2022高考英语一轮总复习-必修1-Unit-1-Lifestyles学案北师大版.docx

2022高考英语一轮总复习 必修1 Unit 1 Lifestyles学案北师大版

2022高考英语一轮总复习 必修1 Unit 1 Lifestyles学案北师大版

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必修1　Unit1　Lifestyles
(主题语境:人与自我——生活与学习)
核心考点课堂突破　
1.mattern.物质;要紧事;毛病(与定冠词连用,做表语或定语)　v.要紧;有重大关系
[教材原句]As long as I get good marks in my tests,it doesn’t matter if I can speak English or not.(P4) 只要我考试得到好分数,我是否会说英语都不要紧。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Each person,no matter 　　　　　they are,has psychological imbalances. 
②I knew him when we were in college—as 　　　　　matter of fact,we were on the same course. 
[单句改错]
③Mom,you look worried.Is there anything matters?

[单句写作]
④你穿什么不要紧,只要看起来干净整洁即可。

考点必记
It doesn’t matter(+从句).(……)没关系。
as a matter of fact事实上;实际上;其实
no matter who (what,where,when,how,which,whether...)不管谁(什么,哪儿,什么时候,怎么,哪一个,是否……)
be a matter of (doing) sth取决于(做)某事,就那件事而论(关于那一点)
to make matters worse更糟糕的是
[名师点津]
表示“实际上;事实上”的词汇还有:in fact,in reality,in practice,in effect,actually,in actual fact,in nature等。
2.supposev.猜想;认为;假设
[教材原句]Mmmm and my life is very stressful,I suppose.(P7) 呣,我觉得,我的生活充满压力。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①—Miss Wang,will Marie pass the exam?
—I suppose 　　　　　.You know,she has been working so hard. 

[小话题写作]
②我认为如果没有他的指导与鼓励,我是不可能获得英语大赛一等奖的。(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,书面表达)

[句式升级]
③I supposed him to be about forty.
→I supposed　. 
考点必记
①suppose sb/sth (to be)...认为某人/某事……
I suppose我认为(常用作插入语)=I think
I suppose so./I suppose not.我想是这样。/我想不会的。
suppose/supposing (that)...假使……,假定……
be supposed to do= should do应该做
was/were supposed to do本该做(而未做)=should have done
②supposedly adv.想象上,按照推测
[名师点津]
与believe,think,guess,expect一样,suppose可构成复杂特殊疑问句,即它常用在“特殊疑问词+do you suppose+宾语从句?”结构中。
3.urgentadj.急迫的,紧急的,要紧的
[教材原句]Every minute of the day is filled with urgent matters.(P9) 几乎每一分钟都充斥着急待处理的事情。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①Rarely did Maria turn to others for help but this was a matter of 　　　　　(urgent). 
②It’s urgent that the food and water　　　　　(distribute) among the victims. 
[小话题写作]
③我们急需要你的帮助与指导。(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,书面表达)

考点必记
①an urgent question/problem紧急的问题
in urgent need of急需
urgent action紧急行动
It’s urgent that...(should) do...迫切需要……做……
②urgently adv.紧急地
urgency n.紧急的事
a matter of great urgency十分紧急的事
[写作佳句]
In my view,many students’ learning methods are in urgent need of improving.依我看,许多同学的学习方法急需要改进。
4.boredadj.厌烦的,厌倦的;不感兴趣的
[教材原句]Besides,I get bored if there’s nothing to do.(P9)再者,要没事可做我会觉得非常无聊。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Never bore others 　　　　　your own things that are meaningless. 
②The speaker’s 　　　　　(bore) remarks made the people present angry. 
[小话题写作]
③让我们厌烦的事情是足球赛被取消了。

考点必记
①be bored with sth对某事感到厌烦
②bore v.使厌烦
boring adj.无聊的;令人厌烦的
boredom n.无聊;厌倦
bore sb with sth用某事烦扰某人
[名师点津]
表示“对……感到厌烦”可以用be fed up with,be bored with,be tired of等。
[写作佳句]
Boredwith the boring computer games,David made his mind to concentrate on his study.戴维厌倦了乏味的电脑游戏,他下决心要专心学习。
5.sufferv.遭受;忍受;经历
[教材原句]When do students suffer from stress?(P11) 学生什么时候遭受压力?
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①After going through years of　　　　　(suffer),Smith reset his mind and began a new life. 
②Although he had suffered 　　　　　a serious illness for years,Jimmy lost none of his love for life. 
[小话题写作]
③事实上,最近美国自身在贸易战中也遭受了巨大损失。

