英语作文及中学词组总汇.doc

1. 书面表达热点预猜（1）假设你是李红，你的一位美国笔友Robert写E-mail问及你高考后暑假的安排，请根据以下要点，写一封100词左右的email回复他, 可以适当增加细节。1. 学开车 2. 参加英语培训课程 3. 去北京看奥运会 4. 游览北京的名胜注意：1.根据以上内容写一篇短文，不要逐句翻译，可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。2.要准确使用语法和词汇；使用一定的句型、词汇，清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思；3. 词数：100个左右。开头已给出，不计词数。Dear Robert,How time flies! _【命题方向与写作提示】高考英语书面表达写作素材都是与中学生的日常生活相关的话题，会避免出现考生不熟悉的话题，也不会出现农村或城市学生不熟悉的话题，注重考查考生的语言表达能力。本篇素材考查书信体裁的作文，是应用文的写作，话题涉及社会热点：北京奥运会，内容与中学生的实际生活相关：高考后暑假的安排，体裁是书信体的电子邮件。写作要点包括：1）问候；2）引入话题：高考临近，高考后的安排；3）学开车；4）参加英语培训课程；5）去北京看奥运会；6）游览北京的名胜；7）结束语。【写作提示】书面表达一定要注意要点齐全，写作中要注意适当增加细节以使上下文连贯，并使用一定数量的句式结构。范文 (One possible version)Dear Robert:How time flies! The happy days we shared often shines in my memory. What about you? As you know, my college entrance exam is approaching, which also announces the end of this sort of pressing study life. However，I intend to have a meaningful summer vacation. First, I will learn to drive to get a driving license, which is a new activity for a high school graduate in China. I will have a good rest, enjoying my hobbies. Then I will take some English courses to improve my English communication ability, With the 2008 Olympics beginning, I will be a participant of it, watching the basketball match between China and the US. I have been dreaming of Kobes performance long. After that, I will pay a visit to some tourist attractions to widen my horizon.That is the plan for my vacation. I am looking forward to being told about your arrangements of vacation. Give me your quick reply soon, OK?Best wishes!2. 书面表达热点预猜（2）如今世界粮食短缺，价格飞涨，给部分地区造成社会动荡。假设在你校开展的研究性学习中，你们小组以“World Food Crisis”为题进行研究，现在请你代表你们小组向全体同学简要介绍你们的研究成果。主要内容如下：造成的原因：1. 气候变化，造成粮食减产2. 工业发展，城市化加速，耕地减少3. 世界能源价格上涨，使用粮食生产生物燃料应对的措施：1. 注重环保，改善生态2. 严格保护耕地3. 富国支持穷国，促进世界和谐你如何做出自己的贡献12注意：1. 内容包括以上要点，但不要逐句翻译2. 字数150左右，文章开头已提供，不计入总词数3. 参考词汇：城市化 urbanization 生物燃料 biofuelsHello, everyone,Now Ill tell you something about our research project The World Food Crisis on behalf of our group. As you know, food shortages have hit many countries in the world and even caused social unrest in some areas._【命题方向与写作提示】这是一篇提纲式的议论文写作素材，探讨国计民生的社会热点话题：粮食价格上涨。写作时要注意避免逐句翻译，并适当增加细节以使行文连贯。范文 (One possible version)Hello, everyone,Now Ill tell you something about our research project The World Food Crisis on behalf of our group. As you know, food shortages have hit many countries in the world and even caused social unrest in some areas. But who is responsible for the current world food crisis? First, annual world grains output has declined because of climate change. Then lots of farmland has been lost due to the rapid development of industry and urbanization. Besides, faced with the rising energy prices, people have turned to the production of biofuels, which has worsened the severe situation.Then what should we do to deal with the problem? On one hand, we should focus on the environmental protection and improve the ecology. On the other hand, strict measures should be taken to protect farmland. Of course, to build a harmonious world the developed countries should take their responsibilities to help the poor ones experiencing food shortage.As for me, I will call on the people around me to live thriftily. And for the moment, I think, we should study hard to develop science and help solve the food shortage in the future.3. 