on-the-factors-affecting-effective-english-teaching-in-vocational-colleges--英语论文.doc

On the Factors Affecting Effective English Teaching in Vocational Colleges
Abstract： Based on the previous researches， this thesis explores the present situation of effective English teaching in GUET Vocational College， by taking students from grade 2015 as study objects， and focusing on factors of students， English teachers， textbooks， and evaluation system， then points out the existing problems and analyzes the reasons based on the results of the questionnaires， and finally puts forward some practical solutions， trying to offer some suggestions for effective English teaching in the college.
Key words： Higher Vocational College； effective teaching； college English teaching

INTRODUCTION
　　WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOCIAL ECONOMY， AND THE INDUSTRIAL TRANSFORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF GUANGXI BEIBU-GULF ECONOMIC ZONE， INDUSTRIES ARE NOW MAKING HIGHER REQUIREMENTS FOR THE COMPREHENSIVE QUALITY OF THE TALENTS. ENGLISH IS AN IMPORTANT APPROACH OR TOOL FOR THESE HIGHLY SKILLED TALENTS ENABLING THEM TO RECEIVE NEW TECHNICAL INFORMATION FROM THE WHOLE WORLD.
　　CURRENT ENGLISH TEACHING IN GUET VOCATIONAL COLLEGE
　　GUET VOCATIONAL COLLEGE， WHICH IS SUPPORTED BY GUILIN UNIVERSITY OF ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY， IS AN INFLUENTIAL COLLEGE OF GUANGXI BEIBU-GULF ECONOMIC ZONE. WHEREAS， RESEARCH FROM EMPLOYMENT FEEDBACK IN THE PAST TWO YEARS REVEALS THAT THE GRADUATES FROM OUR COLLEGE HAVE A LOT OF DIFFICULTIES IN USING ENGLISH ON A DAILY WORKING BASIS. AS AN ENGLISH TEACHER IN GUET VOCATIONAL COLLEGE， THE AUTHOR NOTICED THERE ARE MANY PROBLEMS IN ENGLISH TEACHING IN THE COLLEGE.
　　1） WHAT ARE THE LEARNING AND TEACHING SITUATIONS IN GUET VOCATIONAL COLLEGE？ WHAT ARE THE MAJOR PROBLEMS？
　　2） WHAT ARE THE MAJOR REASONS IN THE PRESENT SITUATION？
　　3） IN WHAT WAY COULD ENGLISH TEACHING IN THE COLLEGE BECOME MORE EFFECTIVE？
　　IN ORDER TO FIND OUT THE CURRENT TEACHING SITUATION IN THE COLLEGE， THE AUTHOR DESIGNED A QUESTIONNAIRE. IN ORDER TO ENSURE THE DATA OBTAINED REPRESENTATIVE， THE AUTHOR CARRIED OUT A QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY ON ENGLISH TEACHING AMONG 200 NON-ENGLISH MAJOR STUDENTS FROM DIFFERENT MAJORS.
　　FROM THE SURVEY， WHEN ASKED ABOUT THE SATISFACTION ABOUT THEIR ENGLISH TEACHERS， ONLY 1 PERCENT OF STUDENTS DO NOT FEEL SATISFIED WITH THE ENGLISH TEACHER’S PERSONALITY. 36.5 PERCENT OF THE STUDENTS FEEL SATISFIED WITH THE ENGLISH TEACHER’S TEACHING METHODS， WHILE THE REST THINK “SO SO” ， OR “BAD” . ON THE QUESTION “DID THE ENGLISH TEACHER HAVE SPECIFIC WAYS TO HELP THE ENGLISH-POOR STUDENTS？”， ONLY 28.5 PERCENT OF THE STUDENT ANSWER “YES”，2 PERCENT OF THE STUDENTS ANSWER “SOMETIMES”， AND THE REST， 9.5 PERCENT， OF THE STUDENTS CHOOSE “NO”. ON THE QUESTION ABOUT SATISFACTION OF TEXTBOOKS， THERE ARE ONLY 24.5 PERCENT OF THE STUDENTS WHO THINK THE TEXTBOOKS ARE SUITABLE FOR THEM， 32.5 PERCENT OF THE STUDENTS THINK THE DIFFICULT LEVEL OF THE TEXTBOOKS IS APPROPRIATE. AS FOR THE EVALUATION SYSTEM， 58.5 PERCENT OF THE STUDENTS DO NOT THINK THE FINAL EXAM THEY ARE TAKING CAN SHOW THEIR ENGLISH ABILITY EFFICIENTLY， AND HALF STUDENTS HOPE THERE WOULD BE SOME MORE WAYS TO EVALUATE THEIR ENGLISH ABILITY. 　　ANALYSIS OF THE FACTORS AFFECTING EFFECTIVE TEACHING IN GUET VOCATIONAL COLLEGE
　　AFTER DOING RESEARCH， USING THE EXPERIENCE OF OTHER RESEARCH ACHIEVEMENTS FOR REFERENCE， AND COMBINING WITH THE SURVEY RESULTS， THE AUTHOR FINDS THAT THERE ARE MANY FACTORS LEADING TO LOW EFFECTIVE ENGLISH TEACHING IN GUET VOCATIONAL COLLEGE.
