牛津沪教版英语八年级上册特殊疑问句和现完过完复习学案.doc

牛津沪教版英语八年级上册特殊疑问句和现完过完复习学案
八年级上册特殊疑问句和现完过完复习
一、复习思路
本节课对主要复习八年级的特殊疑问句和时态现在完成时以及过去完成时的复习。
二、复习要点
l 语法点一: 特殊疑问句
I. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句由疑问词引导的问句。
常用的疑问词有what, who, whom, whose, which, when, where, why, how, how old, how many, how much, how long, how often, how soon, how far, how fast等。
学生易搞混淆的几个特殊疑问词以及一些复合特殊疑问词
（1）就名字提问时学生对于到底是用what还是who存在混淆的现象。
如：Her name is Grace Green？
误：Who is her name?正：What is her name ？
She is Mrs. Smith.
误：What is she? 正：Who is she?
注：在就名字提问时，如果只是强调名字本身那么就只能用what，如果强调这一名字指的是哪个人那么就只能用who。
（2）就人提问时到底是用which还是用who存在混淆的现象。
如：The girl in green is her sister.
误：Who is her sister? 正：Which girl is her sister ？
注：就人提问时，which强调的是人的特征，而who强调的是人的身份。
（3）就数量提问时常把how many与how much搞混淆。
如：There is some water.
误：How many water is there? 正：How much water is there ？
注：就数量提问时，how many 修饰可数名词（在其后加可数名词复数形式），而how much修饰不可数名词（后跟不可数名词），所以首先要辨别划线部分是可数名词还是不可数名词，然后再确定是用how many还是how much。
（4）学生易把how far与how long搞混淆。
如：It’s seven hundred meters away from here.
误：How long is it from here ? 正：How far is it from here ?
注：how long问的是事物的长短，而how far问的一处至另一处的距离。
（5）how soon与how long也是学生容易搞混淆的地方。
如：He will be back in four days.
误：How long will he be back? 正：How soon will he be back ?
注：how soon与how long虽然都是表示多久的意思，但二者强调的侧重点不同，how soon问的是动作的将来时间，表示还要多久之意；而how long问的是动作的持续时间，表示要花费多久之意。且前者的回答一般是由“in+一段时间”来回答，而后者的回答一般用”for+一段时间”。
（6）当句中同时出现频率副词以及时间段时，学生对于使用how long或是how often存在疑惑。
如：He does exercise for two hours twice in a day.
_______ does he do exercise twice in a day?
A.How often B. How long C. How far D. How soon
注：这里学生没有辨别清楚句子到底是对频率提问还是对一段时间提问，以导致学生选择A答案。
l 课堂练习之特殊疑问句：
练一练1：（划线提问）
1.____________ draws well? Peter draws well.
2.____________ is very useful? Water is very useful.
3.____________ is on the desk? There are two books on the desk.
4.____________ classroom is bright? Their classroom is bright.
5.____________ fridges are cheaper? The fridges on the right are cheaper.
6.____________ is Miss Li? Miss Li is a teacher.
7.____________ is Miss Li? Miss Li is my teacher.
8.____________ did he ask just now? He asked some questions just now.
9.____________ are you taking care of now? I am taking care of my grandma now.
10.________ ________ do you like best? I like the one on the left best.
11.________ ________ English words have you learned?
We have learned 200 English words.
12.________ ________ water did he drink just now?
He drank two glass of water just now.
13.________ _________ do you usually get up? I usually get up at half past six.
14.________ do you have lunch? We have lunch at school.
15.________ did she go to work yesterday? She went to work by taxi yesterday.

练一练2：（选择填空）
8.A: ____ have the scientists been there?
B: For about two years.
A, How many times B, How C, What time D, How long
9.A: ____ did the first man walk on the moon?
B: In 1969.
A, What B, Where C, When D, Why
10.A: ____ is it from our school to Lupu Bridge?
B: About half an hour’s bus ride. Shall we go and visit it?
A, How long B, How often C, How far D, How much

练一练3：（划线提问）
1．I was born in 1980.
________ ________ you born?
2.The teacher had a meeting yesterday.
________ ________the teacher have a meeting?
3.The postage is three yuan and six jiao.
________ ________ is the postage?
4.We had learned six pop songs by the end of last week.
________ ________ six pop songs had you learned by the end of last week?
5.He went to the hospital to have a check up on eyesight.
________ _______ he go to the hospital?
6.We have a class meeting once a week.
________ ________ do you have a class meeting?
7.At the age of five, Martin weighed 25 kilos.
________ ________ did Martin weigh at the age of five?
8.He lost the key of his bike on his way to the lecture.
________ did he ________ on his way to the lecture？

