形容词、副词(六年级英语).doc

形容词、副词词及其比较等级一 形容词、副词的概念。形容词：是用来直接或间接地修饰，限定名词来说明人或物的性质、状态或特性的词。副词：是用来修饰动词或整个句子，使其更具体、更全面、更生动地描述动作或整个事情进行情况的词。一形容词、副词的用法1.形容词一般在句子中作定语，放在名词前，都含有“的”意思。如：a nice watch 一只漂亮的手表a clever boy一个聪明的男孩an empty box一个空箱子a beautiful girl一个美丽的女孩delicious food 可口的食物an interesting book一本有趣的书注意：有些形容词只能放在连系动词后做表语，不能修饰名词。如：The boy is asleep.Lucy and Lily look alike.Her mother is ill.2.副词一般修饰动词，可以放在句子的前面、中间或最后。如：They live happily.(快乐地)They are listening to the teacher carefully.（认真地）Dont speak loudly in class.（大声地）注意：连系动词不用副词修饰，直接加形容词做表语。连系动词有feel, smell, get, become, turn, sound, look等。如：Her face became pale.苍白的The fish smells terrible.难闻的The food tastes delicious.可口的This cloth feels soft.柔软的3. 部分形容词加-ly可变成副词。如：形容词 副词quick quicklyslow slowlyquiet quietlycareful carefullyhappy happily注意：并不是以ly结尾的单词都是副词，名词加-ly可变形容词。如： 名词 形容词friend friendly友好的sister sisterly 姐妹的brother brotherly兄弟的love lovely可爱的有些名词加-y可变成形容词。如：名词 形容词rain rainy下雨的snow snowy下雪的could cloudy多云的salt salty咸的fog fogy有雾的sand sandy有沙的wind windy有风的三形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则大多数形容词、副词都有等级的变化，表示“比更”或“最”。形容词用来表示物得等级差别一般有原级、比较级和最高级三种形式。如：tall- taller- tallest little- less- least fast- faster- fastest1.规则变化规则原级比较级最高级一般情况下，+er, +estquickcleverquickerclevererquickestcleverest一不发音的e结尾的单音节词，+r, +stnicelargenicerlargernicestlargest以辅音字母加y结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再+er, +estheavyeasyhappyheaviereasierhappierheaviesteasiesthappiest重读闭音节结尾的形容词或副词，要双写末尾的辅音字母，再+er, +estfatbigthinwetfatterbiggerthinnerwetterfattestbiggestthinnestwettest部分双音节和多音节词要在前面加more或mostcarefulinterestingbeautifulmore carefulmore interestingmore beautifulmost carefulmost interestingmost beautiful2.不规则变化good/well- better- bestbad- worse- worstmany/much- more- mostlittle- less- leastfar- farther- farthestfar- further- furthestold- older- oldestold- elder- elder四形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法。一原级的用法1. as 原级as 如一样A or B?如：Lily is as tall as Lucy.莉莉和露西一样高。2. not asas=not soas 不如 (表示否定)如: Mike is not as clever as Tom.迈克不如汤姆聪明。He is not so tall as his sister. 他没有姐姐长得高。二形容词、副词的比较级的用法。1. 句子结构：A + be.比较级 than + B。如：He is taller than me .他长得比我高。注意：much, rather, far, a bit, a little, even这些词常用来修饰形容词或副词的比较级。 如：He is much taller than Peter. 他的个子比彼得的个子高得多。2. 形容词或副词的最高级前要用the,副词的最高级前的the可省去。如：He runs (the) fastest in his class.他在班上跑得最快。Yao Ming is the tallest in Chinese basketball team.姚明是中国篮球队中长得最高的队员。3. who/which + be+ 比较级，如： Who is taller, Tom or John?4. much/ a little, a lot等可以修饰比较级如：The elephant is much bigger than the dog.5. the + 比较级，the + 比较级 表示“越。就越。”如：The more you learn, the more you know.6. 形容词比较级+ and +形容词比较级 表示“越来越。”如：The clothes are more and more expensive.衣服越来越贵了The ball is bigger and bigger. 气球越来越大了。三形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法。1 .who/which + be+ 比较级，如： Who is the tallest, Tom , Tim or John?2. one of the 最高级+名词复数： 表示最。的。其中之一如：She is one of the tallest girls in her class.3. + be + the +序数词+ 最高级+单数名词+比较范围 表示“是的第几”如：She is the second tallest student in our class. 她是我们班第二高的学生。专题训练 （简单型）一按要求写出下列单词的正确形式。1. good(比较级)_ 2. thin (最高级) _3. heavy(比较级) _ 4. happy(最高级) _5. bad(比较级) _ 6. little(最高级) _7. far(比较级) _ 8. careful(副词) _9. slow(副词) _ 10. earliest (原级) _一写出下面次的比较级和最高级。1. tall _ _ 2. heavy _ _3. small _ _ 4. big _ _5. young _ _ 6. old _ _7. fat _ _ 8. strong _ _9. thin _ _ 10. much _ _11. good _ _ 12. little _ _13. easy _ _ 14. large _ _15. high _ _ 16. pretty _ _17. late _ _ 18. slowly _ _19. beautiful _ _20. interesting _ _二选择题。