高中英语被动语态考点总结.docx

高中英语被动语态考点总结1单选题(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)1、Whats the noise outside？It comes from the construction site.A library_.Ais builtBis buildingCwill be builtDis being built答案：D解析：考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：外面的噪音是怎么回事？它来自建筑工地。一座图书馆正在被建造。句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系；且根据上文可知此时正在建造，表示正在进行或发生的被动动作，应用现在进行时的被动语态。主语为单数名词，谓语动词用单数。故选D。2、I had a strong desire to go in and play with the toy, but _back by the shop window.AholdBheldCam heldDwas held答案：D解析：考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：我很想进去玩那个玩具，但被商店橱窗挡住了。分析句子可知，空处需要填入谓语动词形式与前面的had a strong desire为转折关系，时态应保持一致，即一般过去时。由句意及后面的by可知，空处为被动语态，且与主语I保持主谓一致用单数，即was held。故选D项。3、The vegetables didnt taste very good, because they _ too long by myself.AcookBhad cookedChad been cookedDcooked答案：C解析：考查动词时态语态。句意：这些蔬菜不太好吃，因为我自己煮的时间太长了。根据句意可知，动词cook发生在过去之前，此处应该用过去完成时；主语“they”和动词“cook”之间为被动关系，故用过去完成时的被动形式，故选C。小提示：4、The new suspension bridge _ by the end of last month.Ahas been designedBhad been designedCwas designedDwould be designed答案：B解析：考查时态和语态。句意：新的吊桥已经在上月月底设计完成。根据时间状语 by the end of last month“到上个月月底”表示过去的过去，要使用过去完成时，bridge 和design之间为被动关系，要使用过去完成时的被动语态，故选择B项。5、The people who _Net worms are those _are addicted to the Internet.Areferred to as; whoBare called; whomCare known as; whoDare known for; whom答案：C解析：考查固定短语辨析、语态及定语从句。句意：被称为网虫的人是那些沉迷于网络的人。refer to as“称为”，be called“被称为”，be known as“被称为，被认为是”，be known for“因为而闻名”。分析句子成分可知，第一空是定语从句的谓语动词，与先行词the people是逻辑被动关系，应使用被动语态，故排除A，根据短语意思，排除D项；第二空是定语从句，先行词those，指人，在从句中做主语，应使用who引导。故选C。6、There are some seemingly insignificant matters that, when _ in time, can become bigger ones later on.Aarent dealt withBnot dealt withChaving dealt withDbeing dealt with答案：B解析：考查时态，语态和省略。句意：有些看似微不足道的事情，如果不及时处理，就会变成大问题。when引导的是时间状语从句，空格处意为“那些事情不及时处理”，由前面的are可知，句子时态是一般现在时，主语matters是复数，用they指代，且matters是被处理，因此空格处用一般现在时的被动语态，为they are not dealt with，时间状语从句中的主语和主句主语一致且从句中有be动词时，可省略从句的主语和be动词，即省略they are，因此空格处是not dealt with，故选B。7、I was sent to the village last month to see how the plan _ in the past two years.Awould be carried outBwas carried outChad been carried outDis being carried out答案：C解析：考查动词时态和语态。句意：上个月我被派到村里去看看过去两年的计划是如何实施的。分析句子可知，空处缺少see的宾语从句的谓语，根据in the past two years可知，从句用完成时态，又根据was sent可知，“实施计划”在“被派去”之前完成，用过去完成时，且plan（计划）与carry out（执行）构成逻辑上的被动关系，用过去完成时的被动语态（had been done）。故选C项。8、In the past few years, great changes_ in my hometown.Ahave taken placeBhave been taken placeCwere taken place答案：A解析：考查语态。句意：过去几年，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。根据In the past few years可知用完成时；根据语境可知用被动语态，但是take place是不及物动词动词，因此无被动语态。故选A。9、A dozen parks _ in recent years, _ as both tourism destinations and natural oxygen bars.Awas built; to serveBhave been built; servingCbuilt; servingDhave built; served答案：B解析：考查时态、语态和非谓语动词。句意：近年来已经建成了十几个公园，既是旅游目的地，也是天然氧吧。根据句中时间状语in recent years及as both tourism destinations and natural oxygen bars可知，公园的建设已经完成，所以第一空要用现在完成时；parks于build为动宾关系，所以第一空要用被动语态。第二空及之后的内容作为公园建立后实现的一个结果，所以应用现在分词作状语。结合选项，选项B符合题意，故选B。10、-Why didnt you bring your computer here yesterday?-Oh, it_ by my neighbor then.Ais checkedBwas checkedCwas being checkedDwas checking答案：C解析：考查时态和语态。句意：你昨天为什么不把电脑带到这里来?哦，当时我的邻居正在检查。根据上文时态是一般过去时，以及then“当时”，可知此处时态是过去进行时，描述正在发生的事情；由主语为it，与check之间是被动关系，因此要用过去进行时的被动语态。故选C项。