练一练4：（改写句子）
1.The farther galaxy (星系) is 13 billion light-years away from the earth. (划线提问)
________ ________ is the farther galaxy?
2.The workers in this factory used to go to work by bicycle. (划线提问)
________ ________ the workers in this factory use to go to work?
3.He will leave Shanghai in two months. (划线提问)
________ ________ will he leave Shanghai?
4.I will finish cleaning the room in ten minutes. (划线提问)
________ ________ you finish cleaning the room?
5.It’s twenty minutes’ walk from our school to the underground station. (划线提问)
________ ________ is it from your school to the underground station?
6.The students have hamburgers for lunch twice a week. (划线提问)
________ ________ do the students have hamburgers for lunch?
7.George will finish college in two years. (划线提问)
________ ________ will George finish college?
8.These children come from ordinary families. (划线提问)
________ ________ of families do these children come from?
9.The dictionary on that shelf is newly published. (划线提问)
________ ________ is newly published?
10.We have bread and milk for breakfast every day. (划线提问)
________ ________ you have for breakfast every day?
11.Long ago, people hunted animals for food. (划线提问)
________ ________ people hunt animals long ago?
12.I have been to the Great Wall twice. (划线提问)
________ ________ times have you been to the Great Wall?
13.Linda won the first prize with the help of the teacher. (划线提问)
________ did Linda ________ the first prize?
14.My father worked as a farmer twenty-five years ago. (划线提问)
________ ________ your father work as twenty-five years ago?
15.I have lived in this city since 2000. (划线提问)
________ ________ have you lived in this city?
16.It is ten minutes’ walk from your school to the cinema. (划线提问)
________ ________ is it from your school to the cinema?
17.It’s 300 metres from my home to school. (划线提问)
________ ________ is it from your home to school?
18.They organize the film festivals once a year. (划线提问)
________ ________ do they organize the film festivals?
19.The hospital is about 300 meters away. (划线提问)
________ ________ is the hospital?
20.Our class usually begins at 8:00 every day. (划线提问)
________ ________ ________ your class usually ________ every day?
特殊疑问句
练一练1：（划线提问）
1.Who 2.What 3.What 4.Whose 5.Which 6.What 7.Who 8.What 9.Who/Whom
10.Which one 11.How many 12.How much 13.What time 14.Where 15.How
练一练2：（选择填空）
1-3 DCC
练一练3：（划线提问）
1.When were 2.When did 3.How much 4.How many 5.Why did 6.How often
7.How much 8.What lose
练一练4：（改写句子）
1.How far 2.How did 3.How soon 4.When will 5.How far 6.How often 7.What kind 8.Which dictionary 9.What do 10.Why did 11.How many 12.How, win 13.What did 14.How long 15.How far 16.How far 17.How often 18.How far 19.What time do, begin 20.When, where

l 语法点二： 现在完成时和过去完成时
(1)表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与already, yet, just,
before, lately, recently, ever/never, in the past/last+时间段,so far等连用。
e.g.: I have spent all of my money so far.(含义:现在我没有钱花了.)
My father has gone to Beijing.(含义:我爸爸现在不在这儿)
★already, yet, ever, never, just的用法区别
already 肯定句，强调已经的意,放句中或句末.
I have already finished my homework.
= I have finished my homework already.
yet 否定句、问句，表示还没，没有的意思,放句末
He hasn’t finished his homework yet.
Has he finished his homework yet?
ever 问句，表示曾经的意思 Has John ever been to Shanghai?
never 含否定意思的肯定句，表示从没的意思 He has never been to China.
just 肯定句，表示刚刚的意思 I have just come back from America.
(2)表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用延续性动词表示）或状态
（用be动词表示）常与how long、for、since连用。
①for+时段
　　②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来）
　　③since+时段+ago
④since+从句（一般过去时）
e.g.:How long have you learned English?(动作)
How long have you been in Shanghai?（状态）
I have been in Shanghai/learned English for five years.
I have been in Shanghai/learned English since 2010.
I have been in Shanghai/learned English since five years ago.
I have been in Shanghai/learned English since I graduated.
☆It is +一段时间+ since从句（一般过去时）
It is five years since I came to Shanghai.
易错点一： ★因为要表示动作一直延续到现在，所以主句中的动词要选择表延续性的动词。例如：
He has been dead for ten years.（be dead是die的延续性词）
He has been away for two hours. (be away是leave的延续性词)
常见瞬间动词与延续动词的转换：
①、用相应的延续性动词或者近义词；
　　buy ------ have, borrow ----- keep, put on ------ wear,
catch/get a cold ------ have a cold, come/go/become ------ be.
②、转换成 be＋名词;
join the Party ------ be a Party member,
join the army ------ be a soldier,
go to school ------ be a student.
③、转换成be + 介词短语 :
go to school ------ be in school,
join the army ------ be in the army.
④、转换成be + adj./adv. :
die ------ be dead, open——be open, get married-------be married , close ------ be closed
5、转换成be + adv. :
begin/start ------ be on, leave (…) ------ be away (from), go——be away
finish ------ be over, ome/arrive——be here come back——be back
(3)表示动作发生的的次数,常与数词five, twice…连用或用在句型It is the first/second time that...中。
e.g.: I have made five phone calls today. I have been to Beijing three times.
It is the first time that I have finished my homework by myself.
易错点二： ★have been to, have gone to, have been in, have been
Have been to表示曾经到过某地（通常现在已经回来了）
My mother has been to London twice. 妈妈去过两次伦敦。（妈妈现在已经回来了，在家）
Have gone to 表示已经去了某地（还没回来，通常不在说话的地方）
My mother has gone to London. 妈妈去了伦敦。（妈妈现在就在伦敦，不在家）
Have been in 从过去某一时间到现在一直待在某地,后接地点
I came to Shanghai in 2010. So I have been in Shanghai for 5 years already.
Have been 后接名词和表状态的词组
I have been a teacher since 2004.
I have been at No. 4 Middle School for 2 years.
★现在完成时和一般过去时的区别：
现在完成时强调这一动作与现在的关系，如对现在产生的结果、影响等，所以不能和表示过去的时间状语连用；一般过去时只表示过去的事实，不表示和现在的关系，可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。例如：
　　—Have you seen the film? —Yes, I have. (表示结果：已经看过了，因此了解了这部电影)
　　—When did you see it? —I saw it last Sunday. (表示事实：过去做的一件事的时间)
　　He has taught this class for two years. （现在仍教着，或者刚刚停止）
He taught this class for two years. （过去教过）
★ 过去完成时 ：
过去完成时的判断：
（ 1 ） by + 过去的时间点。如：
I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.
（ 2 ） by the end of + 过去的时间点。如：
We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.
（ 3 ） before + 过去的时间点。如：
They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.
（ 4 ）宾语从句中，当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如：
　　She said that she had seen the film before.
　（ 5 ）状语从句中 在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。如：
　　When I got to the station, the train had already left.
　　After he had finished his homework, he went to bed.