　　1. FACTORS OF TEACHERS
　　ENGLISH TEACHERS ARE ORGANIZERS OF TEACHING ACTIVITIES， AND PRACTITIONERS OF TEACHING METHODS. TEACHERS’ QUALITIES AND ACCOMPLISHMENTS ARE KEY POINTS TO MOTIVATING COLLEGE ENGLISH TEACHING LEVELS. THE AUTHOR FOUND OUT THAT THERE ARE SOME PROBLEMS WHICH EXIST IN THE ENGLISH TEACHERS WHICH WOULD BRING NEGATIVE EFFECTS TO ENGLISH TEACHING IN GUET VOCATIONAL COLLEGE. THEY ARE TEACHING FACULTY， STRUCTURE OF TEACHERS， QUALIFICATION OF TEACHERS， AND TEACHING CONCEPTS. THE BASIC CONDITIONS FOR ORDINARY UNIVERSITIES /COLLEGES MAKES ONE STANDARD REQUIREMENT IS THAT THE STUDENT-FACULTY RATIO SHOULD NOT EXCEED 18 TO 1. THERE ARE ALMOST 2，500 FRESHMEN IN 2015， WHILE THERE ARE ONLY 12 FULL-TIME ENGLISH TEACHERS. CONCERNING PROFESSIONAL TITLES， THERE ARE ONLY ONE ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR， FOUR LECTURERS， AND SEVEN TEACHING ASSISTANTS. TEACHERS’ TEACHING CONCEPTS REFERS TO THE TEACHERS’ SYSTEMATIC AND ESSENTIAL UNDERSTANDING OF TEACHING ACTIVITY. IT IS NOT A STUDENT-ORIENTED CONCEPT IF ENGLISH TEACHERS IGNORE STUDENTS’ INTERESTS， ENGLISH ABILITY AND THEIR STUDY GOALS， CARRY OUT THE UNIFIED TEACHING SYLLABUS UNQUESTIONINGLY， USE THE UNIFIED TEXTBOOKS， AND EVALUATE ENGLISH TEACHING ONLY BY THE FINAL EXAMINATION ENGLISH TESTS.
　　2. FACTORS OF TEXTBOOKS
　　BOOKS ARE CARRIERS OF KNOWLEDGE. TEXTBOOKS ARE THE BASIS FOR TEACHING. TEXTBOOKS ARE INSTRUMENTS FOR FULFILLING TEACHING OBJECTIVES. TEACHING RESULTS ARE AFFECTED BY THE QUALITY OF THE TEXTBOOKS， AS WELL AS STUDENTS’ SUITABILITY TO THE TEXTBOOKS. WHAT STUDENTS ASK FOR IS SOME PROFESSIONAL ENGLISH KNOWLEDGE RELATED TO THEIR MAJORS. OBVIOUSLY， IT IS UNREASONABLE FOR DIFFERENT QUALITY STUDENTS FROM DIFFERENT MAJORS TO USE THE SAME TEXTBOOKS.
