2021届高考英语二轮创新复习-专题四-第三节-重难增分五-特殊句式学案.doc

2021届高考英语二轮创新复习 专题四 第三节 重难增分五 特殊句式学案

2021届高考英语二轮创新复习 专题四 第三节 重难增分五 特殊句式学案

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重难增分五　特殊句式

授课提示：对应学生用书第70页
特殊句式在高考语法填空和短文改错中考查较少，但是作为语法中的一个重点和难点，我们应在备考中给予足够的重视。特殊句式的重要性主要体现在书面表达之中，它们基本上都是高级句式，其应用对于提升文章的档次起着举足轻重的作用。
语法填空中的特殊句式
[高考这样考]
1．(2018·高考天津卷改编)It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house ____________we saw Lily in the passenger seat.
2．(2016·高考全国卷Ⅱ)It could be anything—gardening，cooking，music，sports—but whatever it is，____________(make)sure it's a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.
[题目这么解]
1．牢记句型，攻克强调句(如T1)；
2．识别标志词，破解倒装句；
3．省略很重要，条件要记牢；
4．祈使很常见，动原开头现(如T2)；

[类题对点练]
1．It is on account of her enthusiasm and devotion that the teacher is respected by all her students.
2．Seldom did they watch TV those days；instead，they chatted with each other after supper.
3．Video games can be a poor influence if left(leave)in the wrong hands.
4．Follow your doctor's advice，and your illness will get better.
短文改错中的特殊句式
[高考这样考]
1．(2019·高考全国卷Ⅱ)They were two reasons for the decision.One was that...____________
2．(2017·高考全国卷Ⅰ)The instructor kept repeating the words，“Speed up！” “Slow down！” “Turning left！”____________
[题目这么解]
1．根据句式特点辨别目标句是不是特殊句式；
2．如果是特殊句式，看属于哪一类特殊句式；
3．根据该特殊句式的要求做出规范改动。
4．注意各特殊句式的常考点：(1)看到倒装句，要注意其谓语动词的人称和数；(2)要注意区分祈使句和非谓语动词作状语的情况；(3)句中若出现省略，要注意是否符合省略规则。
自我诊断：1.They→There　2.Turning→Turn
[类题对点练]
1．Children，when accompanying by their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium.
答案：Children，when by their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium.
2．Just as the old saying goes，“Happiness lies in contentment.” Only in this way we relax ourselves and achieve more progress.
答案：Just as the old saying goes，“Happiness lies in contentment.” Only in this way we relax ourselves and achieve more progress.
3．Therefore，it was no doubt that I was left alone，suffering from loneliness and failure.
答案：Therefore， was no doubt that I was left alone，suffering from loneliness and failure.
特殊句式的核心知识提炼
一、倒装
1．牢记部分倒装的三句式
(1)具有否定意义的词或短语(never，seldom，hardly，by no means，in no way)置于句首时，句子一般用部分倒装。
(2)当so/such...that...中的so/such置于句首时用部分倒装。
(3)only与其修饰的状语放至句首时，主句要使用部分倒装结构。但only修饰主语、宾语时，句子不用倒装。
2．全部倒装需记牢
表示时间、地点和动作转移的副词，如here，there，now，then，up，down，in，away，out等置于句首，且主语是名词，谓语动词是不及物动词时，句子需用完全倒装。
二、省略
　在状语从句中，若谓语中有be，且主语与主句主语相同或主语是it时，从句的主语和be动词常被同时省略。
三、强调
1．强调句型的陈述句：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who...
一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who...?
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that...?
2．强调谓语动词时，要在所强调的谓语动词前加助动词do，does或did。
四、祈使句与感叹句
1．祈使句表示“请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告”等。基本结构为：“动词(短语)原形＋连词＋句子(一般用将来时)”，连词常用and，or/otherwise。
2．感叹句主要包括：
(1)What＋a/an＋形容词＋单数名词＋主语＋谓语！
＝How＋形容词＋a/an＋单数名词＋主语＋谓语！
(2)What＋形容词＋不可数名词/复数名词＋主语＋谓语！
(3)How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语！
(4)How＋主语＋谓语！
五、there be结构
1．There be/stands/lies...有……
2．There is no possibility that...……没有可能性。
3．There is no sense doing sth.做……没有意义。
4．There seems to be...看起来似乎……。
5．There is no need to do sth.做某事没有必要。

