资源描述
代 詞
(一)人稱代詞
一、概念
人稱代詞是表示我、你、他/她/它、我們、你們和(他/她/它)們的詞。人稱代詞有人稱、格和數的變化,具體見下表:
數
格
人
稱
單 數
複 數
主 格
賓 格
主 格
賓 格
第一人稱
I
me
we
us
第二人稱
you
you
you
you
第三人稱
he
him
they
them
she
her
it
it
二、人稱代詞的用法
1.一般情況下,人稱代詞的主格作主語,放在句子的開頭。
I am a teacher. 我是一名教師。(I是主語)
You are 10 years old. 你10歲了。(You 是主語)
He is my friend. 他是我的朋友。(He是主語)
It is hot today. 今天天氣熱。(It是主語)
2.賓格作賓語,通常放在動詞,如:let, like, help,give,ask等的後面;或介詞,如:for, to, of,at等的後面。
Let’s go .(let’s =let us)
Can you help me?你能幫我嗎?(me是賓語)
The cake is for you. 這個蛋糕是給你的。(you是賓語)
在簡短對話中,當人稱代詞單獨使用或用在not後,多用賓格。
---I like English.---Me too.
---Who broke the window?---Me.(me作表語= It's me.)
Why not me?(為什麼不是我?)
3.作表語,口語中常用賓格
---Who is that?---It's me. 是誰啊?是我。(me是表語)
三、注意
1.人稱代詞I無論放在句首、句中或句尾,都要大寫。
2.人稱代詞she除了指女性“她”之外,還可以指祖國、月亮等擬人的東西。表示一種親密或愛撫的感情。
如:I love my country. She is great.
The moon is in the sky. She is round and bright.
四、It的特殊用法
1.一般情況下,it表示人以外的動物和東西,是單數名詞的代詞,譯為“它”。
Where is your car?It is over there. 你的小汽車在哪兒?(它)在那邊。
2.但在表示天氣、時間、距離等時,用it來代替,此時的it,並不譯為“它”。
1)指天氣:It is sunny today. 今天陽光燦爛。
2)指氣候:It's cold in this room. 這個房間很冷。
3)指時間:What time is it?It's six thirty. 幾點了?六點半了。
4)指距離:How far is it from here to the park? 從這兒到公園有多遠?It's about two miles. 大約是二英里。
3.“ it ” 有時也可指人。
It's me. Open the door, please.
五、並列人稱代詞的排列順序:
1、單數人稱代詞並列作主語時,其順序為:第二人稱→第三人稱→第→人稱
如:you,he,and I
2、複數人稱代詞並列作主語時,其順序為:第一人稱→第二人稱→第三人稱
we→you→they
★注意:如果是做錯事,承擔責任時,說話的人把I放在第一位。
Who broke the window?誰打碎了玻璃?I and Li Ming.我和李明.
(二)物主代詞
表示所有關係的代詞叫做物主代詞,也可叫做代詞所有格。物主代詞分形容性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞二種,物主代詞也有人稱和數的變化,見下表:
數
人稱
類別
單數
複數
第一
人稱
第二
人稱
第三
人稱
第一
人稱
第二
人稱
第三
人稱
形容詞性物主代詞
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
名詞性物主代詞
mine
yours
his
hers
its
ours
yours
theirs
漢語
我的
你的
他的
她的
它的
我們的
你們的
他(她、它)們的
形容詞性物主代詞(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+名詞,表示是屬於誰的東西。
如:I love my country.
而名詞性物主代詞(mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs則相單于對應的形容詞性物主代詞+名詞,故其後不必加名詞。如:
Is this your book? No, it isn’t,it’s hers(her book) /Jim’s /Tom’s/Maria’s
This is her book. = This book is hers.
(三)指示代詞
表示“這個”、“那個”、“這些”、“那些”等指示概念的代詞叫做指示代詞。指示代詞有this,that,these,those等。
this(複數形式是these),是指在時間上或空間上離說話人較近的人或物。
that(複數形式是those),是指在時間上或空間上離說話人較遠的人或物。
This girl is Mary. Those men are my teachers.
I am busy these days. (我這些日子很忙。)
That is a red car.
What do you like? I like this.
