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(名师选题)2023年人教版人教版高中英语必修一WelcomeUnit考点突破
单选题
1、What sentence element does the underlined part serve as?
It’s important to stick to it and work hard towards it.
A.Subject(主语)B.Object(宾语)
C.Adverbial(状语)D.Attributive(定语)
答案:A
考查句子成分。句意:下划线部分是什么句子成分?坚持下去并为之努力工作是很重要的。分析句子可知,划线部分为句子真正主语,it为形式主语。故选A项。
2、The man never rides a bike.
A.SVB.SVAC.SVPD.SVO
答案:D
考查基本句型。句意:这个人从不骑自行车。The man是主语,never是状语,rides是谓语动词,a bike是宾语。由此可知,本句属于“主谓宾”句型。故选D。
3、As we all know, success lies in hard work while laziness _______failure.
A.turns outB.leads toC.results fromD.concentrates on
答案:B
考查动词短语辨析。句意:我们都知道,成功在于努力,而懒惰导致失败。A. turns out结果是;B. leads to导致;C. results from由于;D. concentrates on集中精力于。根据前后文语境“success lies in hard work while laziness _______failure”可知,懒惰导致失败,应用lead to。故选B。
4、He reasoned that evolution seemed to proceed not by ________ but by chance and fate.
A.designB.rarityC.natureD.transformation
答案:A
考查名词词义辨析。句意:他推断,进化似乎不是通过设计,而是偶然和命运。A. design设计; B. rarity稀少;C. nature自然;D. transformation转换。根据后面的by chance and fate以及but表示转折可知,前面说的是进化不是设计好的。故选A项。
5、Anyway, whether they like it or not, they do give people a very good _________.
A.impressionB.impressC.impressiveD.impressed
答案:A
考查名词。句意:不管怎样,不管他们喜欢与否,他们确实给人们一个很好的印象。A.impression印象;B.impress留下深刻印象;C.impressive令人印象深刻的;D.impressed印象深刻的。“a very good”后跟名词的单数形式,因此空格处是“impression”,故选A。
6、Going from junior high school to senior high school is really a big challenge.句子的 主语 是:
A.junior high schoolB.senior high school
C.a big challengeD.Going from junior high school to senior high school
答案:D
考查句子分析。句意:从初中到高中真的是一个巨大的挑战。分析句子可知,句子的主语是动名词短语Going from junior high school to senior high school,句子是主系表句型,a big challenge为表语。故选D项。
7、The ________ look on his face suggested that he was scared of the ________ sharks.
A.frightened; frighteningB.frightening; frightening
C.frightened; frightenedD.frightening; frightened
答案:A
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他脸上惊恐的表情表明他害怕那些可怕的鲨鱼。根据句意可知,第一个空表示“他害怕的表情”,修饰人时,常使用-ed结尾形容词,所以第一空填入frightened(感到害怕的);第二个空表示“可怕的鲨鱼”,修饰物,常使用-ing结尾形容词,所以第二个空填入frightening(可怕的)。故选A。
8、One of my classmates kept talking to me during the lesson so that I couldn’t follow the teacher. How _____ it was!
A.anxiousB.excitingC.frighteningD.annoying
答案:D
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:上课的时候有一个同学一直和我讲话,以至于我不能好好跟着老师的思路。真烦人!A. anxious焦虑的;B. exciting令人兴奋的;C. frightening令人 害怕的;D. annoying让人生气的。分析句子可知,此处需要使用形容词annoying修饰,表示上课时被打搅很恼人,让人生气。故选D项。
9、If you want to stay healthy, you must ________ junk food.
A.take care ofB.pay attention to
C.stay away fromD.look forward to
答案:C
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:如果你想保持健康,你必须远离垃圾食品。A. take care of照顾;B. pay attention to注意;C. stay away from远离;D. look forward to期望。根据“If you want to stay healthy,”可知,想保持健康必须远离垃圾食品。故选C。
10、Her face turned red.
A.SVB.SVIODOC.SPD.SVO
答案:C
考查基本句型。A.SV主谓;B.SVIODO主谓直宾间宾;C.SP主系表;D.SVO主谓宾。her face为句子的主语,turn为系动词,red为形容词在句中充当表语,故此句型为主系表结构。故选C。
11、The ________ on Sarah's face told me that she got annoyed.