授课提示：对应学生用书第71页
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Only when Lily walked into the office did she realize that she had left the contract at home.
2．Was it that Stanley failed the driving test again that made him depressed this morning?
3．It was because he missed the train to London yesterday that you met him there.
4．Into the dark classroom walked(walk)Cindy，who was surprised and moved when every student sang “Happy Birthday” to her.
5．Convenient as/though__they are，these apps present problems to both parents and teachers.
6．There is no need to worry about him as he is clever and experienced.
7．Not until the train pulled into the next station did__Mary find her suitcase gone.
8．Surround(surround)yourself with positive people，and you will keep focused on what you can do instead of what you can't.
9．However，if forced(force)to choose which is more important，American researchers now say friendship is more important than family，especially as people age.
10．What__great fun they are having in the sitting room!
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．It is your valuable guidance which has enabled me to visit the city without any trouble.
答案：It is your valuable guidance has enabled me to visit the city without any trouble.
2．I'd like to invite you to the coming Christmas party，which will take place on the second floor of the dining hall as expect.
答案：I'd like to invite you to the coming Christmas party，which will take place on the second floor of the dining hall as .
3．The shoemaker looked at the ticket and said，“Coming back tomorrow.They will be ready tomorrow.”
答案：The shoemaker looked at the ticket and said，“ back tomorrow.They will be ready tomorrow.”
4．Why not trying the cave dwellings(住宅)here?
答案：Why not the cave dwellings here?
5．My dear friends，don't afraid of problems，but take advantage of them to be the best of ourselves.
答案：My dear friends，don't afraid of problems，but take advantage of them to be the best of ourselves.
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020·福州高中毕业班检测)At about 3 p．m.on October 2，carpentry students from Harvard H．Ellis Technical High School(Ellis Tech)in the United States 1.____________(put)the finishing touches on a ramp(坡道)for the handicapped at Northeast Placement Services.It was a thing of 2.____________(beautiful)，leading from a platform outside one building to the entryway of the new Community Education Center.It was one year ago 3.____________students started the project.It took so long，because Ellis Tech has a rotating(轮流的)schedule—two weeks of academic work followed 4.____________two weeks of shop work.Their academic schedule made it difficult 5.____________(finish)the job very quickly.During the summer，work stopped altogether.
6．____________(arrive)at Ellis Tech，Senior Gabe Martel first didn't know he wanted to be a carpenter.He soon found the hands­on activity was 7.____________(benefit)to him.One thing he learned is that no project goes according to plan.They had to follow building rules and adapt 8.____________(they)quickly.They had to work with the customer and learn to get along with their teammates.
The next project will be at the Brooklyn Fairgrounds，where students will rebuild a part of the main stage.Unless it's 9.____________(extreme)cold in winter，they'll work 10.____________ couple of months.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一所学校木匠班的特色实践项目的相关内容。
1．解析：考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子成分可知，空处为句子的谓语，结合该句中的时间状语at about 3 p．m.on October 2可推知，此处表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，且与句子主语carpentry students(复数形式)呼应，所以填were putting。
答案：were putting
2．解析：考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处应为名词，作介词of的宾语，所以填beauty。
答案：beauty
3．解析：考查强调句。分析句子结构可知，此处为强调句结构It was...that...，对句子的时间状语one year ago进行强调，所以填that。
答案：that
4．解析：考查介词。分析句子结构可知，破折号后为补充说明的内容，空前用了过去分词followed，表示被动概念，所以填by。
答案：by
5．解析：考查非谓语动词。此处考查make it＋形容词＋to do sth.，其中it作形式宾语，不定式短语作真正的宾语，所以填to finish。
答案：to finish
6．解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，动词arrive和句子谓语didn't know之间没有连词，且和句子主语Senior Gabe Martel构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用其现在分词形式Arriving。
答案：Arriving
7．解析：考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处应为形容词，在系动词was后作表语，所以填beneficial。
答案：beneficial
8．解析：考查代词。adapt oneself“使自己适应”是固定用法，符合语境，又根据该句中的they可知，应填反身代词themselves。
答案：themselves
9．解析：考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处应为副词，修饰形容词cold，作状语，所以填extremely。
答案：extremely
10．解析：考查冠词。a couple of表示“几个”，为固定用法。
答案：a
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2020·山西省重点中学二次联考)I am David.As a eighteen­year­old student in Senior 3，there have always a new challenge just around the corner！At times they can be quite stressful，which in turn makes me feel very worry.In order to help deal this，I go jogging as often as possibly.Whether I'm at the gym and on the road，my nervous energy push me through one mile.By the second mile，the tension has moved from my mind to my leg.By the end of the run，all my stress has been disappeared and I am ready to meet more challenges with confidence the next day!
答案：
I am David.As eighteen­year­old student in Senior 3，there always a new challenge just around the corner！At times can be quite stressful，which in turn makes me feel very .In order to help deal this，I go jogging as often as .Whether I'm at the gym on the road，my nervous energy me through one mile.By the second mile，the tension has moved from my mind to my .By the end of the run，all my stress has disappeared and I am ready to meet more challenges with confidence the next day！