11、The software should _ before being put on the market.Atest outBtest onCbe tested outDbe tested on答案：C解析：考查被动语态。句意：这种软件在投放市场之前应该经过测试。test on在身上做实验，不符合语境；test out彻底检验；此处主语software 与test out构成被动关系，且should后跟动词原形。故选C。12、Damage _ by the big fire, which _ in Shanghai last Sunday, is _ at about 500 million yuan.Acaused; broke away; costBcaused; broke out; assessedCbeing caused; broke away; accessedDbeing caused, broke out; acquired答案：B解析：考查过去分词和时态。句意：上周日在上海发生的大火造成的损失估计约为5亿元人民币。根据Damage与cause之间是被动关系可知此处要用动词的过去分词，作定语；此处是由which引导的非限制性定语从句，which指代the big fire，充当主语，根据last Sunday可知时态是一般过去时，break out“发生”符合题意；由主语是Damage，谓语动词是is可知此处要用动词的过去分词构成被动语态，意为“被评估”。故选B项。小提示：13、This pair of tennis shoes _ comfortably.AwearBwearsCis wornDare worn答案：B解析：考查固定用法。句意：这双网球鞋穿起来很舒服。不及物动词wear表示主语的某种属性时，通常要用主动形式表示被动意义，此处陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为This pair of tennis shoes ，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故选B。14、In the past many years, the giant panda _ out of the lowland areas where it once lived as a result of farming, deforestation and other development.Ahad been drivenBhas been drivenChad drivenDhas driven答案：B解析：考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的许多年里，由于农业、森林砍伐和其他发展，大熊猫被赶出了曾经生活过的低地。分析可知，空格处为谓语，动词drive和主语the giant panda之间是被动关系，根据句意和时间状语In the past many years，应用现在完成时的被动语态。故选B项。15、That suit _ over 60 dollars.Ahad costedBcostedCis costedDcost答案：D解析：考查动词时态。句意：那套衣服价值60多美元。cost为不及物动词，没有被动语态，也是不规则动词，过去式、过去分词和动词原形一致，都是cost。故选D。16、Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement _ so far by the two sides.Ahad reachedBhas been reachedCwas reachedDhas reached答案：B解析：考查时态和语态。句意：尽管进行了前几轮会谈，但到目前为止双方仍未达成协议。根据so far可以推断出用现在完成时态，主语是no agreement，谓语动词是reach，主谓之间是被动关系，需要用现在完成时的被动语态，故选B项。17、- How was your weekend, Bella?- Awful! It was the first time I _ alone at home, bored to death.Ahas leftBhad leftChas been leftDhad been left答案：D解析：考查谓语动词时态语态辨析。句意：-你周末过得怎么样，贝拉?太可怕了!这是我第一次被一个人留在家里，无聊得要死。A.has left 现在完成时主动语态；B. had left 过去完成时主动语态； C. has been left 现在完成时，被动语态；D . had been left 过去玩成时被动语态。分析句子，该空是谓语动词，固定句型It was the first time that sb. had done sth.那是某人第一次做某事，所以该空应该是过去完成时；短语leavesb. alone at home ，把某人一个人留在家里，句意应该是我被一个人留在家里，应该使用被动语态。故选D项。18、May we leave the classroom now?No, you . You to leave until the bell rings.Aneednt; arent allowedBmay not; are allowedCmustnt; arent allowedDcant; are allowed答案：C解析：句意：-我们现在可以离开教室吗？ 不，你禁止这样。直到铃声响起你才被允许离开。Neednt 指不必要，may not指不可以，mustnt指禁止，cant指不能，这里表示的是“绝对禁止”，用mustnt。notuntil表示“直到才”，“被允许去做”为“be allowed to do”，故本题选C。19、Mr. Green stood up in defence of the 16-year old boy，_ that he was not the one _.Asaid; blamedBsaying; to blameCto say; to be blamedDsaying; blaming答案：B解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：Mr Green站起来为那个16岁的男孩辩护，说他不是该受责备的那个人。第一空：Mr Green与say之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，所以使用现在分词作伴随状语；第二空：be to blame该受责备，用主动形式表示被动含义，此处去掉be作后置定语，故B正确。20、Excuse me, is it my turn to enter the doctors office now?Not yet. Please wait here until your name_.AcallsBwill be calledCis calledDis calling答案：C解析：考查被动语态。句意：打扰一下，现在轮到我进医生办公室了吗？还没有。请在这里等，直到你的名字被叫到。根据句型分析可知，此空应填从句的谓语结构形式，且your name 和call关系为被动关系，再结合语意，本句是用until引导的时间状语从句，从句中应用一般现在时表将来。故选C项。21、Tu Youyou _ the Nobel Prize for Medicine at the age of 84, the first Chinese person ever to win the award.Awas awardedBis awardedCis awardingDhas awarded答案：A解析：考查时态和语态。