(四)反身代詞
反身代詞是表示我自己,你自己,他自己,我們自己,你們自己,他們自己等的詞。
第一人稱
第二人稱
第三人稱
第三人稱
第三人稱
單數
myself
yourself
himself
herself
itself
複數
ourselves
yourselves
themselves
themselves
themselves
如: She was talking to herself. 她自言自語。
I am teaching myself computer. 我自學電腦。
Take good care of yourself. 把自己照顧好。
You should ask the children themselves. 你應該問一問孩子們自己。
Enjoy yourself.玩的愉快。
人稱代詞口訣:I 是主格 me 是賓,請你一定記在心;主格用在動詞前,動詞介詞後用賓。 you 是主格,也是賓,; he 是主格 him 是賓, she 是主格 her 是賓, it 是主格,也是賓, we 是主格 us 是賓, you 是主格,也是賓, they 是主格 them 是賓。
相關練習題
一、填寫下麵的表格。
格
性
數
人
稱
主格
賓格
形容詞性物主代詞
名詞性物主代詞
第一人稱
單數
I
my
複數
us
ours
第二人稱
單數
you
your
yours
複數
you
第三人稱
單數
him
his
she
her
it
its
複數
them
二、用人稱代詞代替下單詞或片語。
7
1.Mike
2.Mr White
3.Tom and I
4.Joan and John
5.My father
6.the rabbit
7.Miss White
8.Kate,Tim and I
9.Joan’s mother
10.their brother
三、選詞填空。
1. ________ will spend the summer holiday in Hawaii.
A. She, you and I B. You, she and I C. I, you and she D. Her, me and you
2. My uncle bought a new bike for ________.
A. theirs B. they C. me D. I
3. She is a student, _____ name is Julia.
A. its B. her C. hers D. his
4. Could you help _____ with _______ English, please.
A. I, my B. me, me C. me, my D. my, I
5. A friend of _____ came here yesterday.
A. my B. his C. him D. himself
6. ______ pencil-box is beautiful. But ____ is more beautiful than ______.
A. Toms, my, he B. Tom's, mine, his C. Tom's, mine, him D. Tom's, my, his
7. Most of ______like Chinese food.
A. they B. Their C. Them D. theirs
8. Don't you let ____ help you ?
A. I and my friend B. my friend and I C. my friend and me D. my friend and I to
9. She gave the erasers to Lucy and _______ .
A. I B. me C. my D. mine
10. That's not ______, it is_______. I made it ______ .
A. ours, mine, myself B. your, mine, myself C. yours, her, myself D. yours, my, myself
四、選出括弧中正確的詞,在正確的詞上打勾。
1. This is(my / I)mother. 2. Nice to meet (your / you).
3. (He/ His )name is Mark. 4. What’s(she / her )name?
5. Excuse(me / my / I). 6. Are(your / you)Miss Li?
7. (I/ My)am Ben. 8. (She / Her)is my sister.
9. Fine , thank (your / you ). 10. How old is (he / his)
五、根據中文提示,用代詞的適當形式填空。
1、There is a new dress for ______(他的)siter.
2、This is ______(我的)wallet. ______ (我的) is red.
3、Whose ______calculators are these? ______(他們) are ours (我們的)
4、Give ______(她 ) a toy, please.
5、______你們的) eyes are black. ______(你們) come from Japan.
6、Tim and Bill are twins. ______(他們)are from England.
Show ______ (他們)around ______ (我們的)school.
7、Give the book to ______(我).
8._______(他的) chair is blue. _____________( 我們的) is yellow.
9._______(我們的) classroom is big.__________( 你們的) is small.
10._______(他) often plays basketball after school.
五、用代詞的適當形式填空。
1.There is a letter for ________ (her 、hers) mother.
2.That is _____ (she ) coat. The coat is red. ______ (its)is a new one.
3.Whose pens are these? _______(their) are ______ (we).
4.Give _______(he) a toy, please.
5.________(we) eyes are black. _______ (us) come from Japan.
6.Tim and Bill are twins. _______ (their)are from England. _________ (them) parents are teachers in the No.6 Middle School.
7.Give the book to __________(I ).
8.These books are __________(we).