A.confidenceB.expressionC.appearanceD.impression
答案:B
考查名词词义辨析。句意:莎拉脸上的表情告诉我她生气了。A.confidence信心;B.expression表情;C.appearance外貌;D.impression印象。根据“told me that she got annoyed”可知,此处是指脸上的表情。故选B。
12、The sentence pattern of “I enjoy living in Gansu.” is ________.
A.S+V+OB.S+V+P
C.S+V +IO+ DOD.S+V +DO+ OC
答案:A
考查句子结构。分析句子结构可知,I是主语,enjoy是谓语,“living in Gansu”是动名词短语作宾语,因此句子结构是主谓宾结构,即S+V+O。故选A。
13、All the students present were eagerly asking questions about the new comer, ________ to know his secret.
A.curiousB.enviousC.cautiousD.generous
答案:A
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:所有在场的学生都急切地询问这位新来的人的情况,想知道他的秘密。A. curious好奇的,渴望知道的;B. envious嫉妒的;C. cautious谨慎的;D. generous慷慨的。根据“All the students present were eagerly asking questions about the new comer,”可知,所有的学生都渴望知道这位新来的人的秘密。故选A。
14、Inspired, he asked his fans to make videos, which he then joined together into one performance.主句中的谓语是:
A.inspiredB.askedC.makeD.joined
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:受到启发,他让他的粉丝们制作视频,然后他把这些视频组合成一个表演。A.inspired 启发,过去分词作状语;B.asked 让,要求,主句谓语动词;C.make 做,动词不定式 to make videos作asked的宾语补足语;D.joined 加入,短语join together 组合,作从句谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,这是一个关系代词whih引导的非限制性定语从句,主句是he asked his fans to make videos,主句中的主语是he,谓语动词是asked。故选B项。
15、She is so __________ a woman that she is certain of her views.
A.familiarB.ordinaryC.significantD.confident
答案:D
考查形容词。句意:她是一个非常自信的女人,确信自己的观点。A. familiar熟悉的; B. ordinary普通的; C. significant重要的; D. confident自信的。根据句中的“she is certain of her views.(她确信自己的观点)”可知,她一定是个自信的女人。故选D项。
16、Analyze the structure of the following sentence:“I hope to be fluent when I graduate.”
A.SVOB.SVAC.SVOAD.SP
答案:C
考查句子结构。题目要求分析句子成分,本句的主语是I,谓语动词是hope,宾语是to be fulent,此处是不定式短语做hope的宾语,when引导的是时间状语,所以整个句子结构是主谓宾+状语,故选C项。
17、It’s a_________ idea to build cabin hospitals (方舱医院) to receive patients during the outbreak of COVID-19 (新冠肺炎).
A.convenientB.cheerfulC.creativeD.curious
答案:C
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在新冠肺炎爆发期间,建造方舱医院来接收病人是一个有创造性的想法。A. convenient方便的;B. cheerful令人愉快的;C. creative有创造性的;D. curious好奇的。根据句意可知,在新冠肺炎爆发期间,建造方舱医院来接收病人应该是一个有创造性的想法,“creative”意为“有创造性的”,形容词词性,在句中作定语。故选C项。
18、It was at the age of 5 ________ he left his hometown for Shanghai.
A.thatB.whenC.whichD.as
答案:A
考查强调句型。句意:那是在5岁的时候他离开了家乡去上海。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查强调句型It was...that...的结构,被强调的部分at the age of 5是介词短语做时间状语,he left his hometown for Shanghai是主谓宾基本成分完整的句子,所以只能用that。故选A。
19、In the near future, there ________ self-driving cars in our city.
A.isB.wasC.areD.will be
答案:D
考查一般将来时。句意:在不久的将来,我们的城市将有自动驾驶汽车。根据In the near future可知用there be句型的一般将来时,其构成是there will be,故选D。
20、I didn’t feel ________ at all when ________ myself at the beginning of this school year.
