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(每日一练)全国通用版高中英语必修一Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld易错知识点总结
单选题
1、This is the place_____ John was born?
A.whichB.whereC.whenD.that
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:这是约翰出生的地方吗?根据题意可知,这是一个定语从句,先行词是地点the place,在定语从句中作状语,因此使用联系词where引导定语从句。故选B项。
小提示:
2、We came to a place ______ they had never paid a visit before.
A.in whichB.to whichC.whatD.which
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:我们来到了他们之前从没有参观过的地方。分析句子可知,paid a visit to……为固定短语,意为“参观某地”,句中先行词为place,在从句中作paid a visit to的宾语,故用which,to which在句中作状语引导定语从句。故选B项。
3、In our mind, Professor Wang is a learned and kind man, so we showed our ________for him.
A.attentionB.respectC.struggleD.request
答案:B
考查名词词义辨析。句意:在我们心目中,王教授是一个博学的,和蔼的人,因此,我们对他很尊敬。A.attention注意;B. respect 尊敬;C. struggle 斗争;D.request请求。根据“Professor Wang is a learned and kind man”可知,在我们心目中,王教授是一个博学的,和蔼的人,因此,我们对他很尊敬。show our respect for(向某人表敬意)可知,选B。
4、The way ________ you used to make fire ________ right.
A./, proved
B.that, was proved
C.in which, proved
D.what, has been proved
答案:A
考查定语从句和prove用法。句意:你使用的生火方法证明是对的。分析句子可知,第一空引导定语从句,修饰先行词way,其意为“方式”,定语从句引导词可用that或in which,也可省略;第二空用prove作连系动词,其意为“证明是,结果是”,后接形容词right作表语,根据句意,应用一般过去时态。故选A项。
5、It is in this very town, __________Tom was born 40 years ago, __________he will build a new school, __________excites everyone in the town.
A.that; that; whichB.that; where; thatC.where; that; whichD.where; when; that
答案:C
考查强调句和定语从句。句意:正是在这个40年前汤姆出生的小镇上,他将建造一所新学校,这使镇上的每个人都感到兴奋。第一空引导定语从句,先行词是town,从句缺少地点状语,应用关系副词where引导;第二空与前文“It is in this very town”构成强调句,强调地点状语“in this very town”,应用that;第三空引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是school,从句缺少主语,应用关系代词which引导。故选C项。
6、I will never forget the scene ________ you saw me off in tears at the station.
A.whichB.whyC.whenD.where
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意: 我永远不会忘记你在车站泪眼汪汪地为我送行的那一幕。空处引导限制性定语从句,先行词是scene(情景),是抽象地点名词,且定语从句中缺少地点状语,应用关系副词where来引导,故选D。
7、________ my head had cleared, my brain was beginning to function much better.
A.Now thatB.AlthoughC.Due toD.Despite
答案:A
考查连词。句意:由于我的头脑清醒了,我的大脑开始运转得更好了。A. now that 既然;由于;B. although conj. 虽然;C. due to 由于;因为;D. despite prep. 尽管,虽然。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里需要连词,表示“因为,由于”的意思,引导原因状语从句。C选项的是介词短语。故选A。
8、Can you tell me how many athletes will ________ in the Olympic Games?
A.tapB.competeC.carveD.graduate
答案:B
考查动词词义辨析。句意:你能告诉我将会有多少运动员参加奥运会吗?A. tap 轻敲;B. compete参加比赛;C. carve 雕刻;D. graduate获得学位。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里是动词作从句谓语,需要“参加比赛”的意思,在情态动词will后面,要用动词原形。故选B。
9、Gillian Sandstorm, a senior lecturer in psychology at the University of Essex, investigated the extent ______people get happiness from weak-tie relationships.
A.whichB.whatC.to whichD.in which
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:埃塞克斯大学心理学高级讲师Gillian Sandstorm调查了人们从弱关系中获得幸福的程度。名词extent通常和介词to搭配,to the extent“……的程度,到……的程度”;空处引导定语从句,先行词extent在从句中作介词to的宾语,应用which。故选C。
小提示:
10、In the new TOFEL test, there are questions ________ test takers ________ read, listen and then speak into a microphone.