　　3. FACTORS OF THE EVALUATION SYSTEM
　　TEACHING EVALUATION IS AN IMPORTANT PART OF COLLEGE ENGLISH TEACHING IN HIGHER VOCATIONAL COLLEGES. IN ORDER TO FULFILL TEACHING OBJECTIVES， A COLLEGE SHOULD HAVE AN ALL-SIDED， OBJECTIVE， SCIENTIFIC， PRECISE EVALUATION SYSTEM. THE EVALUATION SYSTEM FOR ENGLISH LEARNING IN GUET VOCATIONAL COLLEGE MAINLY CONSISTS OF TWO PARTS， ONE IS DAILY PERFORMANCE WHICH TAKES 30 PERCENTS OF THE FINAL TOTAL GRADE， AND THE OTHER ONE IS FINAL EXAM RESULT WHICH TAKES 70 PERCENTS. THIS KIND OF EVALUATION SYSTEM DOES NOT SHOW STUDENTS’ REAL ENGLISH KNOWLEDGE AND THEIR APPLIED ENGLISH ABILITIES OBJECTIVELY. 　　SUGGESTIONS FOR EFFECTIVE ENGLISH TEACHING
　　1. THE IMPROVEMENT OF TEACHERS’ QUALITY
　　TEACHERS’ PROFESSIONAL QUALITY IS THE BASIC QUALITY REQUIREMENT FOR THOSE WHO WORK AS TEACHERS. STUDENTS’ QUALITY DEPENDS ON THE TEACHERS’ QUALITY. THE AUTHOR BELIEVES THAT， IN ORDER TO IMPROVE THE ENGLISH TEACHERS’ PROFESSIONAL QUALITY， WE SHOULD FOCUS ON THREE ASPECTS， BUILDING A CONTINGENT OF “DOUBLE-QUALIFIED” TEACHER， CHANGING TEACHERS TEACHING CONCEPTS， AND RECRUITING HIGHLY-QUALIFIED ENGLISH TALENTS. “DOUBLE-QUALIFIED” TEACHER REFERS TO A TEACHER WHO HAS ACHIEVED TEACHER CERTIFICATION AND VOCATIONAL QUALIFICATION AT THE SAME TIME. “DOUBLE-QUALIFIED” TEACHERS HAVE COMPOUNDED TALENTS AND HAVE BOTH EDUCATIONAL TEACHING ABILITY AND WORK EXPERIENCE. TEACHING CONCEPTS ARE TEACHERS’ RATIONAL CONCLUSIONS BY REFLECTING TEACHING PRACTICE. TEACHERS’ TEACHING JUDGMENTS AND TEACHERS’ TEACHING ANTICIPATION ARE INFLUENCED BY TEACHING CONCEPTS. THE TEACHING FACULTY IN GUET VOCATIONAL COLLEGE IS NOT ENOUGH. IT IS A GOOD WAY TO IMPROVE ENGLISH TEACHERS’ PROFESSIONAL QUALITY BY RECRUITING HIGHLY-QUALIFIED ENGLISH TALENTS.
　　2. PRODUCING REASONABLE CLASS TEACHING
　　REASONABLE TEACHING MEANS BOTH TEACHERS AND STUDENTS SHOULD OBEY OBJECTIVE TEACHING RULES， MAKING THE BEST OF LIMITED CLASS TIME TO FINISH TEACHING CONTENTS AND FULFILL TEACHING OBJECTIVES. FIRSTLY， ENGLISH TEACHERS SHOULD DO GOOD PREPARATION BEFORE CLASS. A GOOD PREPARATION FOR CLASSES IS THE PRECONDITION AND THE BASIS FOR EFFECTIVE TEACHING. SECONDLY， PRODUCE DISTINCTIVE SCHOOL-BASED ENGLISH TEXTBOOKS. BY CONSIDERING BOTH THE STUDENTS’ MAJORS AND THEIR FUTURE WORK POSITIONS， ENGLISH TEACHERS COULD PRODUCE PRACTICAL SCHOOL-BASED ENGLISH TEXTBOOKS BASE ON STUDENTS’ ENGLISH FOUNDATIONS. THIRDLY， USE SUITABLE TEACHING METHODS. TEACHING METHOD IS AN UMBRELLA NAME FOR WAYS OR MEANS TEACHERS USE DURING TEACHING ACTIVITIES， BY WHICH TEACHERS AND STUDENTS WORK TOGETHER TO FULFILL TEACHING OBJECTIVES AND FINISH TEACHING TASKS.
　　3. EVALUATION SYSTEM
　　AS A UNIQUE SUBJECT， ENGLISH TEACHING IN VOCATIONAL COLLEGE MUST FOCUS ON TEACHING STUDENTS’ LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE； EQUALLY IMPORTANT IS TRAINING STUDENTS’ PRACTICAL ENGLISH SKILLS. BASED ON CONSTRUCTIVISM LEARNING THEORY， THE AUTHOR PUTS FORWARD THAT AN EFFECTIVE ENGLISH CLASS SHOULD CONSIST OF THE FOLLOWING SIX PARTS. FIRST， STUDENTS PARTICIPATE IN THE CLASS ACTIVELY AND ENTHUSIASTICALLY. SECOND， THERE SHOULD BE EFFECTIVE INTERACTIONS， NOT ONLY BETWEEN STUDENTS AND TEACHER， BUT ALSO BETWEEN STUDENTS AND STUDENTS. THIRD， STUDENTS’ LEARNING MATERIALS， STUDY TIME AND LEARNING SPACE SHOULD BE FULLY GUARANTEED. FOURTH， STUDENTS FORM AN ACTUAL UNDERSTANDING ABOUT THE KNOWLEDGE. FIFTH， STUDENTS’ SELF-MONITORING ABILITY AND REFLECTIVE ABILITY SHOULD BE ENHANCED DURING THE CLASS. SIXTH， STUDENTS GAIN POSITIVE EMOTIONAL EXPERIENCE DURING THE CLASS. THE EVALUATION FORMULA FOR FINAL GRADES COULD BE： FINAL GRADE = DAILY PERFORMANCE + FINAL EXAMINATION ， WHILE DAILY PERFORMANCE = ATTENDANCE + CLASS PERFORMANCE + HOMEWORK + LEARNING ATTITUDE + UNIT TESTS ， AND FINAL EXAMINATION=ORAL ENGLISH TEST + FINAL TEST .
