小学英语自然拼读法及自然拼读测验表(最全).doc

英语自然拼读法一.英语自然拼读学习的六阶成功法第一阶：建立字母与字母自然发音之间的直接联系。第二阶：能够成功拼读元音+辅音（辅音+元音）。如：c-a ca a-t at第三阶：能够成功拼读辅音+元音+辅音。如d-o-g dog第四阶：能够成功拼读双音节或多音节单词。如sw-ea-t-er sweater第五阶：能够听音辨字，即听到单词读音就能拼出该单词。第六阶：单词量大量扩充，能够阅读英语文章。1. 自然拼读法的第一步是掌握二十六个字母的读音 (Letter Sounds). 其中五个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u)发两种音。2. 第二步是进行单元音字母的拼读练习，如： Sam, cat, mat, 等等3. 第三步, 是固定读音的单词 : the, a, is, to, have 等.4. 第四步，是一个单词里有两个元音时， 前边一个元音发字母音， 后边一个元音不发音，如： make, made, sea, five, nine, road等等5. 第五步, 是双/三辅音在一起时怎么联读, 如: bl(ack), str(eet)等；有一些辅音不发音，如： ghost, comb, lamb等；要掌握一下和h联在一起的发音： ch, sh, th, wh。6. 第六步，是特殊读法：单音节词，以元音结尾， 这个元音发字母音 如： me, hi, go 等等Irregular: ar (car), ay (hay, may, say), igh (high, night, might), ew (new), er (sister, brother), ur (burn, hurt), ir (girl, fir, firm), or (horn), eigh (eight), oi (oil, boil), oy (boy), ow等有其特别的发音c 和 k 在一起时， 发一个音: quick, black等.经典示例：学过问学堂自然拼读法之后，任何年龄的孩子对即使长达20个字母的诸如： 的长单词数秒便可默写朗读。问学堂自然拼读的方法是将单词划分音节，然后逐个音节根据音图读出单词，能读便能立刻准确默写。二. 直接拼读法的基本原理1英语是一种拼音字母。英语是一种拼音（phonological）文字，英语单词是以字母组成，字母或字母组合构成了单词的读音。如：（1）辅音字母的读音： 音形一致的拼音：bb,p p, mm, ff,dd,tt,nn,ll,gg,kk,hh,l l ,r r, v v, w w, zz,音形不一致的拼音： ck s , g g , j , x ks ,y j, s s z最常见的辅音字母组合的拼读sh , ch, th , ph f,（2.）元音字母的读音：元音字母的拼读，首先我要学生先了解什么是开音节？（以元音字母结尾的音节为开音节），什么是闭音节？（以辅音字母结尾的音节为闭音节），并和学生一起寻找发音规律，规律找到了，当学生了解了音节的规律，元音字母的发音就迎刃而解了。如：开音节的拼音：A 发字母本身音ei age, ate, name, cake, lake, take, make, game, gave, made, late, came, bate, date, face, gate, hate, page, race, same, tame, wake, gave, famous, lady, bake等。E发字母本身音i: be, these, me, he, she, we, 等。I发字母本身音ai I bike, China, like, fine, five, kite, nice, wide, Friday, ride, white, write, Chinese, ice, line, mine, life, idea, nine, 等。O发字母本身音u ago, radio, go, photo, rode, old, told, hold, cold, home, those, kilo, so, homework, phone, also, no, note, robot, nose, hope, joke, close, stone, clothes, broken等。U发字母本身音ju: cute, bute, mute, fume, men, pupil, argue, use, 等。闭音节的拼音：A 发口型要大:at, bat, bad, band, apple, animal, fat, has, am, and, cat, cap, bag, family, capital, Saturday, than, had, grand, carry, happen, back, ran, badly, angry, sad, rang, flat, map, mat, van, man, ban, bap, can, cam, cab, cad, catch, hand, fantastic, thank, black, blackboard, panda, that, happy, activity, drank, dragon, taxi, swam, hat, sad, dad, mad, mat, pat, rat, sat，fan，lam，tad， van， wan等。E 发e让学生老师模仿口型 when, met, them, well, smell, tell, ball, clever, every, help, better, west, then, yes, yesterday, fell, hello, desk, red, yellow, ten, pen, pencil, bed, bedroom, dress, festival, get, telephone, egg, went, leg, twenty, next, let, men, chess, bet，net，pet ret，set，tet，vet，wetI i different, bring, holiday, lift, ticket, big, dinner, fish, listen, it, is, six, this, in, sister, his, him, bit, little, river, picnic, think, city, with, finish, sit, chick, skip, miss, nothing, pink, picture, little, listen, thing, drink, visit, swim,o发让学生老师模仿口型drop, shop, box, bottle, coffee, lost, cross, long, pop, stop, dog, not, body, box, clock, computer, doll, got, hot, pocket, office, point, lots, doctorU发:us, study, funny, but, bus, sun, Sunday, summer, hurry, mum, under, understand, cut, duck, truck, muck(淤泥，垃圾，肥料), much, puck（冰球）, lucky, fun, gun, Hun（匈奴人野蛮人，德国兵）, nun（修女，尼姑）, pun（双关语，说双关语）, run, sun, tun（大酒桶）, up,字母组合的读音也是有规律可循的。