2022高考英语一轮总复习-必修4-Unit-11-TheMedia学案北师大版.doc

2022高考英语一轮总复习 必修4 Unit 11 TheMedia学案北师大版

2022高考英语一轮总复习 必修4 Unit 11 TheMedia学案北师大版

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Unit11　TheMedia
(主题语境:人与社会——历史、社会与文化)
核心考点课堂突破　
1.demandvt.要求,请求　n.需要,需求
[教材原句]Reforms have been demanded by people from all over the world.(P22) 全世界的人们都要求改革。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①So instead of eating a piece of yesterday’s bread from the supermarket,you’d eat something baked just for you 　　　　　demand.(2018·天津卷,阅读理解C篇) 
②In America the demand 　　　　　oil has grown by 22 percent since 1990.(2018·浙江卷,阅读理解C篇) 
③I guess that there’s probably some 　　　　　(demand) work schedule,or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解B篇) 
[完成句子]
④无论什么时候我们需要,你总是第一个出现。(2019·浙江卷,书面表达)
Whenever we　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,you are always the first to turn up. 
考点必记
①demand to do sth要求做某事
demand that...要求……
in demand有需要,受欢迎
on demand一经要求
make demands on/of对……提出要求
demand for需要……
②demanding adj.要求高的
[写作佳句]
The government demanded to take immediate action to stop the rainforest fires.政府要求立即采取行动以停止雨林的大火。
2.announcevt.宣布,宣告
[教材原句]At 12:45 UK time today,the name of the host city for the 2012 Olympic Games was being announced by the International Olympics Committee (IOC) in Singapore.It was London.(P23) 在今天英国时间12:45,国际奥委会在新加坡宣布了2012年奥林匹克运动会主办城市的名字——伦敦。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Encourage readers to use the library.Share library 　　　　　(announce) on your social media.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解D篇) 
②He said the lucky woman 　　　　　(announce) on the website and the trip will be shared online. 
③She announced 　　　　　her family of four,“That’s what we’re going to do for our spring break!” 
考点必记
①announce sth(to sb)(向某人)宣布某事
announce that...宣布……
②announcement n.宣布,公告,告知,声明
announcer n.宣布者,播音员
[词汇辨析]
①announce指正式地“公开,发表,宣布”,侧重“预告”人们所关心和感兴趣的事情,尤指新闻之类的消息。
②declare指正式地、明确地向公众“宣布,宣告,声明”,侧重“公开”发表,多用于宣战、议和、宣判等。declare后可跟复合结构。
3.evidencen.证据,证明
[教材原句]No one has yet discovered who is responsible for the incidents but police are already collecting evidence.(P23) 目前还没有人发现谁应对这些事件负责,但警方已经在收集证据。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Scientists have obtained more evidence 　　　　　plastic is finding its way into the human body.(2019·江苏卷,单项填空) 
②Some projects whose bad influences on our society are 　　　　　(evidence) will be cancelled. 
[小话题写作]
③很明显参加仪式的所有学生都被深深地打动了,也受到极大鼓舞。(2020·天津卷,书面表达)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　all the students who attended the ceremony were deeply moved and inspired as well. 
考点必记
①clear/strong/good evidence 清晰的/强有力的/好的证据
evidence to do做……的根据
evidence that...……的证据
②evident adj.明显的,显然的
It’s evident that...……是很明显的
[名师点津]
evidence后常用that引导的同位语从句,对evidence的内容加以解释。
4.arisevi.发生,出现;起身,起立
[教材原句]Could you tell us how the problem arose?(P24) 你能告诉我们这一问题是怎么出现的吗?
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Can we begin by discussing matters arising 　　　　the last meeting? 
[用arise,arouse,rise或raise的恰当形式填空]
②Several new companies 　　　　　in our village last year. 
③Many people are watching the soldiers 　　　　　the national flag. 
④He fell into a sound sleep.Don’t 　　　　　him. 
⑤Standing on the hill,we saw smoke 　　　　　down in the village. 
考点必记
sth arises出现了某事
arise from/out of由……产生
[词汇辨析]
arise (arose,arisen,arising) vi.出现;发生;起因于
arouse (aroused,aroused,arousing) vt.唤醒;激起
rise (rose,risen,rising) vi.升起;起身;增长;上升
raise (raised,raised,raising) vt.举起;唤起;提高;饲养;筹款;招兵
5.employvt.雇用;聘请;使忙于;使从事于
[教材原句]The paparazzi are self-employed photographers.(P24) 狗仔队是自我经营的摄影师。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province,you could be eligible(符合条件) for this program,which provides eight weeks of paid 　　　　　(employ) along with training.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解A篇) 
②Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations 　　　　　　　　　　(employ) only since the mid-1980s...(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,语法填空) 
③According to the Dallas Area Cultural Advocacy Coalition,arts agencies employ more than 10,000 people as full-or part-time 　　　　　(employ) or independent contractors.(2018·江苏卷,任务型阅读) 
[小话题写作]
④在农场的五个小时中,我们忙于采摘西瓜。 (2020·全国Ⅱ卷,书面表达)
During the five hours on the farm,we 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　watermelons. 
