高中英语被动语态专题讲解与练习.doc

Well begun, half done. 好的开始等于成功的一半。GrammarReview the Passive Voice(复习被动语态) 被动语态的基本形式:英语中的被动语态由be done(vt.的过去分词) 构成。其人称、数和时态的变化通过be 的变化表现出来的。以实义动词do为例，在常见时态中，其被动语态的基本形式如下： 谓语动词的被动语态时态被动（否定）例句1.一般现在时am/is/are （not）doneComputer is used in our life.2.一般过去时was/were（not）doneThe computer was bought last year.3.一般将来时will / be（not）going to be doneLost time will never be found again. The meeting will be held tomorrow. 4.现在进行时am/is/are （not）being doneWhat is being done to the machine? The plan is being discussed now. 5.过去进行时was/were (not) being doneThe door was being painted when I arrived there.6.现在完成时have/has (not)been doneThe room has been cleaned up. You can take a break now. 7.过去完成时had (not) been doneShe said the boy had never been seen to go to school before she went there.8.将来完成时will (not) have been doneThe bridge will have been finished by the end of this year.9.过去将来时would (not) be doneIts said that his new novel would be published the next month.10.过去将来 完 成 时would (not) have been doneHe promised that his debt would have been paid off by his birthday.11.情态动词的被动语态情态动词(not)+be done/have been doneYou should be praised for what you have done.12. 关于getget/got doneI got separated from my parents when shopping yesterday. 注：get/got done是一种特殊的被动语态，表示的是某种结果或状态，本身并不强调动作被执行。常见短语：get lost/ married/ paid/ hurt/ burnt/ broken/ drunk/ killed drowned/ cheated/ separated/dressed/ injured 等等。eg: How did you get lost in the mountain？ They got married two months after their first sight. 非谓语动词的被动语态主动被动例句to doto be doneIm proud to be chosen.to have doneto have been doneHe is said to have been fired.v-ingbeing doneThe book is worthy of being read.having donehaving been doneHaving been kept waiting for half an hour, I began to got angry. 主动语态表被动意义的情况： 感官动词, 系动词feel, look, taste, smell, sound，prove，turn out等动词；动词 read，write，sell, wash, clean, lock, dry, wear等表主语的属性特征；表示开始，结束，运动的动词begin, finish, start, open, close, stop, end, shut, run, move 等; 用作谓语时，句子主语含有被动关系，但并不表示动作被执行，故不需用被动语态。如： 1. What he said proved to be reasonable.2. The water in winter feels cold. 3. Whatever my mother cooks taste delicious. 4. You hairstyle looks vary fashionable.5. This pen writes well. 6. The door wont lock.7. The red coat of mine washes well. 8. The shop closes at 10 oclock every morning. 9. The meeting ended in an friendly atmosphere. sb./sth. + be+ adj. to do , 此句中不定式to do 与主语sb./sth. 构成逻辑上的动宾关系。 The text is easy to understand. (The text is easily to be understood.)The water here isnt fit to drink. 少数动词如 print, build, cook, hang, make 等用于进行时，主动形式表被动。如：The book is printing. 这本书正在排印中。 The meat is cooking. 肉正在煮。 不定式to do做后置定语，若该动作的执行者与句子主语一致，则可用主动表被动。如：So many things to deal with, Im very busy now.So many things to be dealt with, the task seems harder and harder.“Do you have something to be typed?” The secretary asked her boss.“Do you have something to type?” The secretary asked the typist. There are still many problems to deal with. need, require, want, demand, deserve（应得到，应受到）, be (well) worth doing 中，doing主动表被动。如：My hair needs washing. Your right deserves protecting.The movie is well worth watching again. 介词 in，on， under+ n. , 表被动意义。如：The house is in the possession of Mr. Li.The question is under discussion. The big fire wasnt under control until the firefighters arrived.The goods are on sale at a low price than it was because of consumers day. 使用被动语态的注意事项：（1） vi.+介 构成的固定短语相当于一个vt.，在被动句中，切记保留介词。如：Fan Bingbing, is referred to as one of the most beautiful women in Chinas show business. The little girl is always taken care of by her neighbors.Our time should be made use of to learn English well.Good use should be made of to learn English well.（2） 使役动词 make， let， have，及感官动词 see， watch， observe，look at, notice, hear, listen to, feel, 等可接省 to 的动词不定式做宾语补足语，变为被动句要带上to.The workers were made to work for the boss .The girl was seen to cross the street.