备战2019高考英语专题-介词和介词短语-巩固提升练习(含解析).doc

备战2019高考英语专题-介词和介词短语-巩固提升练习（含解析）一、单选题1.Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live _nature. A.in view ofB.in need ofC.in touch withD.in harmony with2.On May 5, 2018, various memorial events were held nationwide _ the 200th Anniversary of Karl Marxs birth. A.in charge ofB.in place ofC.in honor ofD.in explanation of3.You will be amazed to discover that what confused you at first makes sense _further readings. A.toB.ofC.uponD.before4.Scientists are convinced _ the positive effect of laughter _ physical and mental health. A.of; atB.by; inC.of; onD.on; at5._Christmas coming near, they began to be busy shopping for the holiday. A.AsB.BeforeC.Because ofD.With6.Doctors battled the night to save her life. A.withinB.out ofC.throughoutD.inside7.How about this type of car，sir?Its not economical，and whats more，its_. A.out of shapeB.free of chargeC.out of orderD.on the way out8.After the dinner, I looked at the bill and found that it was 200 yuan , including the wine. A.after allB.in allC.at allD.above all9.After a heated discussion at the meeting，a new plan came_being，which would have a great effect_the culture life of people. A.into；forB.to；toC.from；atD.into；on10. the economic crisis getting more and more serious, the government is searching for ways to improve peoples life. A.AsB.WithC.WhenD.If11. piracy,it is necessary that effective measures should be taken right away to stop it. A.Due toB.As toC.Thanks toD.Next to12.Before real estate control policies were introduced, people hoped that their income would be increased _ the rise in housing prices. A.in touch withB.in anticipation ofC.in line withD.in combination of13.Do you really want to rent such a flat which is empty _ some old pieces of furniture? A.besidesB.except forC.forD.except14.The tiger, once a _ animal to humans, is now _ of disappearing on the earth. A.dangerous, dangerB.dangerous, in dangerC.in danger, in dangerD.danger, in danger15.Having lived in the town for quite a few years, Mr. Johnson no longer felt _ among the local people. A.out of orderB.out of placeC.out of controlD.out of the question16.I heard from Jim the other day and he offered his congratulations to me _ having passed my driving test. A.onB.forC.inD.with17.The train is _ schedule. Youll have to wait another fifteen minutes. A.inB.behindC.acrossD.off18. When can I use your computer?Never! _ should you touch it. A.In no timeB.Under no circumstanceC.At no caseD.On no condition19.Tired，Jim was fast asleep with his back _ a big tree. A.inB.belowC.besideD.against20.Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves _ half an hour. A.byB.inC.forD.until21.Out of for the homeless children he gave them shelter for the night. A.pityB.shameC.sympathyD.mercy22.Not only_an explorer but also he was a great thinker_this thirties. A.he was.inB.was he.atC.was he.inD.he was.at23.The last line added was the Jubilee Line, which was open in 1979 the twenty-fifth anniversary of Elizabeth II being the queen. A.in sight ofB.in honour ofC.in place ofD.in favour of24.In China, the Dragon Boat Festival is held every year _ the great ancient Chinese poet Qu Yuan. A.in favor ofB.in place ofC.in honor ofD.in search of25._ the aid of a stick, the old man walked painfully along the street. A.UnderB.WithC.OnD.In26.Most parents are focused on their childrens grade on the exams, with little attention _ to their mental health. A.payingB.to payC.paidD.having paid27.He said he was very sorry because it was _ his power to make the final decision. _, I had to turn to others for help. A.beyond; In that caseB.beyond; In no caseC.over; In any caseD.over; In his case28.They were lost at sea, _ wind and weather. A.at the cost ofB.at the risk ofC.at the sight ofD.at the mercy of29.She is shy, and is not used to _in front of others. A.praiseB.praisingC.be praisedD.being praised30.Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does push-ups too to stay _. A.in placeB.in orderC.in shapeD.in fashion31.Your fluency in English gives you an advantage _the other candidates for the job. A.overB.thanC.withD.for32.The winner said that he had owed his success to many people his parents _. A.after allB.by chanceC.on purposeD.in particular33.He goes on working day after day _ any change. A.withinB.insideC.ontoD.without34.Some people use hand-written letters _ typing because theyre more personal and represent your sincerity. A.in preference toB.in process ofC.in reference withD.in search of35.Buried _ the book, he didnt hear the sound. A.inB.atC.onD.to二、语法填空36.With Christmas_(approach), big shopping malls are becoming busier. 37.Scientists estimate that smoking reduces life expectancy by around 2 years _ average. 38.We are badly in need of waiters _ present; could you come and help us out? 39.The school is located _the suburbs. 40.Everyone will be given a telephone number _ birth that will never change no matter where they live. 41.They put out the forest fires_ pouring water on it. 42.That mixture, according to Bernard, sets the elevator ride apart _just about every other situation we find ourselves in as we go about our lives. 43.Youd better limit yourself_ 5 kilometers a day so that you wont feel exhausted after jogging. 44.We must wake up to the fact that this kind of animal is _ danger of dying out. 45.They failed to pass the exams _ lack of experience. 答案一、单选题1.【答案】D 【解析】【分析】句意：人的生活是自然的一部分，因此，我们生存下来的唯一的方法就是与自然和谐相处。A.in view of”在.眼里“；B.in need of”需要“；;C.in touch with”和.接触“； D. In harmony with”与.和谐相处“。根据句意，故选D。【点评】考查介词短语辨析，区分in view of，in need of，in touch with，in harmony with的用法。2.【答案】C 【解析】【分析】考查短语辨析。句意：2018年5月5日，为了纪念卡尔马克思诞辰200周年，全国各地举行了各种纪念活动。A. in charge of 负责； B. in place of代替；C. in honor of 纪念；D. in explanation of解释。