◆课堂练习之现在完成时和过去完成时：
1. You’ve never seen such a wonderful film before, _______?
A haven’t you B have you C do you D don’t you
2. --Ann has gone to Shanghai. ---So ________ her parents.
A. do B. does C. has D. have
3. Mr. Green ____ in China since five years ago.
A lived B has lived C lives D is going to live
4. –Where is Han Mei now?
--- She ____ to Shanghai. She will be back in two days.
A has gone B has been C goes D had gone
5. ---_____ to the United Stated ? ---- No, never, but I went to Canada a few years ago.
A. Did you go B. Do you go C. Have you been D. Have you gone
6. You haven’t changed your mind,_______?
A do you B are you C have you D did you
7. His grandma ______ for two years.
A died B has been dead C was dead D has died
8. His father ______ the Party since 1978.
　 A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in
9.-Do you know him well?
- Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago .
　　A. were B. have been C. have become D. have made
10. Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes.
　　Ａ. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. began
11. It _____ ten years since he left the army .
　　A. is B. has C. will D. was
12. His uncle ________for more than 9 years.
　　A. has come here B. has started to work
C. has lived there D. has left the university
13．He asked me _____ during the summer holidays.
A. where I had been                  B. where I had gone
C. where had I been                  D. where had I gone
14. What ____ Jane ____ by the time he was seven?
A. did, do           B. has, done      C did, did.            D. had,  done
15. I ______ 900 English words by the time I was ten.
A. learned          B. was learning      C. had learned        D. learnt
1-5 BDBAC 6-10 CBDBC 11-15 ACADC
三、课堂练习：
2015年一模
63. The red car belongs to my mother. (对划线部分提问)
____________ __________ belongs to your mother?
67. It’s about ten minutes’ walk from may home to my school. (就划线部分提问)
__________ _________ is it from my home to my school?
54. The magazine beside the TV is about how to protect the environment.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ is about how to protect the environment?
63.The nearest hospital is about fifteen minutes’ ride from our school.(对划线部分提问)
is the nearest hospital from out school?
62. The restaurant around the corner used to be Tom’s favorite.(对划线部分提问)
_________ restaurant ________ Tom’s favorite?
63.The new light rail line will be built in two years. (对划线部分提问)
will the new light rail line he built'?
62. The fisherman’s wife shouted at him angrily.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ the fisherman’s wife shout at him ?
62. The Greeks managed to capture the city of Troy through a trick.(对划线部分提问)
________ ________ the Greeks manage to capture the city of Troy?
63. We are going to move into the newly-decorated house in a year.  (对划线部分提问)
_________ _________are you going to move into the newly-decorated house?
64. Miss Green has taught in the west of China since 2000. (对划线部分提问)
__________ __________ has Miss Green taught in the west of China?
64. Most of the sportsmen on the basketball team are tall and strong. (对划线部分提问)
__________ do most of the sportsmen on the basketball team __________ like?
63. British families nowadays recycle about 22% of their waste. (对划线部分提问)
   ________ ________ of their waste do British families recycle nowadays? 
63. We use the link method to improve our memory. (对划线部分提问)
__________ __________ we use the link method?
63.The seat with a red sign is for the old only. (对划线部分提问）
 ____________ ____________is for the old only?
64. At the age of five, my little son weighed 25 kilograms. (对划线部分提问)
__________ __________ did your little son weigh at the age of five?
2015年二模
63. It cost Paul one thousand yuan to get his car fixed yesterday.（对划线部分提问）
　　　　 　　　　 did it cost Paul to get his car fixed yesterday?
64. Junior Three students will take the High School Entrance Examination in two months.
________ ________ will Junior Three students take the High School Entrance Examination?
64. There was heavy snow and windy weather this winter in Boston．(对