A.which … mustB.which … need
C.where … must `D.where … need
答案:C
考查定语从句和情态动词。句意:在新的托福考试中,有一些问题,考生必须阅读、倾听,然后对着麦克风说话。根据句型分析可知,第一空考查定语从句,先行词为questions,在从句中作状语,所以应选where;第二空考查情态动词,need作为情态动词一般只用于否定和疑问句中,肯定句中,need为实义动词,所以第二空应选must。故选C项。
11、He is an expert on rice planting ______ the local Zhuang people have learnt a lot.
A.by whichB.from whomC.by whomD.from which
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:他是一个水稻种植专家,当地的壮族人从他那儿已经学会了很多。分析句子成分可知,这是一个限制性定语从句,先行词expert,意为“专家”;又根据固定搭配learn sth. from sb. 意为“从某人那儿学到……”,所以应该用介词from;因此本句中,先行词为expert,指人,关系代词放在介词之后只能用whom,做定语从句的介词宾语。故选B项。
12、The reason ________ he has been such a success is________he never gives up.
A.why, becauseB.that, whatC.that, thatD.why, that
答案:D
考查定语从句和表语从句。句意:他如此成功的原因是他从不放弃。分析句子结构可知,“he has been such a success”是定语从句,从句中不缺主语或宾语,先行词reason是原因,因此第一空用关系副词why,“he never gives up”是表语从句,从句中不缺主语或宾语,且句子意思完整,因此第二空用that引导表语从句,故选D。
13、The Rainbow Bookstore, ______ 50 years ago, was closing, ______ made me heartbroken.
A.dated back to; whichB.dating back to; which
C.dating from; whenD.dates from; when
答案:B
考查非谓语和定语从句。句意:可以追溯到50年前的彩虹书店要关了,这让我心碎了。根据句子结构和意思可知,第一空考查动词短语“date back to”的现在分词形式作后置定语,该短语没有被动形式,只有主动形式,所以用现在分词形式作后置定语;第二个空考查定语从句,先行词是整个主句“The Rainbow Bookstore, ______ 50 years ago, was closing”的内容,在非限制性定语从句“______ made me heartbroken”中做主语,所以用关系代词which。故选B。
14、I think we’ ve fixed everything, and I don’t _________finding any more problems.
A.accelerateB.accommodateC.anticipateD.appreciate
答案:C
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我想我们已经解决了所有事情,我预计不会再发现任何问题了。A. accelerate加快;B. accommodate容纳;C. anticipate预料;D. appreciate欣赏;感激。根据前半句“I think we’ ve fixed everything”可知,anticipate“预料”符合句意。故选C。
小提示:
15、The reason ________I’m here to tell the story is that I made the right decision.
A.whyB.becauseC.thatD.which
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:我之所以在这里讲述这个故事是因为我做出了正确的决定。此处为定语从句修饰先行词reason,先行词在从句中作原因状语,故用why。故选A。
16、Companies should understand the risks _______ they are exposed and monitor their control environments adequately.
A.on whichB.in whichC.to whichD.with which
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:公司应该了解他们所面临的风险,并充分监控他们的控制环境。分析句子,此处考查介词+关系代词引导定语从句时,介词的选择。从句中的动词expose译为“使…曝光”,根据句意译为“暴露于”为expose…to,是固定搭配。to 可提至关系代词which前。故选C 项。
17、That is the very book______ I am looking for.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.as
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:那正是我要找的书。此处为定语从句修饰先行词book,先行词在从句中作宾语,指物,且被the very修饰,只能用关系代词that引导。故选A。
18、The doctor _______my sister is talking has just come from England.
A.with whomB.with whoC.with whichD.that
答案:A
考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。句意:和我姐姐谈话的那位医生刚从英国来。分析句子可知,此句是定语从句,先行词是The doctor,指人,在从句中作talk with的宾语,with可以提到关系代词的前面,即用“介词+关系代词”引导此定语从句,“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,指人,只能用whom,应用“with whom”引导此定语从句。故选A项。
19、Liberty, equality, and fraternity are the ideals _______ human beings have been fighting.