A.confident, introducingB.confidently, introducing
C.confident, introducedD.confidently, introduced
答案:A
考查形容词和状语从句的省略。句意:这学年开始我介绍自己的时候,我一点都不自信。根据句子结构可知,第一个空要用形容词做表语,表示主语的状态,所以第一个空填confident;第二个空考查“when”引导的时间状语从句的省略:当主从句主语一致,并且从句谓语有be动词时,可以把从句的主语和be动词省略。根据意思可知,introduce这个动作是主句主语“I”主动发出的动作,所以完整的句子应该是“when I was introducing myself at the beginning of this school year.”,省略了从句的主语和be动词之后,就是“when introducing myself at the beginning of this school year.”,所以第二个空填introducing。故选A。
21、The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste.划线部分是________
A.定语从句B.宾语从句C.表语从句D.状语从句
答案:C
考查句子结构。句意:事实是宽街抽水机里的水被废物污染了。本句中主语为The truth,谓语动词为be动词was,后接从句为表语从句。连接词为that。故选C。
22、Study shows that there is strong ________ between physical punishment and the IQ.
A.connectionB.conditionC.organizationD.cooperation
答案:A
考查名词词义辨析。句意:研究表明体罚和智商之间有很强的关联。A. connection关联,关系;B. condition条件,状况;C. organization组织;D. cooperation合作。结合句意可知,此处指研究表明两者之间有“关联”。故选A项。
23、There are _________ animals in this world, which keeps the balance of nature.
A.frightenedB.formerC.variousD.likely
答案:C
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在这个世界上有各种各样的动物,这保持了自然的平衡。A. frightened害怕的;B. former先前的;C. various各种各样的;D. likely可能的。根据“which keeps the balance of nature”可知,动物多样性保持自然界平衡。故选C。
24、He noticed a man enter the room.
A.SVOOB.SOAC.SVAD.SVOC
答案:D
考查句子结构。句意:他注意到一个人进了房间。句中主语为He,谓语动词为noticed,宾语为a man,enter the room为宾语补足语。所以本句为主谓宾补结构。故选D。
25、He was accused of stealing money from her but it was________.
A.pulling its weightB.in its own right
C.to tick all the right boxesD.the other way round
答案:D
考查短语。句意:他被控告偷了她的钱,但是正好相反。A. pull its weight 做好分内事,尽责;B. in its own right 凭借自身,靠自己;C. to tick all the right boxes 满足所有的要求,符合所有的标准;D. the other way round 反过来,反之亦然。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查短语做表语。考查the other way round 表示“反过来”的意思。故选D。
26、After _____ your destination, you will have a day ____ the city.
A.getting to, exploringB.reaching, to explore
C.arriving, to exploreD.reaching, to be explored
答案:B
考查非谓语动词。句意:到达目的地后,您将有一天的时间来探索这座城市。A.getting to到达,exploring探索;B.reaching到达, to explore探索;C.arriving到达, to explore探索;D.reaching到达, to be explored被探索。第一个设空处在句中作非谓语,前为介词,设空处应用动名词的形式作宾语,表示“到达”为get to或者reach,故第一个设空处可为reaching或者getting to;第二个设空处为非谓语,表示将来,应用动词不定式的形式作定语,且动词不定式的主动形式表被动含义,应为to explore。故选B。
27、It is considered that digital TV is________ to satellite TV because it allows the same service to be delivered with clearer pictures.
A.betterB.superiorC.seniorD.junior
答案:B
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:有人分析说,数字电视在提供同样的服务的同时,画面也更加清晰,因此比卫星电视更有优势。A. better更好的;B. superior优质的;C. senior年长的;D. junior职位较低的。由“because it allows the same service to be delivered with clearer pictures”可知,数字电视在提供同样的服务的同时,画面也更加清晰,因此比卫星电视更有优势,superior to意为“优于;比……优越”。故选B。
28、Emily Dickinson is generally _________ as one of the finest women poets in history.
A.restrictedB.acknowledgedC.designedD.employed
答案:B
考查动词词义辨析。句意:Emily Dickinson是公认的历史上最优秀的女诗人之一。A. restricted限制;B. acknowledged承认;C. designed设计;D. employed雇用。结合句意可知,此处指“被公认为是历史上最优秀的女诗人之一”,be acknowledged as被公认为,固定搭配。故选B项。
29、He likes dancing very much.该句子结构为
A.SVB.SVOC.SV IO DOD.SVOC
答案:B
考查句子结构。句意:他非常喜欢跳舞。此处主语为he;谓语动词为likes;名词dancing作宾语;very much表示“非常”,修饰动词,作状语。故句子结构为“主谓宾”,缩写为SVO,故选B。
30、Tom always turns to his father for help and he has absolute ________ in his father.