根据句中的memorial events 和 the 200th Anniversary 可知，举办这些纪念活动是为了纪念马克思。故答案选C。【点评】考查介词短语辨析。3.【答案】C 【解析】【分析】考查介词。句意：你会惊奇地发现，起初让你困惑的会促使你更进一步的阅读。根据句意可知选C。4.【答案】C 【解析】【分析】考查介词。 be convinced of sth 意为“对某事确信”； effect on sth是“对某物产生的效果”。句意：科学家确信笑会对人的身体和精神健康产生积极效果。故C正确。【点评】考查固定短语中的介词搭配。5.【答案】D 【解析】【分析】考查介词辨析。句意：随着圣诞节的来临，他们开始为节日采购。As为连词，引导状语从句；before在之前；because of因为，由于。在本句考查with的复合结构，with sth doing。故选D。6.【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：为了挽救她的生命，医生彻夜奋斗。throughout，表时间，至始至终，合成介词，故选C。【点评】考查合成介词，注意介词的用法。7.【答案】D 【解析】【分析】句意：先生，这种车怎么样？不经济，而且即将淘汰。out of shape“走样，变形，身体不佳”；free of charge“免费”；out of order“无秩序的，混乱的，出故障的”；on the way out“走向灭亡”。故选D。【点评】考查介词短语辨析，区分out of shape；free of charge；out of order；on the way out的含义。8.【答案】B 【解析】【分析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：晚饭过后我看了看账单，发现总共花费了200元，包括葡萄酒。根据including the wine可知账单总计200元。in all“总共”符合语境。after all意为“毕竟”；at all意为“根本”；above all意为“尤其是，最重要的是”。故选B.【点评】首先理解句意，找出关键词，仔细分析句子成分。再根据各选项的意义和特点 注意题干的语境，区别介词短语含义。使句子意思通顺，符合逻辑。9.【答案】D 【解析】【分析】句意为：在会议上，通过热烈的讨论之后新的计划形成了。这将对人们的文化生活产生巨大的影响。come intobeing形成，产生；have a greateffect on对有巨大的影响。故选D 。10.【答案】B 【解析】【分析】考查with 结构。句意：随着经济危机越来越严重，政府正在寻找方法改善人们的生活。这里使用with复合结构，with sth doing，此处作伴随状语。如果用连词as，后面就要变成一个句子，即As the crisis of economy is getting more and more serious，when和if也都是连词，所以选B。【点评】本题要求考生既要掌握句子的含义，又要牢固掌握介词with的用法。11.【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意：关于海盗行为，必须立即采取有效措施制止它。A Due to“由于”；B As to“关于”；C Thanks to“由于”；D Next to“几乎”。故选B。【点评】考查介词短语辨析，区分due to；as to；thanks to；next to的含义。12.【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：在出台房地产管制政策之前，人们希望他们的收入能随着房价的上涨而增加。A. in touch with“和保持联系”；B. in anticipation of“期待着，预计到”；C. in line with“和一致”；D. in combination of“结合”。结合常识可知，选C。【点评】考查介词短语辨析，区分in touch with；in anticipation of；in line with；in combination of的含义。13.【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意：你真的想租这么个除了几个旧家具空屋子吗？这里except for指整体说明，局部排除，besides表示除了还包括，for为了，except是除了（没有）。所以选B。14.【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意：老虎，曾经对人类来说是一种危险的动物，现在正处于危险的情况之中。dangerous形容词“危险的”；in danger固定短语，“处于.危险中”，故选B。【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及dangerous以及固定短语in danger。15.【答案】B 【解析】【分析】考查短语的用法。out of place不合适的；不相称的；不在适当的位置。out of order发生故障；失调。out of control失去控制。out of the question不可能；不知底细；根本谈不上。句意：住在这个镇已经好多年了，约翰逊先生在当地人中间不再感到不相称了。【点评】“out of +名词”类介词习语归纳out of action 损坏，发生故障；out of breath 气喘吁吁，喘不过气来；out of character 不相称；不恰当；out of condition 身体不好，情况欠佳；out of control 失去控制；out of danger 脱离险境；out of date 过时，已经不能用；out of debt 还清负债，没欠债；out of doors 在户外；out of fashion 不合时尚，不时兴的；out of favour 失宠，不受欢迎；out of focus 不在焦点上，模糊，不清楚；out of hand 失去控制，脱手；out of hearing 在听不见的地方，离得远而听不见；out of humo(u)r 情绪不好，不高兴；out of line 不成一直线；不一致，出格；out of luck 运气不好；不凑巧；out of order 次序紊乱；损坏了；（因粗鲁而）不能接受；out of patience 不耐烦的；out of place 不在适当的位置；不适宜；out of practice 荒疏的；out of reach 无法拿到；out of season 过时的，过了旺季的；out of sight 看不见的；out of step 步调不一致；不协调；不符合；out of style 过时的，不再流行的；out of touch 脱离，失去联系；out of town 不在城里；out of trouble 摆脱困境；out of use 不再被使用；out of work 失业16.