A.to whichB.against whichC.with whichD.for which
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意:自由、平等、博爱是人类一直为之奋斗的理想。分析句子,此处考查介词加关系代词时,介词的选择。从句 fight译为“奋斗”,根据句意译为“为…...奋斗”为fight for,是固定搭配。for 可提至关系代词which前。故选D项。
20、If a shopping mall has chairs________ women can park their men, women will spend more time in it.
A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:如果商店有椅子,可供女人们安顿他们的丈夫,女人们在商店就会花更多时间。分析句子可知,空格处引导定语从句,从句中不缺主语或宾语,先行词为chairs,是地点,因此空格处用关系副词where,故选C。
21、The ________ boy hasn’t turned up for several day, but one day he was caught ________ in the street.
A.missed, to begB.missed, begging
C.missing, beggingD.missing, begged
答案:C
考查形容词和非谓语动词。句意:那个失踪的男孩已经好几天没出现了,但有一天他在街上乞讨时被发现了。形容词missing“失踪的”,此处作定语修饰名词boy;第二空应用非谓语动词作主语补足语,逻辑主语he和beg之间是主动关系,且表动作正在进行,应用现在分词。故选C。
22、The U. S. and Russia have clashed over Russia’s ongoing military invasion of Ukraine, but space remains one area ______ the two historic rivals still work together.
A.whereB.in whereC.thatD.as
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:美国和俄罗斯就俄罗斯对乌克兰的持续军事入侵发生了冲突,但是太空依旧是这两个历史上的竞争对手所需要合作的一个领域。“______ the two historic rivals still work together.”是限定性定语从句,修饰先行词area(领域),且从句缺少地点状语in the area,应用关系副词where来引导,故选A。
23、We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true.
A.whichB.whatC.whenD.that
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:我们已经进入到了一个时代,在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an age(一个时代),且先行词在从句中作时间状语,所以关系词用when。故选C。
24、When I said some students were so lazy, I _______ to you.
A.don’t referB.wasn’t referringC.didn’t referD.hasn’t referred
答案:B
考查动词时态。句意:当我说有些学生懒惰的时候,我不是在说你。结合前后文语境可知,指过去的某一个时间点正在发生的事情,应用过去进行时,主语为I,谓语动词应用was。故选B。
25、Perhaps what is significant is the way ________ people have worked in harmony with nature to make terraces and grow rice.
A.on whichB.by whichC.in whichD.with which
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:也许最重要的是人们与自然和谐相处去建造这些梯田、种植水稻的方式。分析句子结合句意可知,空处引导一个定语从句,先行词是the way,意为“方式”,指事物,短语“in the way”表示“用……方式”,所以此处应用介词in + which引导从句。故选C。
26、The White Horse Temple, ________ back to the Eastern Han Dynasty, has a history of more than 1,900 years.
A.datesB.datedC.datingD.to date
答案:C
考查非谓语动词辨析。句意:白马寺始建于东汉,距今已有1900多年的历史。分析句子可知,date在句子中不作谓语,且与其逻辑主语The White Horse Temple是主动关系,所以用现在分词形式作状语。故选C项。
27、There are many reasons _______ people learn a foreign language.
A.whyB.whichC.thatD.where
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:人们学习外语的原因有很多。此处为定语从句修饰先行词reasons,先行词在从句中作原因状语,故用why引导。故选A。
28、You’d better not ask for the reason ________ he was absent for the meeting.
A.whyB.whereC.whatD.because
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:你最好不要问他缺席会议的原因。分析句子可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为“reason”,在从句中作原因状语,故应用关系副词“why”引导从句。故选A项。
29、There was a time _______, if a lady got onto a crowded bus or train, a gentleman would immediately stand up and offer her his seat.