书面表达热点预猜（3）下表是某校关于中学生双休日活动现状的一份调查，请结合表格内容，用英语写一篇120150单词的短文，就中学生应如何过双休日发表你的看法。学习情况 几乎都在学习 半天学习半天活动 几乎都在做其他事情16% 24% 60%娱乐休闲 体育活动 游玩和购物 上网看电视20% 40% 40%去图书馆 经常 偶尔 几乎没有5% 23% 72%课外兴趣小组 经常 偶尔 不参加10% 20% 70%范文 (One possible version)This form displays the result of a survey on how to spend students weekend. It says that few students are glued to their schoolwork any more. Instead, they prefer to surf on the internet, watch TV, go shopping rather than involve in sports games. Library and interest groups are available but not favourable.Personally I think, students are now freed from heavy burden but their spare time is not well arranged. They are expected to spend some time on what they learn instead of hanging out. More time should be spent not only on green field but also in the libraries to build up themselves physically and mentally. Besides, more interest groups should be established for students to widen their horizon and sharpen their brains so that they can become more creative eventually. All these will contributes a lot to a well-informed and highly qualified teenager.In conclusion, students should be more scheduled with colorful and fruitful activities.4. 书面表达热点预猜（说明文）假如你是李明，你发现部分同学每次遇到重要考试，都会出现一些焦虑症状。请你用英语写一封信，向某学生英文报编辑反映该问题。信的内容应包括下列要点：焦虑症状 建 议头晕、乏力、睡眠不好、食欲不振等1考前制定好合适的复习计划2考试期间正常作息3睡前洗热水澡、喝热牛奶等有助于睡眠其他建议(内容由考生自己拟定)注意：1.根据以上内容写一篇短文，不要逐句翻译，可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。2.要准确使用语法和词汇；使用一定的句型、词汇，清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思；3. 词数：100个左右。开头已给出，不计词数。参考词汇：头晕dizzy(adj.)Dear editor,Im Li Ming of Senior Three, Guangming Middle School. Im writing to tell you about some symptoms of anxiety among us students before exams. _Li Ming范文 (One possible version)I am Li Ming of Senior Three, Guangming Middle School. I am writing to tell you about some symptoms of anxiety among us students before exams.Most of us feel nervous whenever were taking an important exam. Some will feel dizzy or tired, some will suffer from lack of sleep, and some will lose their appetite. In fact, all these symptoms have terrible effects on our exams and we are all eager to get rid of them.First of all, in my opinion, its important for us to have a fight attitude towards exams. They are only a means of checking how we are getting along with our studies, so there is no need to worry too much about the results. Study hard every day and make careful plans for every exam. In this way we can avoid suffering from the pressure of exams.Besides, enough sleep can make us energetic and enable us to perform well in an exam. Therefore, during the period of exams, we should not stay up too late. We can also try a warm bath or a cup of warm milk before going to bed. They might help us to have a sound sleep.(Wed better go out for a walk or do some outdoor exercises before and during an exam so that we can keep ourselves relaxed and then concentrate ourselves on exams.)5. 书面表达热点预猜（5）在紧张的高三备考阶段，英语老师为了提高复习效率，广泛征求学生意见。假如你叫张华，请根据以下提示，给英语老师写封信，表达你们的需求和建议。适当放慢进度，留出思考时间反复训练重要、易错知识点指导方法减少作业量以保证质量给予更多鼓励注意：1.根据以上内容写一篇短文，不要逐句翻译，可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。2.要准确使用语法和词汇；使用一定的句型、词汇，清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思；3. 词数：100个左右。