初中英语语法之冠词、 数词.docx

初中英语语法之冠词、 数词冠词、 数词冠 词考点一：不定冠词a，an的用法a常用于以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前，an常用于以元音音素开头的单数可数名词前。1. “a / an +单数名词”泛指一类人或物。2. 表示数量，含有“一”的意思。3. 用于序数词前表示“又一；再一”。4. 用于一些固定短语中，如all of a sudden, a quarter past / to ., as a result, for a while, give sb. a hand / lift, half an hour, have a fever / picnic / rest / point, have a fun / good / wonderful time, in a minute / row / word, make a difference, make an effort等。考点二：定冠词the的用法1. “the+单数名词”泛指一类人或物。2. 特指某(些)人或某(些)物。3. 特指上文提到的人或物。4. 指谈话双方都知道的人或物。5. 用于乐器名词之前。6. 用于序数词、形容词最高级前。7. “the+形容词”表示一类人。8. 用于表示姓氏名词的复数前表示一家人或夫妇二人。9. 用于表示世界上独一无二的事物、某些专有名词(如the Great Wall, the United Nations)及方位的名词前。10. 用于一些固定短语中，如at the age of, at the moment, at the same time, by the way, get in the way of, go to the cinema, in the end, on the right / left, on the phone, on the other hand等。考点三：零冠词的用法1. “零冠词+复数可数名词”泛指一类人或物。“零冠词+抽象名词”表示一般的抽象概念。2. 月份、季节、星期、三餐、学科、球类运动、棋类名词前通常用零冠词。3. 表称呼、头衔的名词作表语、同位语、补足语时前用零冠词。4. 一些固定短语中一般不加冠词，如at home, at noon, by bike / bus / car, face to face, from head to foot, from right to left, go to bed, hand in hand, in danger, in history, in line with, in town, in trouble, on duty, take pride in等。考点四：有无冠词的短语的区别in front of 在(外部)的前面in the front of 在(内部)的前面sit at table 吃饭sit at the table 坐在桌旁by day 在白天by the day 按天计算in class在上课 in the class在班里success成功a success 一个成功的人或一件成功的事go to school去上学go to a school去一个学校【考例链接】. 单项选择( )1._ Great Wall is one of the seven wonders around the world.A. TheB. AC. AnD. /( )2.Who is _ woman in red?Shes our chemistry teacher, Miss Li.A. aB. anC. the( )3.China is _ Asian country while England is _ European country.A. an; anB. a; aC. an; aD. a; an( )4.Bill bought _ useful book. _ book is very interesting.A. a; TheB. a; AC. an; TheD. an; A( )5.Lily practices playing _ piano after school every day.A. aB. anC. /D. the( )6.We often have three meals _ day. And we usually have _ breakfast at 8: 00 every morning.A. a, theB. a, aC. a, /D. /, the( )7.I am going to have _ picnic on _ Sunday.A. the; anB. an; theC. a; 不填D. an; 不填( )8.This year is _ 70th anniversary (周年) of the founding of the Peoples Republic of China.A. aB. anC. the( )9.Lets play _ volleyball.A. /B. theC. a( )10.One of his daughters became _ English teacher last August.A. aB. anC. theD. /( )11.Qingdao is a beautiful city that lies in _ east of China.A. anB. /C. theD. a( )12.We cant see _ sun at night.A. aB. anC. the( )13.Judy, how was _ camping?The other campers were nice, and we had _ fun time together.A. a; aB. a; theC. the; theD. the; a( )14.Beijing is _ capital of China. It has _ long history.A. the; anB. a; aC. the; aD. the; /( )15.If you want to take _ short ride in the city, choose _ shared bike.A. a;/B. the; theC. a; aD. /; a( )16.Our National Day is on _ first day in _ October.A. a; theB. the; aC. the; 不填D. a; 不填( )17.We usually go swimming in _ summer. But in _ summer of 2018, we didnt.A. /; /B. a; aC. /; theD. a; /. 在横线上填入适当的冠词，如不需冠词，则填入“/”1.Kevin is _ tallest boy in _ class.2.Her latest book discusses the problems of _ disabled.3.He drove so fast that I really felt my life was in _ danger.4.He was made _ president of that country.5.She said she and her friend arrived at the cinema at _ same time.数 词考点一：基数词1. 基数词可以表示编号、钟点、年龄、日期、年份等。“in ones +整十基数词的复数形式”表示“某人多岁”。2. 当基数词 hundred, thousand, million, billion等词前有具体数词修饰时，用单数形式；但当它们表示不确切的数量时，用复数形式，并且与of 连用。考点二：序数词1. 序数词前一般要加定冠词the。2. 序数词前有时用不定冠词a(n)，表示“又一；再一”。3. 序数词前有名词所有格、形容词性物主代词等限定时，通常不用冠词。考点三：分数1. 分数由基数词和序数词构成。分子用基数词表示，分母用序数词表示。分子大于1 时，分母要用序数词的复数形式。2. 1/2常用one / a half表示，1/4常用one / a quarter表示，3/4常用three quarters表示。3. 当分数用于复数可数名词或代词(指代复数可数名词)前作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；当分数用于不可数名词或代词(指代不可数名词)前作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。【考例链接】. 单项选择( )1.There are _ people in Dales family. They live on the _ floor.A. five; nineB. fifth; nineC. five; ninthD. fifth; ninth( )2.Please pass me _ book on the right.A. fourB. fourthC. the fourD. the fourth( )3.We are proud of our country. The year 2019 is her _ birthday.A. seventyB. the seventyC. the seventiethD. seventieth( )4.Every year, _ books are given away to the poor children in the countryside.A. thousandB. thousands ofC. thousand of( )5._ of the students in our class _ going to the summer camp in Beijing next week.A. Two fifths, isB. Second fifths, areC. Second fifths, isD. Two fifths, are. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1.When you visit New York, dont miss Broadway. It has been famous for its theaters since the early _ century. (twenty) 2.Uncle Andy tried _ different jobs, and finally chose to be a lawyer. (tenth) 3.Its never too old to learn. Karl Max began to learn Russian in his _(fifty). 4.After the Great Wall Station, Zhongshan, Kunlun and Taishan, China is now building its _ research station in Antarctica (南极洲). (five)参考答案冠词考点一、考点二、考点三、考点四：. 1-5 ACCAD 6-10 CCCAB 11-15 CCDCC 16-17 CC. 1. the; the 2. the 3. / 4. / 5. the数词考点一、考点二、考点三：. 1-5 CDDBD. 1. twentieth 2. ten 3. fifties 4. fifth