形容词和副词的比较级和最高级讲义.doc

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级讲解与练习
一、变化规则
①一般的比较级和最高级在形容词或副词后加-er或-est，
如：small --- smaller --- smallest
② 以不发音-e结尾的形容词或副词直接加 –r或 –st，
如:large --- largest --- largest
③ 重读闭音节词尾是一个辅音字母的，需双写该辅音字母，再加-er或-est。
如：big---bigger---biggest
④ 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的形容词和副词，把“y”变“i”，再加 –er或-est.
如：busy---busier---busiest
happy---happier---happiest
⑤一些双音节及多音节形容词或副词前要加more和most，如：
slowly --- more slowly --- most slowly
beautiful---more beautiful---most beautiful
还有一些不规则的变化：
原级
比较级
最高级
goo/ well
better
best
many/ much
more
most
bad / badly（坏地）
worse
worst
little
less
least
old
older（年龄）/ elder(辈份)
oldest/ eldest
far
farther距离/ further（程度）
farthest/ furthest

二、形容词和副词的等比句型
①as+原级+as … 和……一样
I’m as tall as you.
② not as(so)+原级+as 不和……一样（在否定句中常用so 来代替as）如：I can’t run so fast as you.
另外as…as possible 为固定结构“尽可能的”
如：as soon as possible, as quickly as possible “尽快”等。
在以上两个句型中形容词或副词一定要用原级。
练习：
我的房间不如你的干净。______________________________
你必须跟他一样认真。________________________________
▲as…as 前还可以加倍数,如:
The room is two times as large as that one.

三、比较级（两者之间）
(1) 两者相比: Which is+比较级,A or B? 如:
Which is bigger, the sun or the moon?
(2)比较级+ than. 如:
Mike is taller than John.
(3)有"of the two”, 用the+比较级. 如:
Lucy is the more careful of the two.
(4) 比较级前可用much/a lot /far/ a little /a bit/even 等修饰. 如:
This book is much more interesting than that one.
The blouse I bought yesterday is a little less expensive.
To play basketball is far more enjoyable to the boy.
(5) 比较级+and+比较级,表“越来越……”
It becomes warmer and warmer.
(6)“ the+比较级，the+比较级”,表“越……，越……”
The higher you stand, the farther you will see.
练习：
1.你吃的越多, 就会越胖. _______________________
2. Mike looks _____ than Paul, but they are of the same age.
A. youngest B. the youngest C. younger D. very younger