(简单型)（ ）1. The yellow shoes are _ than the blue ones.A. expensive B. expensiver C. more expensive （ ）2. A cow is _ bigger than a mouse.A. more B. much C. many（ ）3. Whos the _, Jean, Joan or Jennet?A. thinner B. thinest C. thinnest（ ）4. I dont have enough money for this skirt . I want to buy a _ skirt.A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest（ ）5. Tim is _ than Jack.A. funny B. much funny C. funnier（ ）6. There is _ water in this bottle than in that one. A. little B. less C. least（ ）7. Im taller than others in my class. Im _.A. tall B. tallest C. the tallest（ ）8. Who can sing better _ Rose?A. than B. then C. /（ ）9. I have _ books than you have.A. many B. much C. more （ ）10. Nine is _ pupil in my class.A. good B. better C. the best选择题。（中等型）（ ）1. Which subject do you like _, maths or English? A. good B. better C. well D. best（ ）2. This red rose is _ of all flowers. A. beautiful B. much more beautiful C. well D. the best（ ）3. My book is newer than _. A. he B. his C. our D. we（ ）4. He is _ student in his class. A. good B. better C. the best D. best（ ）5. Look! The bee_ than the bird. A. fly higher B. is flying higher C. as high as D. flies higher（ ）6. His hens are _ and fat. A. big B. bigger C. biggest D. the biggest（ ）7. She knows _ about history than most people. A. more B. much C. most D. many（ ）8. It was really a(an)_ story. A. afraid B. excited C. exciting D. worried（ ）9. Which city is _ from here, Beijing or Shanghai? A. far B. farther C. farthest D. the farthest（ ）10. This building is _ that tree. A. so tall as B. as tall as C. so taller as D. as taller as三根据句意，用所给形容词或副词的正确形式填空。1. Winter is _(cold) season of the year.2. Jim works _(hard), but hid brother works_(hard) than he.3. This radio is not so_(cheap) as that one.4. Its much _(hot) today than yesterday.5. Please listen to me _(carefully).6. I like getting up _(early).7. Mr Smith is the _(rich) man in this office.8. Things are getting _(bad) and _(bad).9. It smells _(terrible).10. The higher you climb, the _(cold) it will be.11. The boy is _(tall) than the girl.12. She is the _(short) in her class.13. His Chinese is _(good) than his English.14. She is _(heavy) than his sister.15. The red apple is the _(big) of the three.16. Im _(thin) than Kate.四句型转换。1. He isnt so tall as his father.(改为同义句)His father _ _ than him.2. He runs faster than any other people in the class.He runs_ _ in the class.3. I like English better than maths. (用which提问)_ _you like better ,maths or English?4. Lesson One is interesting. Lesson Two is more interesting.Lesson One is_ _than Lesson Two.5. 长江是世界上最长的河流之一。The Changjiang River is one of _ _ _ in the world.翻译下列短语。（简单型）1. 可爱的女孩_ 2. 热狗_3. 美丽的花朵_ 4. 高树_5. 努力工作_ 6. 新的邮票_7幸福的家庭_ 8. 好学生_9. 顽皮的猫_ 10. 同班_11. 好消息_ 12. 整齐的房间_13. 好朋友_ 14. 圆脸_15. 仔细听_ 16. 长长的鼻子_17. 晴天_ 18. 直走_19. 雨天_ 20. 红灯_21. 清洁的教室_ 22. 汉语老师_23. 一起玩_ 24. 左手_25. 有趣的游戏_ 26. 右脚_将下列短语译成汉语。a red apple_ a long and big bus_a long ruler_ a round ball_a nice dress_ a lovely girl_a beautiful girl_ come late_a new stamp_ work hard_读一读，填一填。