练习题：1.Our house_, A. is getting paintB. is getting painted C. is got paintedD. has got to paint 2.He arrived in Beijing, where he _ his friend. A. was met byB. was metC. was meetingD. met by3.The war _ in 1937 A. was broken outB. had been broken out C. has broken outD. broke out 4.The mistakes in the exercises will _ the teacher. A. crossB. be crossingC. be crossed byD. cross by 5.My brother and I have _her birthday party. A. been invitedB. been invited forC. invited toD. been invited to 6.It_this way A. is had to doB. is had to be doneC. had to be doneD. has to do 7.It_this way. A used to doB. used to be doneC. is used to doD. is used to doing 8._Chaplin. A. The childs name was calledB. The childs name calls C. The child callsD. The child is named 9.The sports meeting_. A. is put offB. is to put offC. is to be put offD. puts off 10.Mary realized she_ A. was making fun ofB. was made fun C. was being made fun ofD. was being made fun 11._to say a thing in that way A. It is considers wrongB. It is considered wrong C. It is considered its wrongD. It is consiedring wrong 12.He ordered that the books _ at once. A. would be printedB. would printC. be printedD. print 13.The story _ in China. A. was taken placeB. was happened C. took placeD. has been taken place 14.The house _ my parents A. is belong toB. belong toC. belongs toD. is belonged to 15.He_by his teacher. A. happened to seeB. was happened to see C. happened to be seenD. was happened to be seen 16.Great changes _ in our province. Many tall buildings . A. have been taken place, have been set up B. have taken place, have been set up C. have been taken place, have been set up D. were taken place, were set up 17.The halls _ but its not yet _ with lamps. A. furnished, finishedB. been finished, been furnished C. being finished, being furnishedD. set up, full 18.The new hall is the tallest building in this town. _ from here? A. Can it seeB. Can it be seenC. Can it seenD. Can see 19.As soon as we got to the airport, we found that the plane_. A. had already taken offB. already took off C. was already taking offD. was already taken off 20. Some of the hotels in my hometown_. A. have now been rebuildingB. are now rebuilding C. are now being rebuiltD. are rebuilt now 21. If city noises _ from increasing，people _ shout to be heard even at dinner A. are not kept；will have toB. are not kept；have C. do not keep；will have toD. do not keep；have to 22. The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, _and perfected now. A. are developedB. have developed C. are being developedD. will have been developed 23. - _ the sports meet might be put off - Yes，it all depends on the weather A. Ive been toldB. Ive toldC. Im toldD. I told 24. I need one more stamp before my collection _. A. has completedB. completesC. has been completedD. is completed 25. Rainforests _ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear fromthe earth in the near future. A. cutB. are cutC. are being cutD. had been cut 26. The new suspension bridge _ by the end of last month. A. has been designedB. had been designed C. was designedD. would be designed 27.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _. A. breaksB. has brokenC. was brokenD. had been broken 28. Great changes _ in the city, and a lot of factories _. A. have been taken place; have been set up B. have taken place; have been set up C. have taken place; have set up D. were taken place; were set up 29. That suit _ over 60 dollars. A. had costedB. costedC. is costedD. cost 30. - Look! Everything here is under construction. - Whats the pretty small house that _ for? A. is being builtB. has been builtC. is builtD. is building 31.- Do you like the material? - Yes, it _ very soft. A. is feelingB. feltC. feelsD. is felt 32. It is difficult for a foreigner _ Chinese A. writeB. to writeC. to be writtenD. written 33. I have no more letters _ ，thank you A. to typeB. typingC. to be typedD. typed 34. Take care! Dont drop the ink on your shirt, for it _ easily. A. wont wash outB. wont be washed out C. isnt washed outD. isnt washing out 35. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to _. A. be put upB. give inC. be turned onD. go out 36. The computers on the table _ Professor Smith. A. belongsB. are belonged toC. belongs toD. belong to 37. - What do you think of the book? -Oh, excellent. Its worth _ a second time. A. to readB. to be readC. readingD. being read 38. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed _. A. catchingB. to be caughtC. being caughtD. to catch 39. This page needed _ again. A. being checkedB. checkedC. to checkD. to be checked 40. _ many times, the boy still didnt know how to do the exercises A. Having taughtB. Having been taughtC. taught D. Teaching Keys1B 2A 3D 4C 5D 6C 7B 8D 9A 10C11B12C13C14C15C16B17B18B19A20C21A22C23A24D25C26B27C28B29D30A31C32B33C34A35D36D37C38C39D40B