中考英语阅读理解汇编(附答案).doc

【例题一】
The population of the Earth is growing faster. It is important that we look after the Earth. We need it!
The Earth gives us a lot of things. We also give the Earth a lot, but some of the things are not good.
In nature, when something dies, other animals and plants get food from it. Every animal or plant gives food for other animals or plants. However, animals can’t get food from many of the things that we ‘give’ the Earth. Animals and plants can’t eat metal, plastic and glass. These things will stay in the ground for many, many, many years.
Some rubbish is very dangerous for plants and animals. In some places, many animals live together. One animal makes food for many more animals. If we put rubbish and chemicals in the water, the plankton (浮游生物) can die. If there isn’t any plankton, many animals have nothing to eat.
So what can we do? Don’t leave any rubbish in the countryside! Don’t make so much rubbish!

51. The Earth gives us ________ .
A. food B. rubbish C. chemicals D. pollution
52. When something dies in nature, _________ .
A. water and grass are polluted. B. plastic and wood become food
C. other animals and plants get food D. metal and glass stay in the ground
53. We must _________ to look after the Earth.
A. put metal in the ground B. use more wood
C. keep frogs in the water D. make less rubbish

答案：ACD
【例题二】
Choosing which university to go to is one of the biggest and most expensive decisions you’ll have to make. Here are some things to consider.
Work out whether you want to study at home or abroad. If you’re going abroad, first you have to think of the cost of your study, living expenses and the flight tickets.
Decide which courses interest you and find out more about who will teach the course. Try to collect information from past students.
Check out the ability of the teachers. Study the key subjects in the course and compare them with the ones from other universities.
Find out if the university offers work for practice or exchange programs for the course you’re interested in.
Check what the university’s policy（政策）is for switching（转换）courses in the university or changing universities.
Many universities now have websites. Use them as a chance to ask the universities all the questions you want.
Visit education exhibitions（展览会）. You’ll be able to find out more by talking to teachers from different universities, and they can be found easily at the same time.
Go to see the university if you can. If this is not possible because of the cost, do some research and find out where the university is as well as the environment around it. It shouldn’t be too hard to do that with programs like Google Maps.
51. How many suggestions are mentioned in the passage?
A. Six. B. Severn. C. Eight. D. Nine.
52. According to the passage, if you’re going to study abroad, what should you do first?
A. Think of the cost. B. Find out a university.
C. Choose the course. D. Check the teachers’ ability.
53. Which is the easiest way to get to know different universities?
A. Check the websites. B. Visit education exhibitions.
C. Use Google Maps. D. Go to see the universities.

答案：CAB

复杂细节题
【例题一】
In the West, some people believe that personality can be predicted according to the time of the year the person was born. From China comes the belief that the year of birth influences one’s personality. In the past century, a new belief has arisen: the idea that personality is related to one’s ABO blood type. People with blood type A, for example, are considered more likely to be serious, hard-working, and quiet, while people with blood type O are likely to be popular and outgoing, yet often unable to finish what they start. Though this belief continues to be strong, some people question whether it is true.
The blood-type personality theory (理论) started in Japan in 1927 when Furukawa Takeji noticed personality similarities and differences among his workers. The idea soon went out of fashion, but was brought back by a Japanese television host named Toshitaka Nomi in the 1970s. The belief is still strong in Japan and is increasingly popular in neighboring countries. Some young Koreans have taken to the theory. A recent study showed 76 percent of Koreans aged between 13 and 64 believing in the blood-type personality connection. Though most Asians might believe in the blood-type theory, for many it seems harmless and not something to be taken too seriously.
There is also the possibility that people are influenced to change their personality to match the expected stereotypes (思维定式). A survey of studies made in Japan over a 10-year period found that while in the 1970s there was no relationship between blood type and personality, later studies in the 1980s found that the relationship increased a little. Researchers concluded that as the belief in the stereotypes increases, people may be changing their personality to follow the blood-type theory.
Is the belief true? The scientists in Asia largely dismiss the belief as a modern-day superstition (迷信). Most studies have failed to find any strong connection between blood and personality. Generally, scientists warn against making predictions or important decisions based on this questionable theory.
57. The writer uses blood type A and O as an example to explain _________.
A. the difference between the two blood types
B. the relationship between the two blood types
C. the influence of blood type on one’s behavior
D. the connection between personality and blood type
58. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. It was lightly believed. B. It was brought to them.
C. They liked and accepted it. D. They stole the idea from others.
59. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. Most scientists in Asia don’t believe in the theory.
B. The blood-type theory began in Japan in the 1970s.
C. The blood-type personality theory is about blood type.
D. People don’t change their personality to match the theory.
60. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Is the blood-type theory popular? B. Is the personality changeable?
C. Is it in your blood? D. Is it in your mind?
答案：DCAC