开头已给出，不计词数。Dear Mr. Wang,Were so pleased that you are willing to share our views.In the course of the general revision, what we need is solid foundation._范文 (One possible version)Dear Mr. Wang,Were so pleased that you are willing to share our views.In the course of the general revision, what we need is solid foundation. As you know, we didnt learn well enough in the first two years, so please slow down and make sure we have really mastered something. Besides, we need a little more time to think for ourselves. As for those important points which also make us confused, would you please give us more practice in case we forget? Meanwhile, we need your instruction, for example, in how to write in natural English. I still have another request: assign us less homework in order that we can do it more efficiently.By the way, we often feel frustrated, which has a very bad effect on our study. We would appreciate it if you would give us some encouragement from time to time.6.书面表达热点预猜（6） 目前，一些诸如GG, MM, Xia Mi 等网络语言在青少年中极为盛行，并且出现在家庭作业报告，甚至全国入学考试的作文中。请你以 “Should Internet Slang Be Prohibited (禁止)？”为题，根据下表内容用英语写一篇短文，并谈谈你自己的看法。一些同学认为网络语言生动、时尚网络语言充满幽默与智慧使网上聊天更快捷。另一些同学认为网络语言缺乏思想性没有被大部分人理解、接受过多使用使人不解，甚至误解。你的看法？ 注意： 1. 短文开头已经给出，不计入总词数； 2. 词数：100左右 3. 参考词汇：生动的vivid；智慧intelligenceShould Internet Slang Be Prohibited? At present, Internet Slang, such as “GG, MM, Xia Mi”， has become popular among the teenagers. There are different opinions on Internet Slang. Some students think Internet Slang is vivid, fashionable and full of humor and intelligence. Besides, it makes chatting on the Internet quicker. However, some other students think Internet Slang lacks depth of thought and is too simple. Also, it is hard to understand and not accepted by most people. The words sometimes might make people confused, even resulting in misunderstanding. Every coin has two sides. In my opinion, living in the Information Age, if we dont know the Internet Slang, we seem to fall behind the times. It will be OK as long as these terms are used correctly in proper situations.高考重点词语复习1.able 用法：be able to doNote： 反义词unable表示不能，而disabled表示残疾的。be able to do可以表示经过艰难困苦才能做到的事。2.abroad 用法：表示到（在）国外，是一个副词，前面不加介词。Note： 可以说from abroad， 表示从国外回来。3.admit 用法：表示承认的时候后面要加上动名词形式。Note： 表示允许进入的时候与介词to搭配。4.advise 用法：advise sb. to do; advise doingNote： 后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。即：advise that sb. （should） do的形式。5.afford 用法：通常与动词不定式搭配使用。Note： 前面需要有be able to或can等词。6.after 用法：表示在时间、空间之后；be after表示追寻。Note： 用在将来时的时候后面接一时间点，而in接一个时间段，如：after 3 oclock; in 3 days.7.agree 用法：与介词on， to， with及动词不定式搭配。Note： agree on表示达成一致；agree to表示批准；agree with表示同意某人说的话。agree vi.同意;持相同意见 I cannot agree with you on this point.在这一点上，我不能同意你的意见。sb. agree with sb 同意某人的话，意见sth. agree with sb 某物，某事适应某人agree to sb 建议agree on sth 在某一点上取得一致意见agree up sth 在某一点上取得一致意见agree to do sth 同意干某事8.alive 用法：表语性形容词，在句中只能作表语，不能作定语。Note： 可以作状语使用，表示活活地，如：bury sb. alive.9.allow 用法：allow doing; allow sb. to doNote： 可以表示允许进入，如：Please allow me in.10.among 用法：用在三者或三者以上的群体中。Note： 还可以表示其中之一，如：He is among the best.11.and 用法：用于连接两个词、短语、句子或其他相同结构。Note： 与祈使句搭配时往往可以表示条件。如：Work hard， and youll succeed sooner or later.12.another 用法：表示又一个，泛指，相当于one more的含义。Note： 不能直接加复数名词，需要与一个数词搭配，如：another 2 weeks.13.answer 用法：及物动词，但在作名词时要与介词to搭配。