（中等型）1. I have a _(新的地图)2. Our school is _（大的和干净的）3. _ （又高又瘦的）boy is my brother.4. My test book is _（薄的）, but my dictionary is _（厚的）5. Her skirt is _（短的）, but her trousers are _（长的）.6. The sun is _（热的）, and the snow is _（冷的）.7. My brother is _（年轻的）, but my grandpa is _（年老的）8. My father is _（瘦的）, but my mother is _（肥的）9. The dog is _（较大）than the cat.10. The girl is _ （最年轻）in Class 4.11. My brother _ (比我大一岁).12. Some people think English _(重要过) than music.13. (你更加喜欢哪一个)_, pears or apples?14. (我更加喜欢雪梨)_ than apples.15. (谁是最漂亮的)_, Jean, May or Jenny?16. Mike (学习最努力)_ of our three.17. Kate jumps highest _(我们四个人中)18. My father is the tallest _(在我们家).用适当的反义词填空。（中等型）1. Are those books new or _?2. Our classroom is not _. It is very clean.3. Is this a _ box or a small box?4. Is your pencil long or _?5. My grandpa is so old , and my brother is so_.6. Is his answer right or _?7. This woman is fat and that man is so _.8. The ink is black and the paper is _.9. This child is so short and his father is so _.10. This book is so thin and that dictionary is so _.11. The weather is _. Lets go into the cold water.12. Dont be late. Lets go to school_.找出与句子中划线单词意思相反的词，将其序号填在括号内。( )1. Wu Yan is 158 cm tall.A. thin B. short C. fat( )2. Amy is smaller than Sue.A. big B. bigger C. biggest( )3. Whos fatter than you?A. longer B. stronger C. thinner( )4. Im older and bigger than you.A. taller and smaller B. younger and smaller C. younger and heavier( )5. Im 166 cm. Im the tallest one in our class.A. smallest B. thinnest C. shortest选择正确的句子完成对话。（简单型）A. How many seasons are there in a year?B. Its green with flowers.C. No, its not cool. Its very cold.D. Theyre spring, summer, fall and winter.A: _1_B: Therere four seasons in a year.A: What are they ?B: _2_.A: Whats spring like?B: _3_.A: How about winter? Is it cool?B: _4_选择题。（模拟题）( )1. Which is _, the elephant or the horse?A. heavy B. the heavier C. heavier D. the heaviest( )2. Ben runs _ than Tom.A. slow B. fast C. faster D. slowly( )3. Our classroom is _ one in our school.A. bigger B. biggest C. big D. the biggest( )4. The bottle of milk is _-. Could you give me a full one?A. heavy B. empty C. small D. big( )5. The white shirt is as _ as the yellow ine.A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest( )6. Shanghai _ than Shenyang.A. are warmer B. is warmer C. warmer D. the warmer( )7. This box is the _ of the three.A. heavy B. heavier C. the heaviest D. heaviest( )8. The woman is fifty, but she looks_.A. new B. young C. thin D. old ( )9. Do you play the piano_?A. badly B. bad C. good D. nice( )10. Its getting _ now.A. warmer and warmer B. warm and warmC. the warmer and the warmer D. more and more warm( )11. Mary likes singing, but she sings very_.A. badly B. bad C. good D. well( )12. Fujian is _ warmer than Beijing in spring.A. more B. much C. many D. most( )13. I am much _ than you.A. strong B. stronger C. the stronger D. strongest( )14. Im 12 years _.A. old B. older C. oldest D. elder( )15. The man is old, but he looks _.A. good B. nice C. right D. young( )16. _ Helens schoolbag _ than Nancys?A. Is, heavy B. Is, heavier C. Does, heavier D. Are, heavier( )17. I think he is _ old.A. very B. much C. more D. very much( )18. Tom is my _ film star.A. like B. best C. favorite D. good( )19. All of us were very _ at the party.A. excited B. exciting C. an exciting D. excite( )20. My uncle is forty, but he _ than my father.A. look young B. looks like young C. looks younger D. looks getting young( )21. The monkey is not as_ as we are.A. clever B. cleverer C. cleverest D. the cleverest( )22. Peter is older than any other _ in his class.A. students B. the students C. student D. students( )23. Winter is the _ season of the year.A. cold B. colder C. coldest D. colder