四、最高级(三者或三者以上)
1)三者或三者以上相比较用“the＋最高级＋名词＋范围（of/all+---）”。例如：
This is the cleanest place of the city.这是这个城市最清洁的地方。 Hu Yun is the fastest of all the girls in our class.
胡云是我们女生中跑得最快的。
2）表示“最……之一”，用“one of the+形容词最高级＋复数名词”。例如：
The Great Wall of China is one of the greatest buildings in the world. 中国的长城是世界上最伟大的建筑之一。
This is one of the most interesting books that I've ever read.
这是我读过的最有趣的书之一。
注意：形容词的最高级前面必须加定冠词the，但当形容词最高级前面有物主代词修饰时，则不加the。 副词前面的the可以省略。例如：
（正）This is my best friend.
（误）This is my the (the my) best friend.
（正）Today is the happiest day of my life.
（误）Today is happiest day of my life.
练习： She is the tallest in his class.
= She is ______ ( tall)than any other student in his class.
课堂练习
1. Which lesson is __________ (difficult) in Book 2?
2. Alice writes _____________(carefully ) than I.
3. This story is ____________( interesting) than that one.
4. That was one of _________( exciting) moments in 2008.
5. This kind of food must be ________ ( delicious )than that one.
单选
1．The Yellow River is one of ___ in China.
A. the longest rivers B. the longer river
C. the longest river D. the long river
2. Does he speak Chinese ___ his brother?
A. as better as B. as good as C. as well as D. best than
3. Which shirt do you like ___, the white one or the blue one?
A. better B. good C. best D. much
4. This picture book is not ___ that one.
A. so interesting as B. so interesting than
C. as interesting than D. interesting as
5. This article is ___ than that one.
A. much easier B. more easier
C. much more easier D. more easy
6. The Changjiang River is ___ river in China.
A. long B. longest C. the longest D. longer
一、写出以下各形容词的比较级和最高级：
1. nice _________ 2. fat _____________ 3. slow ___________
4. dry __________ 5. happy ___________ 6. wet ____________
7. much __________ 8. ill ______________ 9. little ___________
10. bad _________ 11. thin ____________ 12. far ____________
13. early _________ 14. careful__________ 15. busy ____________
二、根据句意，用所括号内所级形容词的比较等级形式填空：
1. Bob is _________ ( young ) than Fred but ___________ (tall) than Fred.
2. Yingtian is not as ___________ (tall) as Yongxian.
3. Almost all the students' faces are the same but Li Deming looks _______(fat) than before .
4.Which is _________ (heavy), a hen or a chicken?
5.-- How _________ (tall) is Sally?
-- She' s 1.55 metres ________ (tall). What about Xiaoling?
-- She' s only 1.40 metres ________(tall). She is much _______(short) than Sally.
She is also the _______ (short) girl in the class.
6. He is ______ (bad) at learning maths. He is much _______ (bad) at Chinese and he is the _________ (bad) at English.
7. Annie says Sally is the ________ (kind) person in the world.
8.He is one of the__________(friendly) people in the class, I think.
9. A dictionary is much________ (expensive) than a story-book.
10. An orange ia a little ______ (big) than an apple, but much ________ (small) than a watermelon.
11. The Changjiang River is the _______ (long) river in China.
12. Sue is a little __________ (beautiful) than her sister.
13.My room is not as _________ (big) as my brother' s.
14.--How difficult is physics? --I' m not sure.
-- Is it ________(difficult) than maths? -- I don' t think so.
15.-- Annie plays the piano very ___________ (well).
-- Sue plays it _____ (well) than Annie. And Sally plays it the _______(well).
16. Saturday is my _________ (busy) day in a week.
17. Her mother is getting ____________(fat) and ________ (fat).
18. I think it' s too expensive. I' d like a _____________ (cheap) one.
19. He comes to school much ____________ (early) than I.
20.This book is not as _____________ (interesting) as that one.
三、单选
1. This box is___ that one.
A. heavy than B. so heavy than C. heavier as D. as heavy as
2. When we speak to people, we should be ___ .
A. as polite as possible B. as polite as possibly
C. as politely as possible D. as politely as possibly
3. This book is____ that one, but____ than that one.
A. as difficult as; expensive B. as more difficult as; more expensive
C. as difficult as; more expensive D. more difficult as; as expensive
4. I think the story is not so ___ as that one.
A. interesting B. interested
C. more interesting D. most interesting
5. His father began to work____ he was seven years old.
A. as old as B. as early as C. since D. while
6. I think science is ____ than Japanese.
A. much important B. important
C. much more important D. more much important
7. This pencil is___ than that one.
A. longest B. long C. longer D. as long
8. My mother is no ___ young.
A. shorter B. longer C. little D. few
9 These children are ____ this year than they were last year.
A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller
10 It was very hot yesterday, but it is___ today.
A. even hotter B. more hotter C. much more hot D. much hot
11. Mrs. Black has got____ instead of getting any better.
A. more bad B. a little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worse
12. When we arrived, we found the meeting room crowded with___
students.
A. quite a few B. only a few C. few D. a few quite
13. The house is small for a family of six.
A. much too B. too much C. very much D.so
14. Through the window we can see nothing but ____ buildings.
A. tall very many B. very many tall
C. very tall many D. many very tall
15. What's your brother like? -He is___.
A. a driver B. very tall C. my friend D. at school
16.Tom is one of ____ boys in our class.
A. tallest B. taller C. the tallest D. the tall
17. English is one of____ spoken in the world.
A. the important languages B. the most important languages
C. most important language D. the most important language
18. Beijing is one of____ in China.
A. the largest city B. the large cities C. the larger cities D. the largest cities
9