考点必记
①suffer injury/loss/pain/punishment/hardship/defeat受伤/损失/遭受疼痛/受惩罚/受苦/失败
suffer from a bad cold/headache/heart trouble/overwork/floods/droughts患重感冒/头疼/心脏病/过度劳累/遭受洪水/旱灾
②suffering n.痛苦
[名师点津]
suffer不用于被动语态。
6.reducevt.&vi.减少,降低;减肥
[教材原句]Breathing exercises can help reduce stress.(P10) 呼吸练习可以帮助减压。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①The new regulations will benefit the　　　　　(reduce)of domestic unemployment. 
[小话题写作]
②中国承诺到2035年减少碳排放量(carbon emissions) 到75%,这展现出大国负责任的态度。

考点必记
①reduce from...to...从……减少到……
reduce...by...减少了……
reduce in...在某方面减少
sb be reduced to (doing)...某人沦为……/沦落到某种地步;某人陷入……状态
②reduction n.减少,降低
[写作佳句]
The new trash-sorting regulations have helped reduce the amount of rubbish by over 60%.
新的垃圾分类规则已经帮助减少垃圾量达百分之六十多。
7.prefervt.较喜欢,更喜欢;宁愿
[教材原句]I prefer listening to music.(P11) 我比较喜欢听音乐。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①Many elderly people expressed a strong　　　　　 (prefer) to live in the countryside. 
②Ann prefers to watch cartoons while her brother prefers reading mysteries to　　　　　(watch) movies. 
[一句多译]
③她宁愿待在家也不愿去旅行。
(prefer...to...)
(prefer...rather than...)
(would rather...than...)
(would...rather than...)
考点必记
①prefer doing/to do宁愿做……
prefer to do rather than do/prefer doing to doing喜欢做……而不喜欢做……
prefer sb to do更愿意某人做……
would prefer that...宁愿……(后面宾语从句的谓语常用“should+动词原形”,其中的should常可省去)
②preference n.偏好
have a preference for偏好……
in preference to而不取某人/某物
[写作佳句]
Ratherthan study abroad,large quantities of students prefer to study at home.
比起到国外学习,大多数学生更喜欢在国内上学。
8.supportvt.&n.支持,支撑;资助,帮助;拥护;养活,赡养
[教材原句]His idea to organise a big party has won support from his friends.(P12) 他要组织一次大型聚会的想法已经赢得了朋友们的支持。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①Steven,aged only 8,is surprisingly able to support 　　　　　(he). 
②He is always 　　　　　(support).Whenever she is in trouble,he is there for her. 
[小话题写作]
③乔治在辛勤努力后,最终赢得了他家人及朋友的支持,建立了他的慈善组织。

考点必记
①support oneself自力更生,自谋生计
support a family=feed/keep one’s family养家
in support of支持……
win/lose one’s support =win/lose the support of sb赢得/失去某人的支持
②supporter n.支持者
supportive adj.支持的
[写作佳句]
As a student,I advocate each of us should take action in support of our harmonious society.作为一名学生,我倡议我们每个人都应行动起来,以支持我们的和谐社会。
9.designn.&v.设计,计划,构思,图案
[教材原句]How to design a website(P13) 如何设计一个网页
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①　　　　　 (design) for extremely cold climates,the gloves are very popular in the north. 
②The project　　　　　(design) to assist landless villagers just didn’t work out as planned. 
[句式升级]
③This building is designed for sports and other trainings and it’s beautiful.(用过去分词短语作定语改写)
→ 
考点必记
①design sb/sth to do sth打算让……从事……
design sb/sth for...打算让……用作某种目的
be designed for/to do sth计划做;打算用来做
by design故意地
②designer n.设计者,设计师
[名师点津]
“故意与偶然”的表达:
故意地:by design,on purpose,deliberately,intentionally
偶然地:accidentally,by accident,by chance
10.otherwiseadv.否则;另外;在其他方面,除此之外
[教材原句]I need to do that because I don’t get enough exercise otherwise.(P14) 我需要那么做,因为不然我就得不到充分的锻炼。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①—Do you have Betty’s phone number?
—Yes.　　　　　,I wouldn’t have been able to reach her yesterday. 
②We were delayed at the airport.Otherwise,we 　　　　　　　　　　　(be) here by lunch time. 
[小话题写作]
③到目前为止,该计划已经挽救了数千名本来会死的儿童。
Up to now,the program has saved thousands of children who　　　　　　　　　　　　. 
考点必记
and otherwise等等,及其他
or otherwise或相反,或其他情况
[名师点津]
①otherwise是一个副词,常用作插入语,后可用逗号与句子其他部分隔开;or则是一个连词,用以连接两个并列句,其后不可用逗号与句子其他部分隔开,且or还可表示“否则,不然的话”。
②otherwise有时用以表示隐含虚拟条件,动词用虚拟语气。
11.gooff(爆竹、铃等)响;走开;停止;熄灭
[教材原句]I normally wake up about five minutes before my alarm clock goesoff.(P9) 我一般在闹钟响前大约五分钟醒来。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①All the people left before the bomb went 　　　　　. 
②When going 　　　　　a walk,take along a small garbage bag. 
③The program is now going 　　　　　crash tests to make sure it meets federal safety standards. 
④To get a better grade,you should go 　　　　　your notes before the test. 
[小话题写作]
⑤火完全熄灭之后,消防员们离开了那栋公寓。