9.That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I )
10.The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she )
11.Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I )
12._______ is my brother. _________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are ______.( he )
13.I can find my toy, but where’s _________? ( you )
14.Show _________ your kite, OK? (they)
15.I have a beautiful cat. _______ name is Mimi. These cakes are _______. ( it )
16. _______ is my aunt. Do you know ________ job? ________ is a nurse. ( she )
17.That is not _________ camera. _________is at home. ( he )
18.Where are ________ ? I can’t find _________. Let’s call _________ parents. ( they )
19. _________ don’t know her name. Would you please tell _________. ( we )
20.These are ______ ( he ) brothers.2. That is _______( she ) sister.
21. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister.4. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary.
22. Now _____________(her parent) are in America.
23. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students.
24. Do you know ______ ( it ) name?
25. Thanks for helping ________( I ).
26. ______(Ann)mother is ______(we) teacher.
27. Mike and Tom __________ ( be ) friends.
28. That is not______ kite.That kite is very small, but ______ is very big. ( I )
29. The dress is______. Give it to ______. ( she )
30. Is this______watch? (you) No, it's not ______. ( I )
31. ______ is my brother. ______ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps(郵票) are _____. ( he )
32. ______dresses are red. (we) What colour are ______? ( you )
33. Here are many dolls, which one is______ ? ( she )
34. I can find my toy,but where’s ______ (you)?
35. Show ______ your kite, OK? (they)
36. I have a beautiful cat. ______ name is Mimi.These cakes are______. ( it )
37. Are these ______ tickets? No, ______ are not theirs. ______ aren't here. ( they )
38. Shall ______ have a look at that classroom? That is ______ classroom. ( we )
39.I am teaching ______computer.(my)
一、用適當的人稱代詞填空:
1. __________ is my aunt. We often visit __________. ( she )
2. China is a developing country. _________is in the east of Asia. ( its )
3. I own a blue bike. The red one isn’t __________. ( I )
4. These new houses are so nice. __________ are very expensive.( them )
5. The fishermen caught a lot of fish, didn’t __________? ( them )
6. Ling Ling is a girl. ____ studies in a primary school. ______ brother lives with ____ and helps ____ with______ lessons. ( she )
7. Mike is my classmate. ____ is good at Engliush . ( his )
8. Kate wants a glass of milk. Will you pass it to ____ ? ( she )
9. What’s the weather like today ? ____ is cloudy. ( its )
二、用形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞填空
1. I ate all ____ sandwiches yesterday.( I ) Can I have one of ____ ? ( you )
2. George has lost ____ ( his ) pen. Ask Mary if(是否)she will lend him ____ . ( she )
3. Jack has a dog and so have I. ____ ( he ) dog and ____ ( I ) had a fight (打架).
4. The teacher wants you to return that book of ____ ( he )
5. Mr. and Mrs. Green and a friend of ____ are coming to see us. ( they )
6. We are going to Paris to stay with a French friend of ____ . (we )
三、用適當的代詞填空
A. 從括弧內選擇正確的代詞填空
1. Your football clothes are on the desk. Please put _________(they,them,their,theirs) away.
2. (We,Us,Our,Ours)_________ English teacher is Mrs. Green.We all like _________(she,her,hers).
3. (I,Me,My,Mine)_________ can’t get my kite. Could you help _________(I,me,my,mine)?
4. Tom can’t get down from the tree.Can you help _________(he,him,his)?
5. These are _________(he,him,his) planes. The white ones are _________(I,me,mine).
6. We can’t find our bikes.Can you help _________(we,us,our,ours)?
B. 填入正確的代詞
1. This isn’t________knife. _________ is green. ( she )
2. These are your books,Kate. Put __________ in the desk,please. (they )
3. _______ must look after ________ things. ( you )
4. Wei Fang,is that ________ ruler? Yes,it’s.( you )
5. They want a football. Give __________ the green one,please. ( they)
6. It’s Lin Tao’s bag. Give it to __________. ( he )
7. Is this pencil-box Li Lei’s? No,___________ is very new. ( he )
8. This box is too heavy. I can’t carry _________. ( it )
Don’t worry,Let __________( I ) help __________. ( you)
9. _____ is a boy _____ name is Mike. Mike’s friends like _____ very much. ( he )
10. My sister is in _____ room. _____ is a teacher. ( she )
11. Jane is a little girl. _____ mother is a nurse. ( she )
12. We are in _____ classroom. _____ classroom is big. ( we)
13. My father and mother are teachers. _____ are busy ( them)
14. You should ask the children _________.(them) 你應該問一問孩子們自己。
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