考点必记
①employ sb in doing sth=employ sb to do sth雇用某人做某事……
employ sb as雇用某人为……
employ sth to do sth利用某物做某事
employ oneself in(doing)sth从事于/忙于(做)某事
be employed in(doing)sth从事于/忙于(做)某事
be employed to do sth受雇做某事
②employer n.雇主
employee n.雇员
unemployed adj.失业的
employment n.雇用
unemployment n.失业
[写作佳句]
A baby-sitter has been employed to do the housework and look after the baby.已雇用一位保姆做家务,照看孩子。
6.blamevt.责怪,谴责,归咎于　n.责任;责备
[教材原句]The media is often blamed for encouraging the paparazzi.(P24) 媒体经常因鼓励狗仔队而受到指责。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①You should not blame others 　　　　　what is your own fault. 
②Some social app companies were 　　　　　(blame) because they didn’t adequately check their users’ registration.(2018·江苏卷,阅读理解D篇) 
③Many times it’s our parents who we take the blame 　　　　　what otherwise should be taken by ourselves. 
[完成句子]
④校长致辞提醒我们应该与自然和谐相处,否则我们的不良行为将受到指责。 (2020·天津卷,书面表达)
Our headmaster delivered a speech which reminded us that we should live with nature harmoniously or we’ll 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　our bad behaviour. 
考点必记
blame sb for sth/doing sth因为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事
be to blame(for)应(为……)承担责任;该(为……)受责备(此处不能用被动语态)
blame sth on sb把某事归咎于某人
put/lay the blame for sth on sb将某事归咎于某人
accept/bear/take the blame for sth对某事负责任
[写作佳句]
The shepherd should taketheblamefor destroying the crops.牧羊人应该为毁掉庄稼承担责任。
7.attemptvt.&n.尝试,试图
[教材原句]But sometimes,the paparazzi go too far in their attempt to get the best photographs.(P24) 但有时候,狗仔队在尝试获得最佳照片方面太过分了。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Every year about 40,000 people attempt 　　　　　(climb) Kilimanjaro,the highest mountain in Africa.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空) 
②But our insisting it’s merely a window has kept them from 　　　　　(attempt) millions of requests to open the door.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空) 
③The boy wore a mask 　　　　　an attempt to frighten the dog away. 
[小话题写作]
④这些天,我和我的同学们正在努力工作,试图创作一部短剧。(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,书面表达)
These days my classmates and I are working hard 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　a short play. 
考点必记
①attempt sth尝试某事
attempt to do sth试图做某事
make an(no) attempt to do/at doing sth(不)尝试做某事
in an attempt to do sth试图做某事
at the first attempt第一次尝试
②attempted adj.未遂的,企图的
[写作佳句]
My sister goes on a healthy diet and keeps regular exercise inanattemptto lose weight.我姐姐进行健康饮食,坚持有规律的锻炼,试图减肥。
8.defendvt.保卫,防御;辩解,辩护
[教材原句]But I know there are people who defend the paparazzi.(P24) 但我知道有人为狗仔队辩护。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①She realized she looked like a child,with her tiny figure.“Small does not mean weak,sir,”she 　　　　　(defend) herself.(2020·天津卷,阅读理解B篇) 
②They help the body defend itself 　　　　　some kinds of infections. 
③You are said to have shot flaming arrows at the city’s 　　　　　(defend) building,setting it on fire.(2018·上海卷,听力)  
考点必记
①defend sb/sth保护某人/某物
defend against/from保卫;抵抗
②defence n.防卫,防卫设备,辩护
defensive adj.防御的,防卫的
in defence of保卫……;为……辩护
[写作佳句]
There is no man who is unwilling to fight indefenceof his country.没有人不愿为保卫自己的国家而战。
9.pretendvt.假装;装作
[教材原句]Pretending to be a repair man to get into the house of a film star and take pictures of her daily life.(P24) 假装是一名修理工进入一位电影明星的家,拍摄她的日常生活照片。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①So I carried around a book,and each night,just to be like her,I would pretend 　　　　　(read).(2019·天津卷,阅读理解B篇) 
②I had been lying to myself,　　　　　 (pretend) that everything was fine. 
[完成句子]
③那个可怜的父亲假称已经吃过苹果了,但实际上他并没有吃。
The poor father　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　an apple,but in practice he didn’t. 