考点必记
go for a walk去散步
go against违反;反对
go over复习,过一遍;仔细检查
go ahead (with)开始,进行;前进
go on继续;(灯)亮
go out熄灭;过时;出去
go by(时间)逝去;过去
go through通过;仔细检查;经历
go after追求,追逐;谋求
12.takeup占(时间、空间等);拿起,举起(物);接受,接纳;开始(工作,产生兴趣等,尤其指做以前从未做过的事,或作为消遣的方式);继续(中断的活),接下去
[教材原句]Meetings and phone calls takeup a large part of the day.(P9) 整天会议、电话不断。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Jack is interested in AI.Studying AI almost takes 　　　　　all his spare time. 
②The more fat you take 　　　　　before bedtime,the greater burden you will put on your body at night. 
③They now need to take 　　　　　account the extent of firms’ data assets (资产) when assessing the impact of deals. 
[小话题写作]
④我们每个人的生物钟都不一样,所以当发现自己半夜仍然精力旺盛时,请不要太过紧张。

考点必记
take in吸收;接纳;占有;欺骗;理解
take back收回;退货
take it easy别着急,慢慢来
take down拿下;写下;记下
take off脱下;起飞
take on呈现,具有(特征);承担;雇用
take...into account考虑
take over接管
eupwith找到或提出(答案﹑办法等);拿出(钱等);想出
[教材原句]To solve this problem,the Duchess cameupwith the clever idea of inviting some friends to join her for an afternoon meal between four and five o’clock.(P18) 为解决这个问题,公爵夫人想出了个好办法:在下午四点到五点之间,邀请一些朋友到她那里吃下午餐。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come 　　　　　with a low-cost device (装置) that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. 
②Driverless cars may end up 　　　　　a form of public transport rather than vehicles you own. 
[句式升级]
③There are many inconveniences that you have to endure when you are camping.
→ 
考点必记
put up with忍受
end up with结果……,以……结束
catch up with跟上,赶上
keep up with跟上,赶上
team up with (与某人)一起工作;合作
[名师点津]
come up with不用于被动语态。
14.while句型
[教材原句]I always take my portable TV and I sit on the stone wall while the dog walks round in a circle.(P8) 我总是随身携带手提电视,坐在石墙上看,小狗则在我的身边绕圈。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Fred’s mother was talking with his grandparents 　　　　　he was reading a history book in his study. 
②　　　　　 she felt tired,Mrs.Green went on with her experiment in the lab. 
③While 　　　　　(surf) the Internet,Fred heard a terrible noise coming from the kitchen. 
[单句改错]
④Mathew told us that some of the kids lived with an old lady in the shelter when others slept on the streets. 　　　　　 
考点必记
①while可用以连接并列句,强调前后两者之间情况的对比,此时while一般可译为“而”。
②while可用以引导让步状语从句,表示“尽管”,相当于although/though。
③while还可用以引导时间状语从句,表示“在……时候”。当while引导的时间状语从句的主语是it或与主句主语一致,且含有be动词时,可以省去从句的主语及be动词。
[名师点津]
while引导的让步状语从句一般放在主句前。
15.without句型
[教材原句]Of course,I couldn’t live this lifestyle without a good wife.(P8) 当然,没有一位好妻子我不能过这种生活。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①I don’t think a person 　　　　　a goal can succeed in life. 
②The young man entered the office 　　　　　knocking at the door,which made the manager upset. 
③Without his parents’ support,James couldn’t 　　　　　(found) his company in Beijing. 
考点必记
介词without表示“没有”,可用以表示“没有(做)……”,后跟动词-ing形式,它也可用作副词,表示“特别地”,在句子中without常构成双重否定。
[名师点津]
without也常用以表示隐含的虚拟条件,相当于if there were...,此时句子多用虚拟语气结构。
16.before引导时间状语从句
[教材原句]I normally wake up about five minutes before my alarm clock goes off.(P9) 我一般在闹钟响前大约五分钟醒来。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Please think twice 　　　　　you give the answer to the question. 
②We’re confident it won’t be long 　　　　　our world becomes greener and more harmonious. 
[完成句子]
③不久你就会适应国外的生活的。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　you adapt to the life abroad. 
④还要两个月这个新项目才能实施。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　two months 　　　　　the new project is carried out. 
考点必记
连词before常用以引导时间状语从句,表示“在……之前”,before从句中应用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
[名师点津]
before常用于下面几种句式:
①It’ll be+一段时间+before...表示“还要多长时间才……”。
②It won’t be long before...表示“要不了多久就会……”。
③It was+一段时间+before...表示“过了多久才……”。
④It wasn’t long before...表示“没过多久就……”。
17.Ittakessbsometimetodosth句型
[教材原句]Ittakesmelessthanfifteenminutesto wash,get changed,have breakfast,leave home and get on a bus.(P9)我从洗漱、穿衣、吃早饭、离开家到坐上公共汽车只用不到15分钟的时间。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①It took the Egyptians nearly twenty years 　　　　　(build) the pyramid. 
[句式升级]
②My father spent more than three years (in) studying the project.
→It　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　more than three years 　　　　　　　　　　the project. 
考点必记
It takes sb some time to do sth表示“做某事花某人多长时间”。其中it为形式主语,后面的动词不定式为真正的主语。该结构常可用Sb spends some time (in) doing sth改写。
18.sothat和so...that...句型
[教材原句]When I get home at about ten,I look at some documents that I bring back from the office sothat I can be ready for the next day’s work.(P9) 晚上大约10点我才能到家。到家后还要浏览从办公室带回的文件,为第二天的工作做准备。
Usually,it’s so crowded that I can’t find anywhere to sit.(P14)通常地铁很拥挤,我很难找到座位。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①The place of interest is so attractive 　　　　　every year many tourists visit it. 
②I have 　　　　　a good command of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher. 
[单句改错]
③There are such many kinds of food that I can’t decide to order which dish. 　　　　　 
[句式升级]
④Natalie’s school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn.
→Natalie’s school was damaged　　　　　　　　　　she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn. 
考点必记
①so that引导目的状语从句,从句中常含有情态动词,它也可用以引导结果状语从句,可以和so...that...进行改写。
②so...that...引导结果状语从句,表示“如此……以至于……”,常用句式为:so+adj./adv.+that+从句。
[名师点津]
so...that...也常用于以下结构:
①so+adj.+a(n)+n.+that+从句;
②so+many/little/much/few+n.+that+从句。
注意比较such的常用句式:
①such+a(n)+adj.+n.+that+从句(可改为句式:so+adj.+a(n)+n.+that+从句);
②such+adj.+n.(复数或不可数)+that+从句。