【例题一】
Anyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their students learn will be interested in the memoir（回忆录）of Ralph W. Tyler who is one of the most famous men in American education.
Born in Chicago in 1902, brought up and schooled in Nebraska, the 19-year-old college graduate Ralph Tyler became hooked on teaching while teaching as a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education.
Graduate work at the University of Chicago found him connected with honorable educators Charles Judd and W. W. Charters, whose ideas of teaching and testing had an effect on his later work. In 1927, he became a teacher of Ohio State University where he further developed a new method of testing.
Tyler became well-known nationality in 1938, when he carried his work with the Eight-Year Study from Ohio State University to the University of Chicago at the invitation of Robert Hutchins.
Tyler was the first director of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford, a position he held for fourteen years. There, he firmly believed that researchers should be free to seek an independent spirit in their work.
Although Tyler officially retired in 1967, he never actually retired. He served on a long list of educational organizations in the United States and abroad. Even in his 80s he traveled across the country to advise teachers and management people on how to set objectives(目标) that develop the best teaching and learning within their schools.
51. Who are most probably interested in Ralph W. Tyler’s memoir?
A. Top managers. B. Factory workers.
C. Serious educators. D. Science researcher.
52. The underlined phrase “hooked on teaching” in Paragraph 2 probably means .
A. interested in teaching B. tired of teaching
C. satisfied with teaching D. unhappy about teaching
53. Where did Tyler work as the leader of a research center for over 10 years?
A. The University of Chicago. B. Stanford University.
C. Ohio State University. D. Nebraska University.

答案：CAB
【例题二】
A research shows that expressions on our faces have a strong relationship with our genes(基因). According to the study, facial expressions of our feelings are innate and are not achieved in cultural learning.
This is the first research to show that blind people have the same facial expressions as the sighted when showing certain feelings—the same facial muscles(肌肉) start working. What’s more, the research gives the new method of how people control their feelings in certain social situations. It states that people do not learn to manage their facial expressions by examining the expressions of others.
In his study, David Matsumoto, San Francisco State University Psychology Professor, examined facial expressions of blind and sighted judo athletes(柔道运动员) that took part in the Summer Olympics and Paralympics(残奥会). He examined over 4,800 pictures of different athletes who came from 23 countries. Matsumoto found that both blind and sighted sportsmen had the same facial expressions, according to a specific social situation.
“This suggests genes decide facial expressions of feelings,” he said.
One of his findings was the “social smiles” of judo athletes who lost their match and got the second place. It is interesting to find that only mouth muscles are used in social smiles, while during real smiles, shown when a person is really happy, the eyes of a person twinkle and get smaller and the cheeks(脸颊) rise.
“Losers pushed their lower lip up as if to control the feeling on their face and many produced social smiles,” said Matsumoto, “People blind from birth were unable to learn to manage their feelings with the help of examining other’s facial expressions.” He thought that there must be another system involved.
“It’s possible that in order to hide sad feelings, humans have developed a system that closes the mouth so that they are stopped from crying, biting or rudeness,” he said.
57. The underlined word “innate” in the first paragraph means _________.
A. from birth B. from daily life
C. from others D. from teaching
58. According to the passage, real smiles are different from social smiles in ________.
A. opening the eyes B. using facial muscles
C. closing the mouth D. watching others’ expressions
59. How does the writer make us believe the new findings?
A. By telling us an interesting story.
B. By interviewing some researchers.
C. By showing the results of the research.
D. By giving the answers to the questions.
60. Which can be the best title for the passage?
A. Smiles and Olympics B. Blind and Sighted Athletes
C. Social Smiles and Real Smiles D. Genes and facial Expressions
答案：ABCD