A.campaignB.cautionC.confidenceD.collection
答案:C
考查名词词义辨析。句意:汤姆总是向他的父亲寻求帮助,他对他的父亲有绝对的信心。A. campaign运动;B. caution谨慎;C. confidence自信;D. collection收藏品。根据上文“Tom always turns to his father for help”可知,汤姆对他的父亲有绝对的信心,have confidence in sb.表示“对某人有信心”。故选C。
完成句子
31、一句多译
尽管汤姆缺乏信心,但他尽一切努力,最终梦想成真。
1 .Though ________ ________ , Tom made every effort to make his dream come true at last.
2 .In spite of ________ ________ ________ , Tom made every effort to make his dream come true at last.
答案: lacking confidence lack of confidence
考查非谓语动词和短语。第一个句子:表示“缺乏”可用及物动词lack,后跟不可数名词confidence“信心”作宾语;分析可知,此处应用非谓语动词和though构成让步状语,lack和Tom之间为逻辑主动关系,故用现在分词。第二个句子:位于介词短语in spite of后可用名词词组lack of作宾语,其后跟不可数名词confidence“信心”作宾语。综上,故填lacking;confidence;lack;of;confidence。
小提示:
32、不要管这个男孩,他自己能做决定。
____ ____the boy; he can make up his own mind.
答案: Leave alone
考查固定短语。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处是固定短语leave alone“不打扰,不干涉,不管,不理”,本句为祈使句,应使用动词原形开头,句首首字母大写。故填①Leave;②alone。
33、父亲就是这样——无论他遇到什么问题,都决不放弃。
Such is Dad—________ _______he meets with,he never gives up.
答案: whatever problem
考查代词。分析句子可知,空白处要表达“无论什么问题”,可以用连接词whatever搭配problems来表达。故填whatever problem。
34、不管他或她有多么聪明、多么努力,每一名学生在学习中总会遇到困难,从缺乏信心到学习方法。(range)
________he or she is, every student will come across difficulties in his or her study, ________to study methods.
答案: No matter how clever / However clever ranging from lack of confidence。
考查让步状语从句和非谓语动词。根据中文句意和英语句子结构,第一个设空处缺“不管……有多么聪明”,应填no matter how clever / however clever,为让步状语从句;设空处在句首,首字母应大写。第二空缺“从缺乏信心到”,“缺乏信心”应用名词短语lack of confidence,“从……到……”应用动词短语range from...to...,此处为非谓语动词形式,range与逻辑主语difficulties之间为主谓关系,应用现在分词,故填ranging from lack of confidence,作后置定语。故填:① No matter how clever / However clever;② ranging from lack of confidence。
35、反思下你的学习方式,想想哪种才是最好的方法来学习英语。
______________ your learning styles and think about what is __________________________________English.
答案: Reflect on the best way to learn
考查固定短语,祈使句及非谓语动词。根据中文提示,可用reflect on来表示题干中的“反思”。此处表示建议的语气,所以用祈使句。reflect on用动词原形;用the best way 来表示题干中的“最好的方法”;learn可用于表示“学习”,同时此处的learn需用不定式做后置定语。综上,故填①Reflect on;②the best way to learn。
36、I often go to ______________ the gym as my after-class activities.
课外活动时,我通常要么去英语角,要么去体育馆。
答案:either the English Corner or
考查短语。要么......要么......应用either...or... 英语角应为English corner,故填either the English Corner or。
37、问题在于我们能否在周五之前完成这项实验。
The question is___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________.