随堂巩固迁移运用　
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.No matter 　　　　　you like to do,there is a way to get involved in various activities on Earth Day.(2019·北京卷,语法填空) 
2.The workers were not better organised,otherwise they 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(accomplish) the task in half the time.(2019·天津卷,单项填空) 
3.Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop 　　　　　(person),you’ll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness.(2019·北京卷,阅读理解A篇) 
4.While selecting job applicants,we usually give 　　　　　(prefer) to those with some experience. 
5.—When will his son come back home?
—I’m afraid it will be at least three months　　　　　 he returns home. 
6.She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to 　　　　　(well) support her family while doing something she loves:nursing.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解B篇) 
7.It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes 　　　　　(start) working,and that’s plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day’s worth of Vitamin D.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,七选五) 
Ⅱ.选短语填空
take up,be fond of,look forward to,be free of,make a difference,over the years,come up with
I 1.　　　　　 music.When I 2.　　　　　 homework,I prefer playing the guitar to playing the piano.3.　　　　　,I’ve improved it a lot.But whenever I 4. my piano,I always 5.　　　　　your help.Could you 6.　　　　　 some advice on how to improve my skills?I’m sure it will 7.　　　　　 to me. 
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示补全短文内容
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(听说你在节食以减轻体重),I felt quite sorry.What is known to us all is that 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(拥有均衡的饮食是十分重要的),including grain,fruit and vegetables and reducing fat.3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(没有足够的食物,你很容易变得筋疲力尽).Now I’d like to offer you some advice. 
In the very beginning,you’d better quit having snacks,which are of no any nutrition,instead,have your meals regularly.What’s more,it is a good idea to take enough physical exercise every day,4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(这将帮助你减轻体重并且保持精力充沛). 
I hope you will find my advice helpful.

必修1　Unit1　Lifestyles
核心考点·课堂突破
1.①who　②a　③matters前加that/matters→mattering　④It doesn’t matter what you wear,as long as you look neat and tidy.
2.①so　②I suppose had it not been for his guidance and encouragement,I couldn’t have won first prize in the English Contest.　③(that) he was about forty
3.①urgency　②(should) be distributed　③We are in urgent need of your help and guidance.
4.①with　②boring　③What made us bored was that the football match was canceled.
5.①suffering(s)　②from　③As a matter of fact,recently America itself has also suffered heavy losses in the trade war.
6.①reduction　②China promised to reduce its carbon emissions to 75 percent by 2035,which represented the responsible attitude of the great power.
7.①preference　②watching　③She prefers staying at home to going traveling.She prefers to stay at home rather than go traveli