【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：几天前我收到了Jim的来信。他祝贺我已经通过了驾驶考试。congratulations与介词on/upon连用，表示“因为而表示祝贺”，故选A。【点评】考查介词，以及固定短语congratulations on。17.【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意：火车晚点了，你必须再等十五分钟。A. in“在里面”；B. behind“在后面”；C. across“穿过”；D. off“离开”。behind schedule“晚点；落后于预定计划；误期；误点”。根据语境可知，故选B。【点评】考查介词，区分in，behind，across，off的含义和应用。18.【答案】D 【解析】【分析】句意：我什么时候可以用你的电脑？不行，你绝不能碰它。A. In no time立刻，马上；B. Under no circumstances在任何情况下；C. in no case在任何情况下；D. On no condition绝不要。从后面的should you touch it可知，这句话用了倒装句，所以选择一个否定意义的词组On no condition，选D。【点评】考查介词短语。19.【答案】D 【解析】【分析】句意：非常累， 吉姆背靠着大树睡着了。against “靠着”，with +宾语+介词短语，表示状态。故选D。【点评】考查介词辨析，区分in；below；beside；against的含义。20.【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意：Jane很着急，因为去机场的火车半小时以后就要出发了。本题的关键是the train to the airport leaves火车将要离开；在这句话里使用了一般现在时代替将来时，表示按照车站的时间表列车进出。实际上本句是一个将来时，四个选项里只有“in+一段时间”可以和将来时连用。故B正确。【点评】考查介词辨析，区分by，in，for，until的含义和用法，本题涉及介词in表示将来。21.【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：由于他同情这些无家可归的孩子，他给他们提供晚上的住所。考查固定搭配。A.pity怜悯，遗憾 B.shame羞愧 C.sympathy同情；慰问 D.mercy仁慈，宽容，根据句意，给无家可归的孩子提供住所应该是同情他们，故选C。【点评】考查固定短语。首先理解句意，结合语法知识，确定所缺短语。注意单词或短语的词意、词性与词形、名词的单复数、形容词副词的原级、比较级和最高级，以及反义词的选用等，使句子意思通顺，符合逻辑。22.【答案】C 【解析】【分析】考查部分倒装。句意：他不仅是探险家而且他还是一位伟大的思想家。not onlybut also连接两个分句时，如果not only位于其所在的分句之首时，其后分句要主谓倒装。故选C。【点评】本题要求考生在理解句义的基础上，进一步牢固掌握倒装句的用法。23.【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意：增加的最后一条行车线是朱比利线，这是为了庆祝女王伊莉莎白二世登基25周于1979年开放的。in sight of“在.看得见，视线内的”；in honour of“为纪念，为庆祝”；in place of“代替”；in favour of“支持.”。故选B。【点评】考查介词短语辨析，区分in sight of；in honour of；in place of；in favour of的含义。24.【答案】C 【解析】【分析】考查固定搭配。在中国每年举行龙舟节是为了纪念中国古代伟大的诗人屈原。favor of赞成，支持；in place of代替；in honor of为了向表示敬意；in search of寻找。故选C。25.【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意：在拐杖的帮助下，老人沿着街道费力地走着。with the aid of固定短语，“在.的帮助下”，故选B。【点评】考查介词辨析，以及固定短语with the aid of。26.【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：大部分父母关注孩子们在考试上的成绩，很少注意他们的精神健康。基本结构为：with+宾语+宾语补足语；宾语补足语可以是名词、代词、形容词、副词、现在分词，或者过去分词，也可以是不定式等。对宾语的情况进行补充说明。当宾语补足语中的动词与宾语构成被动关系的时候，使用过去分词的形式；当二者构成主动关系的时候，使用现在分词的形式。本句中名词little attention与动词pay构成被动关系，所以使用过去分词短语作宾语补足语。故选C。【点评】考查with复合结构。27.【答案】A 【解析】【分析】考查介词短语。句意：他说他是非常抱歉的，因为做那个决定超出他的能力范围，既然那样的话，我不得不去向别人寻求帮助。常用搭配beyond ones power超出某人的能力，力所不及；In that case既然这样；In no case决不；In any case无论如何。故选A。28.【答案】D 【解析】【分析】句意：由于受到风和天气的影响，他们在海上迷路了。at the cost of “以为代价”；at the risk of“冒着的危险”；at the sight of “一看见就”；at the mercy of“受支配”。迷路的原因是由于风和天气。故选D。【点评】考查介词短语辨析，区分at the cost of，at the risk of，at the sight of，at the mercy of的含义。29.【答案】D 【解析】【分析】句意： 她很害羞，不习惯在人前被表扬。此句考察固定结构“be used to doing 习惯于”，主语She和动词praise是被动关系，故用being praised，选D。【点评】used to do sth 意思是：过去常常做某事（暗指现