答案: whether we can finish the experiment by Friday
考查表语从句。根据汉语提示以及空前的The question is可知“我们能否在周五之前完成这项实验”可以翻译为whether引导的表语从句,谓语为can+动词原形;“完成这项实验”用动词短语finish the experiment表达;“在周五前”用by Friday表达;所以设空处可填whether we can finish the experiment by Friday。故答案为①whether②we③can④finish⑤the⑥experiment⑦by⑧Friday。
38、随着考试的临近,我发现自己越来越焦虑。(with结构,find+宾语+宾补)
___________, I find ____________.
答案: With the exam approaching myself getting more and more anxious
考查with的复合结构和现在分词作宾补。根据句意并分析句子结构可知,第一空:用with复合结构作状语,现在分词approaching(靠近)作宾语补足语,与宾语the exam(考试)在逻辑上是主动关系。第二空:是动词find带复合宾语结构;用现在分词短语getting more and more anxious(变得越来越焦虑)作宾语补足语,与宾语myself(我自己) 在逻辑上是主动关系。故填With the exam approaching和myself getting more and more anxious。
39、万一这孩子出了什么事怎么办?
____ ____anything should happen to the child?
答案: What if
考查固定短语。结合汉语意思“万一……怎么办”可知短语为what if,句首单词首字母要大写。故填①What;②if。
40、他要求我们都关注他的发言。(concentrate on)
He made a requirement that we all _______.
答案:(should) concentrate on his speech
考查虚拟语气。“关注”使用动词短语concentrate on,“他的发言”his speech,句中requirement表示“要求”,后接that引导从句时,从句应用虚拟语气,即从句谓语使用“should+动词原形”,其中should可以省略。故填(should) concentrate on his speech。
语法填空
41、Using proper learning ________ (strategy) can save you a lot of time to remember the key points. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:strategies
考查名词。句意:使用合适的学习策略能够为你节省大量的时间去记忆要点。表达:学习策略,英语用learning strategy。由于策略不止一种,因此要用复数。故填strategies。
42、I'd like to start my own business—that's ________ I'd do if I had money. (补全句子)
答案:what
考查名词性从句。句意:我想自己创业,那是我有钱后要做的事。此处引导表语从句,且在从句中作do的宾语,指物,意为“……的事情”。故用what。
43、_______________________(master)a new skill, you must learn carefully. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:To master
考查非谓语动词不定式。句意:为了掌握一门新技巧,你必须认真学习。根据句意可知,空格处应表达目的,动词不定式位于句首,作目的状语。故填To master。
44、She doesn’t talk to me but she _________(lecture) me. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:lectures
考查时态和主谓一致。句意:她不跟我说话,却教训我。but前后时态一致,由doesn’t可知,空格处时态用一般现在时,主语she是第三人称单数,因此空格处用第三人称单数lectures。故填lectures。
45、_________(impress) by the speech, she made up her mind to work even harder in future. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:Impressed
考查非谓语动词。句意:她被演讲打动了,下定决心今后要更加努力工作。分析句子可知,逗号前为句子的状语,短语:be impressed by“被……打动”,句中主语she与动词impress为动宾关系,所以此处用过去分词,因处于句首,所以首字母大写。故填Impressed。
46、The problem is __________we can get to replace her. (用适当的词填空)
答案:who
考查表语从句。句意:问题是我们能找到谁来代替她。分析句子可知, ① we can get接在is后,为表语从句,连接词在从句中做宾语,意为“谁”,应用连接词who。故填who。
47、The little girl was so ____(frighten) that she burst out crying. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:frightened
考查形容词。句意:这个小女孩如此害怕,以至于突然哭了起来。分析句子结构,该空作was之后的表语,用形容词,根据句意可知,此处修饰The little girl,指人,应使用-ed结尾的形容词,意为“感到害怕的”。故填frightened。
48、If you are worried about your health, share your________ (anxious) with your doctor. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:anxiety
考查名词。句意:如果你担心你的健康,与你的医生分享你的焦虑。结合语意,如果你担心你的健康,应该与医生分享焦虑,所给单词anxious是形容词,表示“焦虑的”,空处应填对应的名词形式anxiety,表示“焦虑”,作动词share的宾语。故填anxiety。
49、He took the examination with full of________________(confident). (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:confidence
考查名词。句意:他满怀信心地参加了考试。分析句子可知,设空处应填名词作宾语。confidence是不可数名词,因此无复数形式。故填confidence。
50、This kind of machine, _________(design) in the 1970s, is now widely used in agriculture. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:designed
考查非谓语动词。句意:这种机器是20世纪70年代设计的,现在广泛用于农业。句中is为谓语动词,设空处应该使用非谓语动词,此处machine与design之间是被动关系,故使用过去分词作定语。故填designed。
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