考点必记
pretend to do sth假装做某事
pretend to be doing sth假装正在做某事
pretend to have done sth假装已经做了某事
pretend that...假称……
pretend to be...假称是……
[名师点津]
pretend后需用动词不定式或宾语从句结构,而不可用动词-ing形式,且在其后用动词不定式时,应根据其发生情况而使用不同的形式。
10.respectvt.尊敬,尊重　n.尊敬,敬重;敬意;方面
[教材原句]The media should respect famous people’s privacy.(P25) 媒体应该尊重名人的隐私。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①Let them know that you are there to help in any way that is acceptable,while still 　　　　　(respect) the privacy of your neighbor.(2018·浙江卷,七选五) 
②I want to prove that I can teach myself a 　　　　　(respect) profession,without going to college. 
③We were 　　　　　(respect) of craft (技艺) and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. 
考点必记
①respect sb for (doing) sth因(做)某事而尊重某人
show respect for sb对某人表示尊敬
with respect to关于,至于;就……而言
with respect尊重地
win/earn the respect of sb赢得某人的尊重
in respect of在……方面
in this respect在这方面
②respectful adj.尊敬的;有礼貌的;谦恭的
respective adj.分别的;各自的
respectable adj.值得尊敬的
disrespectful adj.无礼的,不敬重的
[名师点津]
表示“在……方面”常用:in respect of,in the aspect of,in terms of,in regard to等。
11.approachv.靠近,接近;着手处理,对付　n.方法,方式;靠近;道路,入口
[教材原句]For many of today’s advertisers,repeating old ideas is not a successful approach.(P26) 对当今很多广告设计者来说,重复旧的理念已不是有效的方法。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①If a child 　　　　　(approach) him,he will pause to give that child his undivided attention.(2019·天津卷,阅读表达) 
②　　　　　(approach) the vehicle,they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. 
③Since the new approach to 　　　　　(teach) language was adopted,our English classes have been more and more interesting. 
[小话题写作]
④随着他们的兴趣被激起,我随后开始教他们泡茶的方法。(2018·北京卷,书面表达)
With their interest greatly sparked,I then began to teach them　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　tea. 
考点必记
at the approach of在……即将来临时
make an approach to对……进行探讨;走近……,向……靠近
approach to (doing) sth接近;……的方法
[名师点津]
①approach作动词表示“靠近”时常为及物动词,后可直接带宾语;
②approach作名词表示“方法”时,后常用介词to,表示“……的方法”,to后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式;
③注意比较:the way of doing,the method of/for (doing) sth,the means of (doing) sth。
12.considerationn.考虑;(做计划或决定时)必须考虑的事;考虑周到,体谅,顾及
[教材原句]We have always tried to keep bad language away from innocent ears and this is a very important consideration when deciding at what times of day certain programmes are shown.(P28) 我们一直努力使天真的儿童远离不良语言,在决定每天什么时候播放某些节目时,这是一个非常重要的考虑因素。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①The President seemed 　　　　　(consider) her idea seriously.He got up and shook Vinnie’s hand warmly.(2020·天津卷,阅读理解B篇) 
②A large quantity of users always take fuel consumption into 　　　　　(consider) when buying a car. 
③Being a good neighbor is more or less about 　　　　　(consider) behavior.(2018·浙江卷,七选五) 
[完成句子]
④另外,考虑到你工作日很忙,你方便我们星期六下午在演讲厅见面吗?(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,书面表达)
Additionally,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　on weekdays,would it be convenient for you if we meet on Saturday afternoon in the lecture hall? 
考点必记
①out of consideration for...出于对……的考虑
under consideration在考虑中
take...into consideration考虑……
②consider v.考虑;认为
considerate adj.体贴的;考虑周到的
considerable adj.相当大的,值得考虑的
consider doing sth考虑做某事
consider it necessary/important/...to do sth认为做……是必要的/重要的/……
[写作佳句]
To meet the students’ reading demands,the school considers building a new library.为了满足学生读书的需要,学校考虑建一座新的图书馆。
13.concludevt.做出结论;结束;结束时说
[教材原句]Leeds University concluded that people made a distinction between bad language used in programmes for adults,and those meant for children.(P28) 利兹大学得出结论,人们对成年人节目和儿童节目中使用的不良语言是有区分的。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①They conclude 　　　　　when task interdependence is high,team performance will suffer when there is too much talent...(2019·北京卷,七选五) 
②It can 　　　　　(conclude) that restaurant keepers need not “be overly concerned about ‘bad’ tables”.(2018·江苏卷,阅读理解B篇) 
[小话题写作]
③总之,我完全相信,我可以了解他们的生活方式,并向他们传达广泛而深刻的中国文化。(2018·浙江卷,书面表达)
　　　　　　　　,I’m fully convinced that I can learn more about their lifestyles and convey to them the extensive and profound Chinese culture. 