Note： 可以表示接电话、应门等。如：answer the phone/door.14.anxious 用法：be anxious for/about/to doNote： be anxious about表示担心；be anxious for表示盼望得到。15.appear 用法：不及物动词，没有宾语，没有被动语态。Note： 还可以作为系动词，与seem同义，表示看起来。16.arrive 用法：arrive at表示到一个小地方；arrive in表示到一个大地方。Note： 引申含义表示得出，如：arrive at a decision/conclusion.17.ask 用法：ask to do; ask sb. to do; ask forNote： 后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。即：ask that sb. （should） do的形式。18.asleep 用法：表语性形容词，在句中只能作表语，不能作定语。Note： 通常与动词be及fall搭配；sound asleep表示熟睡。19.attend 用法：表示参加，后面经常加上meeting， lecture， conference， class， school， wedding， funeral等词；也可以表示照顾，照料。Note： attend to可以表示处理、照料等。20.attention 用法：pay attention to; draw/catch sbs attentionNote： 写通知时的常用语：May I have your attention， please?21.beat 用法：表示打败某人，或连续不断地击打某物。Note： heartbeat表示心跳。22.because 用法：后面接原因状语从句，because of后面接名词。Note： because表示直接原因，因此只有用它才可以回答why的特殊疑问句及用在强调句中。23.become 用法：系动词，表示变得。可以由好变坏或由坏变好。Note： become of sb.表示某人发生了什么事情。24.before 用法：before long， long before， the day before yesterday， the week / year before last 上上周/前年Note： It be + 段时间 before在该句型中，主句时态只有将来时态和一般过去时态。25.begin 用法：begin to do; begin doingNote： 当begin本身是进行时的时候，只能用begin to do的形式。如：It was beginning to rain.26.believe 用法：believe sb.表示相信某人说的话；believe in sb.表示信任；Note： 回答问句时通常用I believe so/not的形式。27.besides 用法：表示除之外还有，包含在一个整体之中。Note： 还可以用作副词，表示此外，要用逗号隔开。28.beyond 用法：表示越过、在另一边，如：beyond the wood/bridge.Note： 可以用于引申含义，表示超出，如：beyond control/power/description.29.bit 用法：与a little一样可以修饰不可数名词，形容词或副词。Note： 修饰名词时要用a bit of；not a bit表示一点也不。30.blame 用法：take/bear the blame; blame sth. on. sb.Note： 表示应受到责怪时不用被动语态，如：He is to blame.31.blow 用法：blow down/awayNote： 表示风刮得很大时要用blow hard.32.boil 用法：boiling表示沸腾的；boiled表示煮过的。Note： boiling point可以表示沸点。33.borrow 用法：borrow表示借入：lend表示借出。Note： 点动词，不能表示借的时间长短。34.breath 用法：hold ones breath; out of breath; save ones breathNote： take a breath表示深吸一口气；take breath表示喘口气。35.break vt.打破;损坏;破坏We should all take a little break before dessert.吃甜点之前我们大家应该稍微休息一下。break down 机器坏了=go wrong 身体垮了/终止谈话I had never seen a grown man break down and cry.我从未曾看到过一个这么强壮的汉子痛哭失声。break in 闯入， 插话break off 忽然停止讲话/断绝， 结束/暂停工作， 休息break out （战争等）爆发;逃出（无被动式）break through 打破包围break up 驱散，学校的放学The police had to employ force to break up the crowd.警察不得不使用武力驱散人群。break away from 脱离， 逃说， 与.断绝来往/改变某种习惯36.bring vt.拿来;带来;取来Ill bring some of my pictures into the gallery.我就带一些我的摄影到艺廊来。bring about =cause， result in， lead to bring down 使倒下，使下降 bring force 使产生，引起bring forward 提出建议=put forward/提前bring in =get in the pops 使得到某种收入bring back to ones mind 使回想起bring up sb 抚养某人bring up sth 提出bring up 呕吐bring to an end 结束=come to an end37.burn 用法：burn down/up/ones handNote： burning表示点着的；burnt表示烧坏的。38.business 用法：on business表示出差；in/out of business表示开/关张。Note： 表示商业时不可数，表示具体的行业时可数。39.busy 用法：be busy with/doing.Note： 不能说My work is busy. 应说I am busy with my work.40.buy 用法：buy sth. for 5 dollars; buy sth. for sb.Note： 点动词，不能表示买的时间长短。41. but 用法：notbutbut for next but one， have no choice bu to do sth.， all but 几乎，差一点Note： do nothing but do sth. nothing前有do，后面的to要省略。Not only but also引导的并列句，前倒后不倒。cannot help/ choose but do sth. 不能不，只能42. by 用法：by accident， by air/ sea/ train， by and by， by far， by force， by mistake， by chance， by the wayNote： by way of 取道，经由。by reason of 由于。by 引导的时间状语一般句子用完成时态。43. call 用法： call for/up/back /in ，