A.whileB.asC.whenD.unless
答案:C
考查关系副词。句意:曾经有一段时间,如果女士上了拥挤的公共汽车或火车,男士会立即站起来给她让座。表示“曾经有一段时间”是there was a time when,先行词是time,在定语从句中作时间状语,用when引导定语从句。故选C。
30、One day, my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands _______ we often risked going and got more fish than others
A.whichB.whenC.in whichD.where
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意:一天,我和我的两个兄弟从我们经常冒险去的岛屿回来,我们得到了比别人更多的鱼。分析句子,定语从句部分缺状语,所以此处需用关系副词。此处的先行词为islands表示地点,所以应用where。C项介词+关代可以相当于关系副词,但是此处的介词应改为on。综合分析,故选D项。
完成句子
31、尽管事实是一直在下大雨,但她仍然匆忙地出了门。
________that it was raining heavily, she still went out hurriedly.
答案:Despite the fact
考查介词。结合句意,“尽管”可用介词despite表示,“事实”可用名词fact表示,此处特指“一直在下大雨”这个事实,所以fact前面需加定冠词the,表特指。分析句子结构可知,the fact充当介词despite的宾语,that it was raining heavily是fact的同位语从句。句首字母要大写。故填Despite the fact。
32、没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。
Nobody knows the reason ____________________________.
答案:why he is often late for school
考查定语从句、固定短语和时态。此处为定语从句修饰先行词reason,先行词在从句中作原因状语,应用why引导;表示“迟到”短语为be late for,后跟名词school,作宾语;表示“总是”应用副词often,从句应用一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数。故填why he is often late for school。
33、导游带游客去参观鲁迅工作过的那个房间。
The guide showed the tourists to the room________.
答案:where/in which Lu Xun worked
考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,“The guide showed the tourists to the room”是主句,“鲁迅工作过的那个房间”可以写成定语从句,修饰先行词room,“鲁迅工作过”表示过去发生的事,用一般过去时,翻译为Lu Xun worked,从句缺少地点状语,应用关系副词where或“介词+关系代词”来引导,地点状语表示“在这个房间里”,应用in the room,所以应用in which来引导,定语从句写成where/in which Lu Xun worked,故填where/in which Lu Xun worked。
34、I thought the book ______ ______ by Mr. White was well worth reading.
我认为怀特先生提到的那本书很值得一读。
答案: referred to
考查动词短语。空处表示“提到”,使用动词短语refer to,和book之间是动宾关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。故填①referred②to。
35、我建议立即购买提到的那本字典。
I recommend that the dictionary ________ be bought at once.
答案:referred to (should)
考查非谓语和虚拟语气。根据语法规则recommend表示“建议”时,从句中的谓语动词应用(should)+动词原形表示虚拟语气,分析句子结构可知,“提到的”应作定语来修饰“ the dictionary”,所以应用过去分词referred to 作后置定语,所以空格处应填referred to (should)。故填referred to (should)。
36、他让自己陷入了一个艰难的处境,在这种情形下,他必须自己做出决定。
He got himself into a difficult situation________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________himself.
答案: where he had to make a decision
考查定语从句。分析句子,设空处应该使用的是定语从句。定语从句修饰 a difficult situation,其引导词在从句中作地点状语。同时此处描述的是过去发生的动作,故使用一般过去时。表示“做决定”应该用make a decision。故答案为①where ②he③ had ④to ⑤make⑥ a⑦ decision。
37、追溯到18世纪,京剧已经有两百多年的历史了。
________ ________ ________ the 18th century, Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history.
答案: Dating back to
考查固定搭配和现在分词。根据句意可知,设空处表达的含义为“追溯到”,需要用到动词短语date back to;分析句子成分和句子结构可知,句中已有谓语动词has,无连词,可推断这是一个简单句,所以设空处是非谓语动词,充当状语;date与逻辑主语Peking Opera之间是主动关系,所以要用现在分词。故①填Dating,②填back,③填to。
38、他迟到的原因是他睡过头了。(why)
The reason ________________ was that he overslept.
答案:why he was late
考查定语从句和时态。分析可知,空处为定语从句,修饰先行词reason;结合空后was可知,定语从句的时态为一般过去时。表示“他迟到了”为he was late,为主系表结构,因而先行词reason在定语从句中作状语,所以用关系副词why引导,故填why he was late。
39、Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.(现在分词作结果状语)
The government has recently introduced more cancer drugs, __________ to be cured.政府最近引进了更多的癌症药物,使更多的病人得以治愈。
答案:allowing more patients
考查固定搭配和非谓语动词。根据所给汉语提示可知,空处表示“使更多病人得以”,allow是动词意为“使……得以”,句中存在谓语动词has introduced,这里使用非谓语动词形式,且逻辑主语是主句整句,与allow之间为主动关系,因此使用现在分词形式作伴随状语,现在分词allowing的宾语是more patients。故填allowing more patients。