【例题三】
Younger adults who get either little sleep or a lot of it may see a greater increase in their waistlines(腰围) over time, a study suggests.
The study included 332 African-American and 775 Hispanic-American (拉丁裔美国人) men and women aged 18 to 81. The researchers measured their abdominal (腹部的) fat, at the start of the study and again five years later.
Among the people younger than 40 in the research, the study found, those who said they slept for five hours or less each night gained more fat than those who averaged six or seven hours of sleep. Those who slept eight hours or more in bed each night also showed a bigger fat gain - but it was not as much as that seen in "short sleepers."
The findings, according to the lead researcher Dr. Kristen, support the belief that sleep habits affect weight, and health in general. "Sleep is an important part of your overall health -- not just in whether you're tired during the day," she said.
As for why sleep time might affect abdominal-fat gain, there are several facts:
People who get too little sleep may be too tired during the day to exercise, while those who spend a lot of time in bed may spend less time being active, comparing to people who sleep fewer hours. Research also suggests that sleep loss changes people's appetite-regulating hormones（胃口调节荷尔蒙）-- which could, in theory, make them overeat.
What’s more, depression, which is a feeling of sadness that makes people think there is no hope for the future, could also be a reason. He also noted that it often affects people's sleep and has been linked to weight gain.
55. ______ will get less fat gain according to the passage.
A. Younger adults who sleep for five hours or less
B. People who sleep more than 8 hours every day
C. Younger adults who are from Africa or America
D. People who sleep about six or seven hours a day
56. The underlined word “that” refers to ______.
A. a fat gain B. sleep habits
C. too little sleep D. too much sleep
57. What can we learn from the passage?
A. The more we sleep, the more energetic we will be.
B. The less we sleep every day, the less fat we will get.
C. Those who are in sadness could easily get a bigger fat gain.
D. The African and Hispanic adults easily get a greater weight gain.

答案：DAC
【例题四】
Tucked away in our sub-consciousness is an idyllic vision. We see ourselves on a long trip that spans the continent. We are traveling by train. Out the windows, we drink in the passing scene of cars on nearby highways, of children waving at a crossing, of cattle grazing on a distant hillside, of smoke pouring from a power plant, of row upon row of corn and wheat, of flatlands and valleys, of mountains and rolling hillsides, of city skylines and village halls.
But uppermost in our minds is the final destination. On a certain day at a certain hour, we will pull into the station. Bands will be playing and flags waving. Once we get there, so many wonderful dreams will come true and the pieces of our lives will fit together like a completed jigsaw puzzle. How restlessly we pace the aisles, damning the minutes for loitering —— waiting, waiting, waiting for the station.
"When we reach the station, that will be it!" we cry. "When I'm 18." "When I buy a new 450SL Mercedes Benz!""When I put the last kid through college.""When I have paid off the mortgage!" "When I get a promotion." "When I reach the age of retirement, I shall live happily ever after!"
Sooner or later, we must realize there is no station, no one place to arrive at once and for all. The true joy of life is the trip. The station is only a dream. It constantly outdistances us.
“Enjoy the moment ” is a good saying , especially when coupled with the Psalm 118:24: “This is the day which the Lord has made; we will rejoice and be glad in it.”It