把某物炸得粉碎 atomicadj.原子的，原子能的 attachvt.贴上，系上attach a bell to a bike在自行车上装个铃 vt.使依附，使隶属a worker s college attached to a plant 附属于工厂的工人大学 vt.使依恋，使喜爱难点be attached to附属于;爱慕attach importance to 重视 attainvt.达到，获得attain one s hopes 实现其希望 同gain,accompl ishvi.(to)到达，达到 attain to perfection 到达完美 同reach,arrive atattemptvt.试图，努力，尝试 同endeavorn.企图，努力，试图难点make an attempt at doing(=to do)sth.试图做某事 名词attempt后常用不定式做定语.H is attempt to escape is fail.他尝试着逃跑，却失败了.attentiveadj.注意的，当心的,聚精会神的 attituden.姿态H e stood there is a threatening attitude.他以威胁的姿态站在 那里.同positionn.意见,看法What is your attitude towards this question?你对这问题的态 度如何？难点态度之后用to或towardsattitude towards criticism 对批评的态度“姿势”之后用ofattitude of flight 飞行姿态 attractvt.吸引Like attracts like.物以类聚.Vt.引起(注意，兴趣等)，诱惑H e was irresistibly attracted by the beauty of the lake.他情 不自禁地被湖上的美景迷住了.attractionn.吸引 同appeal n.吸引人的事物；(物理上的)引力 attractiveadj.有吸引力的；引起兴趣的;有魅力的 attributevt.(to)把归因于，把归咎于H e attributes his success to hard work.他认为他的成功是努力 工作的结果.n.属性，特性同quality,character难点 attribute to sb./sth.把归因于 audiencen.听众，观众；读者；接见，谒见The Premier granted an audience to the ambassador.总理接见大使.authorn.作家，作者；同writer;创始人authorityn.权威，威信，权力Who gives you authority to do this?谁授权你做这件事？n.职权，权限by the authority of 承蒙许可n.（用复数）当局the government authorities 政府当局auton.汽车automaticadj.自动的The heating system here has an automatic temperature control.此处的暖气系统有自动化的温度控制.adj.无意识的automobilen.汽车,机动车the automobi le industry 汽车工业auxiliaryadj.辅助的，补助的an auxiliary verb 助动词 available adj,可用的，可得到的These data are readily available.这些资料易于得到.adj.通用的，有效的The ticket is available on the day of issue.此票仅发行当天有avenuen.林荫路，大街；途径，手段Books are avenues to knowledge.书是通向知识的道路.averagen.平均数，平均同meanadj.平均的；同meanadj.平常的，普通的同ordinary,usualv.平均The rainfall averages 36 inches a year.雨量平均每年达 36 英寸.难点on(an/the)average平均而言，根据平均标准 avoidvt.避免，回避We only just avoided an accident.我们幸免于一场灾祸.vt.躲开难点avoid+doingavoid being seenawaitvt.等候，期待I await your answer.我等候你的答复.难点await sb./sth.=wait for sb./sth.等候某人(某事)awardvt.授予，给与，判给award prize to sb.授奖于某人n.奖，奖品the first award 一等奖n.判决难点award sb.sth.=award sth.to sb.awareadj.(用作表语)知道的,意识到的(of);认识的难点be aware of 意识至Iawfuladj.令人畏惧的The pain is awful.疼痛得可怕.adj.极坏的;