必修2Unit4词汇学案.doc

Book2 Unit4 Wildlife Protection
Learning Objectives:
1. By filling in the blanks, Ss can know something about the usages of the words ,phrases and sentence patterns.
2. By explaining the key points, Ss can mater the usages of the usages of the words ,phrases and sentence patterns.
Part One: Key Words
1．decrease vt.& vi.减少；(使)变小；或变少 n．减少，减小
If their habitat is threatened or they cannot find enough food，their numbers may decrease.(P25) 如果它们的栖息地受到威胁或是它们找不到足够的食物，它们的数量就会减少。
They are making every effort to decrease the production cost.他们正尽力降低生产成本。
There's a decrease in the annual birthrate. 年出生率正在下降。
归纳拓展：①on the decrease在减少中 a decrease in...在……方面减少了
②decrease to...减少到…… decrease by...减少了……decrease from...to...从……减少到……
③on the increase 在增加
The price of wheat _____________________15%. 小麦价格降低了15%。
The mistakes he has made are __________________. 他犯的错误正在减少。
介词填空 ①There has been some decrease ________ traffic accidents this year.
②To our delight，varieties of birds in the forest are ________ the increase.
2．hunt vt.& vi.打猎；猎取；搜寻
too much hunting in the 1950s (P25) 二十世纪五十年代的过度捕杀
At one time man had to hunt to survive. 从前人类要以打猎为生。
归纳拓展：
hunt for sth.搜索；寻找某物 hunt sp.for sb./sth.搜索某地寻找某人/物
hunt after 追逐，追求 go hunting去打猎
Many people _____________ fame in their lives but never find it.很多人一生追逐名誉，但是总不能成功。
He's on holiday in Africa，_____________ animals. 他正在非洲度假，打猎呢。
完成句子
①他一直在找工作。 He has been ____________ a job.
②他们搜遍树林寻找从动物园里逃出来的狮子。
They ______________ the wood __________ the lion escaping from the zoo.
3．respond vi.回答；响应；做出反应
Daisy responded immediately. “I'd like to see some endangered wildlife，”she said.(P26)戴茜马上回答，她说：“我想去看看一些濒临灭绝的野生动植物。”
I asked her what the time was，but she _____________. 我问她几点了，但她没回答。
①respond to...回应……；对……做出反应 respond by doing sth.以某种方式回应
②response n．响应；回答 ③in response to作为对……的答复/反应(通常作状语)
④ make (no) response to 对……（不）回应/回答
完成句子
①她收到我的信时，给我回了个电话。She ____________ my letter with a phone call.
②这种产品是为了满足顾客的需要而开发的。
The product was developed ________ customers' demand.
③尽管听到了这个问题，他没有做出回应。
In spite of hearing the question，he_____________________ it.
4．relief n．(痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物；缓解；宽慰
In relief Daisy burst into laughter.(P26) 戴茜如释重负，突然笑了起来。
It was a relief to be able to talk to someone about it.
能和别人谈谈这件事，感到舒心多了。
①relief of/from ……的减轻/消除 in relief如释重负；松了口气
to one's relief令人感到欣慰的是
②relieve vt.减轻；缓解；消除 relieved adj.宽慰的；不再忧虑的
Hearing the news，he breathed ______________. 听到这个消息，他如释重负地松了口气。
_______________，they all got home safely. 他们都安全地到家了，让我们松了口气。
5．mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；怜悯；幸运
Farmers hunted us without mercy.(P26) 农民毫不留情地捕杀我们。
It's a mercy she wasn't seriously hurt. 很幸运她伤得不重。
归纳拓展：
①show mercy to 怜悯某人 have mercy on对……表示怜悯
at the mercy of任凭……的摆布；在……的支配中 without mercy残忍地，毫无同情心地
②merciful adj.仁慈的；宽大的
We had no choice and had to be ___________ the sea. 我们别无选择，只好受大海的摆布。
They ___________________their neighbor for he suffered a lot.他们对他们的邻居表示同情，他受的苦难太多了。
在下列各句中填入恰当的动词或介词
①He ________ mercy to the people in trouble.
②The cruel boss usually treats his workers ________ mercy.