40、说到学英语,人们普遍认为:没有什么比跟英语母语人士待在一起更好的了。
________ learning English, it's universally recognized that there is________ than staying with ________.
答案: When it comes to/As for/As nothing better a native English speaker/ native English speakers
考查固定句型。根据汉语提示,表示“说到”应用固定句型When it comes to或者介词短语As for或者用连词As,As learning English理解为状语从句的省略;表示“没有什么比……更好的了”,应用固定句型there is nothing better than...,第二空需填nothing better;表示“母语人士”应用a native English speaker/native English speakers。故填①When it comes to/As for/As;②nothing better;③a native English speaker/native English speakers。
语法填空
41、The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work ________ a good impression is a must. (用单词适当形式填空)
答案:where
考查定语从句引导词。句意:这本书在日常交际中极大地帮助了我,尤其是在给人留下良好印象是必须的工作中。此处为定语从句修饰先行词work,且先行词在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where。故填where。
42、Susan’s idea of freedom was to have ________ (vary) in her lifestyle. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:variety
考查名词。句意:苏珊心目中的自由就是拥有丰富多彩的生活方式。根据句意和提示词可知,应填入名词variety作宾语,意为“变化,多样化”,抽象名词,不可数。故填variety。
43、We went through a period ____________ communications were very difficult in the rural areas. (用适当的词填空)
答案:when
考查定语从句。句意:我们经历了一段农村地区通讯非常困难的时期。此处为定语从句修饰先行词period,先行词在从句中作时间状语,应用关系副词when引导。故填when。
44、The study suggests that the cultures we grow up in influence the basic processes by_______ we see the world around us. (用适当的词填空)
答案:which
考查定语从句。句意:研究表明,我们成长的文化影响着我们观察周围世界的基本过程。we see the world around us是定语从句,修饰先行词 the basic processes,关系代词which在从句中充当介词by的宾语,故填which。
45、Not all men are equal ________the ability. (用适当的词填空)
答案:in
考查介词。句意:并非所有人在能力上都是平等的。be equal in“在某方是平等的”。故填in。
46、He talked with his parents without ________(refer)to the fact that he had registered for an institute.(所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:reference##referring
考查名词及动名词。句意:他和父母谈话时没有提到他已经注册了一个研究所。without后用名词或动名词表示伴随状态,refer to为固定搭配,意为“提到”,名词形式reference“提及”,不可数名词。故填reference/referring。
47、Men and women must be treated ___________ (equal) in education and employment. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:equally
考查副词。句意:必须在教育和就业方面平等对待男女。空处需用副词作状语修饰动词treat;equal的副词为equally“平等地”。故填equally。
48、The reason ________she was fired was________ the boss was not satisfied with her job. (用适当的词填空)
答案: why that
考查定语从句和表语从句。句意:她被解雇的理由是因为老板对她的工作不满意。分析句子结构,“________she was fired”是定语从句,修饰先行词the reason,先行词在从句中做原因状语,故第一个空填why。“________ the boss was not satisfied with her job”是表语从句,从句中不缺成分,不缺含义,所以第二个空填that。The reason why…is that…是惯用句型,译为“做……的原因是……”。故答案为why和that。
49、Not only is likability ________ (relate) to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:related
考查固定短语和倒装句。句意:讨人喜欢不仅与积极的生活结果有关,而且也是那些结果的原因。分析句子可知,句中涉及固定短语“be related to...”,意为“与……有关系”,句中涉及固定句型“Not only…but also…”,“Not only”所在句子要用部分倒装,“is”提前,故空格处应用“related”。故填related。
50、Have you ever read the book ________ ________ there are many pictures? (用适当的词填空)
答案: in which
考查定语从句。句意:你读过那本有很多图片的书吗?设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词book,根据下文可知图片应该是在书上的,“在书上”应用in the book,所以此处是介词in+关系代词来引导这个定语从句,先行词是事物,且定语从句缺少介词in后面的宾语,所以引导词用whicn,故填in;which。
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