　　CONCLUSION
　　TO CONCLUDE， ENGLISH TEACHING IN VOCATIONAL COLLEGE IS A VERY IMPORTANT PART FOR HIGHER EDUCATION. THERE WOULD BE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR ENGLISH TEACHING IN DIFFERENT STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT， DIFFERENT DISTRICTS， AND DIFFERENT COLLEGES. THEREFORE， HOW TO IMPROVE EFFECTIVE ENGLISH TEACHING IN VOCATIONAL COLLEGES IS A PROBLEM FOR ENGLISH TEACHERS WHO ARE WORKING IN VOCATIONAL COLLEGES.
　　REFERENCES
　　[1] AUSUBEL， D.P. 1968. EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY： A COGNITIVE VIEW. [M]. NEW YORK： HOLT， RINEHART & WINSTON.
　　[2] GOOD， T.L. & BROPHY， J.E.透视课堂[M].陶志琼，译.北京：中国轻工业出版社，2009.
　　[3] 曹琼.有效性教学研究有效性教学研究[D].苏州大学，2004.
　　[4] 陈厚德.有效教学[M].北京：教育科学出版社，2000.
　　[5] 高慎英，刘良华.有效教学论[M].广东：广东教育出版社，2004.
目 录

1 总 论 1
1.1 项目概况 1
1.2 建设单位概况 3
1.3 项目提出的理由与过程 3
1.4 可行性研究报告编制依据 4
1.5 可行性研究报告编制原则 4
1.6 可行性研究范围 5
1.7 结论与建议 6
2 项目建设背景和必要性 9
2.1 项目区基本状况 9
2.2 项目背景 11
2.3 项目建设的必要性 11
3 市场分析 14
3.1 物流园区的发展概况 14
3.2 市场供求现状 16
3.3 目标市场定位 17
3.4 市场竞争力分析  17
4 项目选址和建设条件 19
4.1 选址原则 19
4.2 项目选址 19
4.3 场址所在位置现状 19
4.4 建设条件 20
5 主要功能和建设规模 22
5.1 主要功能 22
5.2 建设规模及内容 26
6 工程建设方案 27
6.1 设计依据 27
6.2 物流空间布局的要求 27
6.3 空间布局原则 28
6.4 总体布局 29
6.5 工程建设方案 30
6.6 给水工程 33
6.7 排水工程 35
6.8 电力工程 38
6.9 供热工程 46
6.10 电讯工程 47
7 工艺技术和设备方案 51
7.1 物流技术方案 51
7.2 制冷工艺技术方案 67
8 节能方案分析 73
8.1 节能依据 73
8.2 能耗指标分析 73
8.3 主要耗能指标计算 74
8.4 节能措施和节能效果分析 76
9　环境影响评价 83
9.1 设计依据 83
9.2 环境影响评价应坚持的原则 83
9.3　项目位置环境现状 84
9.4　项目建设与运营对环境的影响 84
9.5　项目建设期环境保护措施 84
9.6 项目运行期环境保护措施 86
10 安全与消防 87
10.1　安全措施 87
10.2　消防 88
11 组织机构和人力资源配置 92
11.1 施工组织机构 92
11.2 基建项目部的主要职责 92
11.3 运营管理 93
11.4 人员来源、要求及培训 94
12 工程进度安排 96
12.1 建设工期 96
12.2 工程实施进度安排 96
13 投资估算与资金筹措 98
13.1 投资估算 98
投资估算包括建设项目的全部工程，主要内容有：主体建筑工程、道路硬化工程、绿化工程、其他费用及基本预备费。 98
13.2 资金筹措 99
14 财务评价 102
14.1 评价依据及方法 102
14.2 基础数据与参数选取 102
14.3 营业收入及总成本费用估算 103
14.4 利润总额估算 105
14.5 盈亏平衡分析 105
14.6 财务评价 106
15 综合效益评价 107
16 招投标管理 108
16.1 编制依据 108
16.2 招标原则 108
16.3 招标方案 109
16.4 评标要点 110
17 结论及建议 111
17.1 结论 111
17.2 建议 112