句意：屠呦呦84岁时获得诺贝尔医学奖，是第一位获此殊荣的中国人。结合句中at the age of 84，可知，句中讲的事实为过去的动作，所以时态用一般过去时；句中主语Tu Youyou与动词award为动宾关系，所以award要用被动。选项A与文意相符，故选A。22、She is always_by the teacher, so she is very confident.ApraiseBbeing praisedCto praiseDpraising答案：B解析：考查时态语态。句意：她总是被老师表扬，所以她很自信。表示现阶段或目前这段时间正在发生的动作，应用现在进行时，且主语与谓语构成被动关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态。故选B。23、Because my house _last night , I cant find the place to live in.Aburnt upBwinded upCturned upDput up答案：A解析：考查固定短语。句意：因为我家房子昨晚被烧毁了，所以我找不到住的地方。A. burnt up（被）烧毁；B. winded up结束，使紧张；C. turned up出现；D. put up建造。根据后半句句意“所以我找不到住的地方”可知，房子被烧了，是我找不到住的地方的原因。此处burn up 意为“烧毁”，不及物动词，用主动形式表被动意义。故填A。24、More than a new invention like 3D printers _to make replacement hearts and bone parts in the past few years.Ais being usedBare being usedChas been usedDhave been used答案：C解析：考查主谓一致，时态和被动。句意：在过去的几年里，不止一项像3D打印机这样的新发明被用来制作心脏和骨骼的替代品。A. is being used正在被使用（现在进行时被动，谓语单数）；B. are being used正在被使用（现在进行时被动，谓语复数）；C. has been used已经被使用（现在完成时被动，谓语单数）；D. have been used已经被使用（现在完成时被动，谓语复数）。分析句子可知，句子主语为“More than a new invention(不只一项新发明)”，“more than one +名词”作主语时，谓语动词常用单数，遵循语法一致原则。且动词“use”与主语之间为被动关系，并结合时间状语“in the past few years”可知，应是现在完成时的被动，谓语使用单数形式，即has been done。故选C项。25、Hey! Here is a message on my cellphone, telling me that I have won the first prize of a weekend for two in Paris.Delete it! It s a trick. Many a person _by such tricks.Ahas been cheatedBhave been cheatedCwere cheatedDwas cheated答案：A解析：考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：嘿！我手机上有一条消息，告诉我，我获得了巴黎双人周末一等奖。删除它！这是一个骗局。许多人都被这种骗局所欺骗。此处强调过去的动作对现在产生的影响应用现在完成时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故应用现在完成时的被动语态have/has been done；且主语为many a person，“many a +可数名词单数”作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式，故助动词应用has。故选A。26、Their dinner _ by the time the chef _ them.Awas finished. has joinedBhas been finished.joinsChad been finished.joinedDwill have been finished.had joined答案：C解析：考查时态。句意：当厨师加入他们时，他们的晚餐已经吃完了。A.was finished. has joined被完成.已经加入；B. has been finished.joins已经被完成.加入；C. had been finished.joined已经被完成.加入；D .will have been finished.had joined将已经被完成.已经完成。by the time引导时间状语从句，主句用某种完成时态，排除A。结合句意可知描述的厨师加入应该发生在过去，从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时，主语Their dinner和finish之间是被动关系，用过去完成时的被动语态。故选C。27、-Your suit _! Why?-I got stuck in the rain.Ahas ruinedBhad ruinedChas been ruinedDhad been ruined答案：C解析：考查时态和语态。句意：你的套装毁了!怎么啦?我遭雨淋了。根据语境可知，这里强调现在的结果和影响，主谓之间是被动关系，所以应该用现在完成时的被动语态。故选C。28、The National Stadium which looks very magnificent _ 258,000 square meters in area.Ais measuringBis measuredCmeasuredDmeasures答案：D解析：考查语态。句意：国家体育场占地25.8万平方米，看起来非常壮观。根据上文“The National Stadium which looks very magnificent”可知用一般现在时，measure为描述状态的不及物动词，需用主动表被动。故选D。29、A teacher, together with four students, _ sent to help with this research the next week .AwasBhasCwereDare答案：A解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一名教师和四名学生被派去协助这项研究。结合语境此处描述过去发生的事情，谓语与主语构成被动关系，为一般过去时的被动语态；且主语后接介词短语together with不影响主语的人称和数，谓语动词应根据主语A teacher的人称和数来确定，即用单数形式。故选A30、一Did you enjoy the party?一Yes.We_well by our hosts.Ahad treatedBwere treatedChave treatedDwould be treated答案：B解析：考查动词时态及语态。句意：你喜欢聚会吗？是的。我们受到主人的款待。根据“Did”可知，整个对话发生在过去，应用一般过去时，treat与主语We为被动关系，应使用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B项。31、The girl _ injured in the accident came back safe and sound.Awho we supposedBwhom we supposed she wasCwho we supposed wasDwhom we suppose答案：C解析：考查定语从句。