6．certain adj.确定的；某一；一定
They allowed tourists to hunt only a certain number of animals if they paid the farmers.(P26)如果游客付给农民钱的话，他们允许游客猎取一定数量的动物。
I was certain that he had seen me. 我肯定他已经看见我了。
归纳拓展： ①be certain of/about...对……有把握，确信……be certain to do sth.确定做某事
It is certain that...一定能…… for certain＝for sure确定无疑地，准确地
②certainly adv.当然，确定 ③certainty n．确定，必然的事
With careful preparation，he is quite _____________ success；that is，he is ____________ succeed.由于精心准备，他确信会成功；也就是说，他一定会成功。
注意： certain表示知道是“某些”，但不明确指出，后接复数名词。a certain等于some，后接可数名词单数，表示“某一”。 There is a certain Mr. Smith on the phone for you.有位史密斯先生打电话找你。
7．It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.(P26)它含有一种强效的药物可以预防蚊子。
(1)contain vt.包含；包括；容纳；控制；抑制
The jar contains ten glasses of water.__________________________
The pill contains vitamins. ___________________________
She was unable to contain her excitement.__________________________
contain/include
contain
可指所包含或容纳的全部内容或某物的成分。
主语与宾语不是同一类的东西。
include
指作为整体中的一部分而被包括进去，常使用“including＋被包括部分”或“被包括部分＋included”的结构。
There are 60 students in our class，___________________________.＝There are 60 students in our class,_________________________. 我们班有60名学生，其中有20名女学生。
用contain/include的适当形式填空
①She couldn't ________ herself. ②The book ________50 stories，________ 15 short stories.
(2)affect vt.影响；感动；侵袭 affection n. 喜爱；钟爱
have an effect on 对……有影响
As is known to us，smoking___________________ our health.众所周知，吸烟对我们的身体健康有不良影响。
She is affected with cancer.__________________
All the people in the room were affected to tears. _________________________
8. appreciate vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到
Her abilities are not fully appreciated by her employer. 她的才干尚未得到雇主的充分赏识。
I ________________ when we moved.我很感激他在我们搬家时给予的帮助。
归纳拓展：①appreciate sth.感激，欣赏 ②appreciate(one's)doing...感激(某人)做某事
③would appreciate it if...要是……将不胜感激 ④appreciation n．欣赏；鉴别；感激
I appreciate your helping very much. 我非常感激你的帮助。
He said he would appreciate it if you could give him a hand.他说要是你能帮他的忙，他会非常感激。
【提示】　appreciate后面若跟when/if引导的从句时，从句之前应用it，和appreciate用法一样的动词还有hate/love/like/dislike等。
语法填空
①I'd appreciate ________ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.
②None of us appreciate ________ fun of in our daily life.
9．succeed vi.成功
What must be done if wildlife protection is to succeed？(P27)如果要使野生生物保护得以成功，必须做些什么？
I'm sure you'll succeed if you work hard. 你只要努力，我肯定你会成功的。
归纳拓展： succeed in(doing)sth.成功完成某事 success n．成功 successful adj.成功的
successfully adv.圆满地；顺利地；成功地
Did he _________________ passing the exam? 他考试及格了吗？
用succeed的适当形式或短语填空:
After ____________ his father's company as president of it ________，he ____________ making the company more ________ in its field，which helped to make him a big ________ in turn.
10．employ vt.雇用；利用(时间、精力等)
Can they be employed to work in the park and not hurt the animals？(P27) 可以雇用他们在公园工作而不伤害动物吗？
归纳拓展：①employ sb.as...雇用某人任…… employ sb.to do sth.雇用某人做某事
忙于；从事于(做)某事
②employer n．雇主 ③employee n．雇员；受雇者
④employment n．职业；工作；使用 ⑤unemployment n．失业(率)
The boss_______________________ him with his work.老板雇来一位秘书来帮助他工作。
The manager____________________making a future plan for his company.
= The manager____________________making a future plan for his company.
经理忙于为公司制订将来的计划。
You could ________________________better.你可以把闲暇时间利用得更好。
11．harm n．& vt.损害；危害
What should be done to punish people who do harm to the animals？(P27) 对于那些伤害动物的人该怎么惩罚？
归纳拓展： ①do harm to sb./sth.伤害某人
there is no harm in(one's)doing sth.＝it does no harm(for sb.)to do sth.(某人)做某事并无害处
②harmful adj.有害的 be harmful to 损害…… ③harmless adj.无害的
Modern farming method________________ the countryside.现代的耕作方式对乡村造成了很大的损害。
Fruit juice can________________ children's teeth. 果汁可能损害儿童的牙齿。
Part Two : Phrases
1．die out灭亡；逐渐消失
As a result these endangered animals may even die out.(P25)结果濒危动物甚至可能要灭绝。
Many old customs have died out. 许多旧的风俗已不复存在。
归纳拓展：
die of 因……而死(一般指死于内因，如疾病、饥饿、情感原因等)
die from 因……而死(一般指死于外因，如外伤、车祸、污染等)
die away(声音、风、光等)慢慢变弱，渐渐消失 die down(兴奋、火等)渐弱，渐息，平息
die off(家庭、种族等)相继死亡，(草木)先后枯死
be dying for渴望 be dying to do sth.很想做某事；渴望做某事
①As the sound of the music____________，the film came to an end.随着音乐声渐渐消失，电影结束了。
②The apple trees in the field are all _________________ from disease.地里的苹果树一棵接一棵地病死了。
用适当的介词填空
①No one knows for sure why dinosaurs died ________.