如;ea, ee字母组合的发i:音：tea, clean, team, eat, east, speak, please, each, easy, read, sea, teacher，need, cheese, wheel, feel, agree, green, week, thirteen, fourteen, three, deep, peep, weep, sleep, jeep, see, feet, street, teeth, meet, week部分ea字母组合发e：bread, heavy, breakfast, weather, head, headache, ready, deaf,oa,字母组合的发u音：road, boat, coat, ir字母组合的发 音：girl, bird, thirsty, third, first, birthday, circle, sir, shirt, skirt, dirty, skirt,ar,组合字母发 a:（a再s, ss前）也发a:：hard, card, park, art, car, are, dark, arm, farmer, market, party, large, star, argue，farclass, vase, glass, pass, last, past, task, mast, vast, cast, fast等ow字母组合有时发u音：window, yellow, show, slow, sow, tow, bow, mow, 等。ou, ow字母组合有时发au音mouth, about, house, housework, south, how, now, town,等。oo字母组合有时发发u音：hood ,头巾wool ,羊毛 look ,good , foot, room, football, took, cook wood, book, goodbye,oo字母组合有时发u:food, moon, tool, toon, 红椿 noon, pool, zoo, too, school, cool, toothear字母组合有时发 i音：tear，dear，fear，gear，hear， near，shear，rear，searear字母组合有时和air一样发i：bear, tear, wear, pear,oy字母组合发 i 音: boy, toy, hoy赶牲畜的呼叫声, coy腼腆的, foy告别宴会, goy, 异教徒soy酱油；黄豆iht 字母组合发 ai 音：right, light, night, fight, might, tightay字母组合发 ei音: stay, say, day, gay快乐的, hay干草, lay设置英语自然拼读法的学习1. 二十六个字母的读音 (Letter Sounds). 其中五个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u)发两种音, 其中一个音是其字母本身的读音， y有时会被作为元音处理 单音节词, y在末尾, y发ai的音(one syllable, y at the end (pronounced as “i”): my, why, fly, sky 多音节词, y在末尾, y发i 的音(two syllables, y at the end (pronounced as “E”):daddy, mommy, baby2. 单元音单词拼读 (Consonant-Vowel-Consonant Combinations) 如：Sam, cat, mat, 等等l Beginning Consonantsl Ending Consonantsl One Vowel Word, Short Vowel Sounds3. 双元音单词拼读(Two Vowel Words):一个单词里有两个元音时，前边一个元音发字母音，后边一个元音不发音如：make, mail, may, hay, say, see, sea, five, tie, road, toe, cute等等4. 双/三辅音在一起时的联读 (Consonant Blends)l Beginning consonant blends (bl, br, cl, cr, dr, fl, fr, gl, fr, pl, pr, sc, sk, sl, sm, sn, sp, st, sw, tr, tw, scr, spl, str)l Ending consonant blends (ft, lf, lm, lp, lt, mp, nd, nk, nt, pt, sk, st)l Words ending in ll, ss, ffl Consonant digraphs (ch, tch, sh, th, wh, shr, squ, thr)5.特殊读法(1) - 固定读音的单词(Sight Word): the, a, is, to, have, are, hey, love 等.6. 特殊读法(2) 带元音的特殊读法(Irregular Vowels)n 一个音节如只有一个元音, 且以此元音结尾，这个元音发字母音 (vowel at the end)如：baby, me, hi, go, humor 等等n air (hair), al, all (all, tall, mall, hall), alk (talk, walk), alt (halt, salt), ar (car, far), are (hare), au, augh (caught), aw (hawk)n ew (new), eigh (eight, weight), ed (stopped, added) er (sister, brother), ir (girl, fir, firm), ur (burn, hurt), or(horn), ie (field), ing, ind (behind), ild (mild, wild), igh (high, night, might), ire oi (oil, boil), old (old, cold), olt, oo (book), oo (tool, school), or (or, horn), ost (most, host), ou (could), ough (cough, through, ought, slough, plough), ould (would, could), oy (boy), ought, , ous (famous), ow (读音一：cow, now, how, bow；读音二：bow, snow), ue (cruel), ui (fluid)n tion (attention), sion (expression), ending sounds :ang, ong, ung, edge, le7. 特殊读法(3) 辅音的特殊读法n 有一些辅音不发音 (silent consonants)如：ghost, comb, lamb, write等n c 和 k 在一起时，发一个音:quick, black等.q 总是和u在一起：quite, quick, quit, quilt等.之所以指出这一点, 是在这里u不能再被认为是元音, 而是和q一起组成一个辅音组合. 于是, 在quite这个单词里只有两个元音, 是双元音单词, 第一个元音i发字母音, 第二个元音e不发音.n p和 h在一起, 发f的音:phone, photo.n 复数s及末尾s的读音(Plural s and the sounds of ending s)n c和g 的两种读音: 如果i(或y)或者 e 跟在c或者g的后边, c发”s”的音, g发”j”的音: center, cigar, gem, giant, gym， 其他情况下c, g 发其字母音:can, clap, cup, great, glad.8. 多音节单词和复合词 (Words with multiple syllables and compound words)n 多音节单词:believe, multiple, syllable, compoundn 复合词:homework, highway4 / 4