考点必记
①conclude sth with sth以……结束……
conclude from sth that...从……中得出/推断出……
②conclusion n.结论,断案,结尾
draw/come to/arrive at/reach a conclusion得出结论
in conclusion最后,总之
[写作佳句]
We can safely drawtheconclusion that the harder you are,the luckier you will be.我们能很有把握得出结论:越努力,越幸运。
14.standfor代表,支持,忍受(某事情)
[教材原句]What does “G8”standfor?(P22) “G8”代表什么呢?
语境巧练
[完成句子]
①在中国,这些中国结代表着友谊、爱和好运。
In China,these Chinese knots 　　　　　　　　　　friendship,love and good luck. 
②一名学生的一张卡片对他来说特别突出,上面写着:“Haze先生,你是我的阳光。”(2019·天津卷,阅读表达)
One card from a student 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.It read:“Mr.Haze,you are my sunshine.” 
[小话题写作]
③由于我们学校非常重视这场比赛,所以我相信我们一定会脱颖而出。(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,书面表达)

考点必记
stand in (for sb)代替;顶替(某人)
stand by支持;袖手旁观;遵守(诺言等)
stand out突出;显眼
stand over sb监视某人
stand up to sb勇敢地反对某人
stand up for坚持;拥护;支持;捍卫
[名师点津]
stand by带有宾语时表示“支持某人”,而当其不带宾语时则表示“袖手旁观”。
15.infavourof支持,赞同
[教材原句]Since then,the law and the public opinion have been less infavourof the paparazzi and their job.(P24)从那时起,法律和公众舆论就很少支持狗仔队及其工作。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Could you do me 　　　　　favour and tell Kelly that I can’t accompany her on violin? 
[完成句子]
②会上大多数人都支持对法律进行改革。
The majority of the people at the meeting were 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the reform in the law. 
③我赞成学生在下个月接待英国学生时穿中国传统服装的观点。(2019·江苏卷,书面表达)
I　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the opinion that students wear traditional Chinese clothes when receiving the British students next month. 
考点必记
in one’s favour有利于某人
do sb a favour=do a favour for sb帮某人的忙
ask a favour of sb请某人帮个忙
owe sb a favour欠某人一个人情
[名师点津]
表示“支持某人”的结构还有:be for sb,agree with sb,support sb,be in support of sb等。
16.consistof由……组成
[教材原句]Some advertisements consistof pictures or the words of experts to show people how good the products are.(P26)有些广告含有一些图片或专家说的话,告诉人们该产品如何好。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems 　　　　　(consist) of heat detectors,smoke detectors and sprinklers.(2018·天津卷,阅读理解A篇) 
[完成句子]
②例如,大多数食物网由许多薄弱环节而不是一些牢固的环节所组成。
Most food webs,for instance,　　　　　　　　　　many weak links rather than a few strong ones.(2019·天津卷,阅读理解C篇) 
考点必记
①consist of由……组成
consist in=lie in存在于,在于
②consistent adj.一致的;持续的
be consistent with与……一致
be consistent in在……方面一致
[名师点津]
consist of=be made up of=be composed of,注意:consist of没有被动语态,应用主动表示被动意义,在句中也不用其过去分词形式做定语或状语。
[写作佳句]
Success consistsin the ability to continue efforts through failures.成功在于经过失败继续努力的能力。
17.“of+抽象名词”结构
[教材原句]AIDS is another problem ofgreatconcern so sex education and health care administration are extremely important.(P22)艾滋病是另一个深受关注的问题,所以性教育和保健管理非常重要。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①The far side of the moon is 　　　　　particular interest to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(环形山).(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,语法填空) 
②Yellowstone obviously was 　　　　　this second type,but Christiansen couldn’t find the caldera anywhere.(2019·江苏卷,阅读理解B篇) 
[小话题写作]
③你给我们提供的关于英语学习的建议十分有帮助。 (2019·浙江卷,书面表达)
The advice you provide to us on English study is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 
考点必记
①“of+抽象名词”相当于一个和该名词对应的形容词。有类似用法的有:of importance=important;of value=valuable;of no use=useless;of significance=significant;of benefit=beneficial等。
②该结构在句中常做表语、定语或宾语补足语,说明事物的性质或状态。
③此结构还常用于:of (+different,the same,similar等)+名词(colour,kind,type,sort,shape,size,age,date,width,depth,weight,height,length,quality,character,feature等)。
18.that引导表语从句
[教材原句]Their belief is that this is the only way for many of these nations to escape their painful pasts.(P22)人们坚信,这是使许多非洲国家摆脱痛苦的过去的唯一出路。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①The good news is 　　　　　it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,语法填空) 
②The first unique human characteristic is 　　　　　humans have extraordinarily large brains compared with other animals.(2019·江苏卷,任务型阅读) 
③And the other was 　　　　　I wanted to help people in need.(2019·全国