②His mother died ________ heart disease while his father died ________ a traffic accident.
2．in danger(of)在危险中；垂危
Why are they in danger of disappearing？(P25) 为什么它们面临灭绝的危险？
You all know he will be in danger if he drives after being drunk.你们都知道，如果他酒后驾车会有危险的。
归纳拓展：①out of danger 脱离危险 be a danger to sb./sth.对某人/某物是个威胁
②dangerous adj.危险的(指事物或人对别人有危险) ③endanger vt. 危害；危及
④endangered adj. 有危险的；濒临灭绝的
3．protect...from/against...保护……免受……侵害
“I'm protecting myself from mosquitoes，”it replied.(P26)它答道：“我在保护自己避免被蚊子叮咬呢。”
归纳拓展： prevent...(from)doing sth.阻止……做某事 stop...(from)doing sth.阻止……做某事
keep...from doing sth.阻止……做某事
Her sudden arrival________________________ going out.她的突然到来使我不能外出。
He raised his arms to ______________________. 他伸出手去，保护他的孩子免受伤害。
用所给动词的适当形式填空
①We young people should do something we can ______(keep)the sea from ________(pollute)．
②Use the umbrella ________(protect)yourself from the rain.
4．pay attention to注意 其中to为介词，后跟名词、动名词
You should pay more attention_to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together.(P26)你们应该多关注我生活的热带雨林，并且懂得热带雨林的动物是如何在一起生活的。
Our teachers always___________________ connecting theory with practice. 我们的老师们经常注意理论联系实际。
Attention ______________________your pronunciation. 你应该注意发音。
归纳拓展：
attract/draw/catch one's attention引起某人的注意
May I have your attention，please？＝Attention，please！请注意！
fix one's attention/eyes on/upon...把某人的注意力/眼光集中到……上
devote one’s attention to 专心于……turn one’s attention to 将注意力转向……
完成句子
①The boy kept trying to __________________________(引起他妈妈的注意)but in vain.
②Look at me carefully and ______________________(集中你的注意力于)my movement.
③Please ________________________(请注意)the difference between the two words.
拓展：含有to并且to为介词的短语：
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Part Three: Sentence Patterns:
1．“Please take me to a distant land where I can find the animal that gave fur to make this sweater.”(P26)“请把我带到遥远的地方，在那里我能找到提供毛绒来做这件毛衣的那种动物。”
where引导的是一个定语从句，修饰land。在这个定语从句中，还有一个that引导的定语从句，修饰animal。
Is this the place where they went hunting last week?这是他们上周打猎的地方吗？
Have you ever been to Qingdao，where there are beautiful beaches.你去过青岛吗？那里有美丽的沙滩。
归纳拓展： Sit where I can see you.坐在我能看到你的地方。
This is where she lives.这就是她的住处。
【提示】　如果先行词是地点，但关系词在定语从句中不作地点状语，而是作主语或宾语，则要用关系代词which或 that。
判断下列句子中where引导何种从句
① This is the place where I was born. ________
②Where there is a will，there is a way. ________
③Let's start from where we stopped yesterday. ________
2. It shows the importance of wildlife protection，but I'd like to help as_the_WWF_suggests.(P26) 这表明保护野生动植物的重要性，但我想按照世界野生生物基金会的建议来帮助(你们)。
as仿照；像……那样；如……，引导方式状语从句。
We'd better leave things as they are until the police arrive.我们最好不要动这些东西，直到警察到来。
The teacher asked you to do as he said.老师要你按照他说的去做。
归纳拓展： as 作连词引导的从句：
方式状语从句 译为“按照，正如” 原因状语从句 译为“由于”
让步状语从句 译为“尽管”(从句须倒装) 比较状语从句 译为“像……一样”
时间状语从句 译为“一边……一边……，随着……，当……的时候”
As it was snowing hard，they stopped working. 由于雪下得很大，他们停止了工作。
The school children sang songs as they walked. 学生们边走边唱歌。
Child as he is，he knows a lot about history. 他虽然是个孩子，但了解很多历史知识。
写出下列句子中as的含义
① As it's raining hard，we can't go climbing.________
②When in Rome，do as the Romans do.________
③It gets warmer as time goes on.________
④Try as he might，he failed again.________
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