句意：我们认为在事故中受伤的那个女孩安全归来了。分析句子结构可知，本句为定语从句，we supposed为插入语，句中先行词为The girl，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导，且与injure之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。故选C。32、Gina went to the doctors yesterday and she about the importance of good living habits once more.AtoldBis toldCwas toldDhas told答案：C解析：考查时态语态。句意：吉娜昨天去看医生，医生又一次告诉她良好生活习惯的重要性。此处主语she与谓语动词tell构成被动关系，且根据上文went可知应用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为she，谓语动词用单数。故选C。33、The old man asked his grandson to help him buy the shoes on the online site and they_ soon, which made him very happy.Awere deliveredBwould deliverChave deliveredDare being delivered答案：A解析：考查谓语。句意：这位老人让他的孙子帮他在网上买双鞋，并且鞋子很快被送到了，这让他很高兴。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里是一般过去时的被动语态，因主语是“they”，所以be动词用were。故选A。34、Some students are _ for their impolite and rude attitude towards others.AblamedBblamingCto be blamedDto blame答案：D解析：考查动词短语。句意：一些学生因为他们对别人的不礼貌和粗鲁的态度而受到责备。be to blame for应对负责；应因而受责，用主动形式表示被动意义。根据“their impolite and rude attitude towards others.”可知，学生的不礼貌和粗鲁的态度应该受到责备。故选D。35、Currently, an online bus-pooling service _ by the public transport authority in Beijing.Ais builtBis being builtChas been builtDwas built答案：C解析：考查动词时态语态。句意：目前，北京公共交通部门已经开通了在线拼车服务。根据时间状语“Currently”可知，此处应该用现在完成时；主语“an online bus-pooling service”和动词“build”之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态，故选C。36、Recently many famous universities and colleges have come to our school to enroll new students on their own, and many excellent students _ contracts with them.Ahave offeredBwere offeredChave been offeredDhad been offered答案：C解析：考查动词时态和语态。句意：最近，许多著名的大学和学院来我们学校自主招生，许多优秀的学生已经与他们签订了合同。根据句中时间状语recently可知，用现在完成时。主语excellent students与offer之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选C。37、Even though the top of the mountain is difficult _, many people have managed to do it.Ato be reachedBto get toCto arriveDgot答案：B解析：考查不定式。句意：尽管山顶很难到达，但许多人还是成功地到达了。分析句子可知，空格处作状语修饰difficult，形容词后用不定式作状语，句子的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语，应用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义，故排除A、C、D项，故选B。小提示：38、Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, one of the great American novels, _ first published in the United States in 1885.AwasBwereChas beenDhad been答案：A解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：马克吐温的哈克贝利芬恩历险记，美国伟大的小说之一，首次出版是在1885年的美国。根据时间状语in 1885可知，用一般过去时，主语Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用单数，故选A。39、The proposal that smart devices should carry security labels was introduced a voluntary basis at first, which _the research findings that these devices were able to put consumers privacy and security at risk.Aon, based onBby, based onCon, was based onDby, was based on答案：C解析：考查介词及动词短语辨析。句意：智能设备应该带有安全标签的提议最初是在自愿的基础上提出的。这个提议是基于研究发现提出的，这个研究表明这些设备能够将消费者的隐私和安全置于危险之中。第一个空中，on a.basis为固定搭配，意为“在的基础上”,其中basis前还可加形容词，修饰basis，意为“在的基础上”，on a voluntary basis意为“在自愿的基础上”，在主句中作状语；第二个空中，which引导的定语从句中，缺少谓语，which指代proposal，表示单数，与base之间是被动的关系，所以应使用被动语态，且base为不及物动词，接宾语时，后面要加on，be based on是固定搭配，意为“基于”。根据句中“was” “were”可知，该句时态为一般过去时。因此第二个空应填was based on。故选C项。40、Yesterday we expressed our congratulations to Tom, who _ chairman of our Students Association.Ahas electedBhad electedChas been electedDhad been elected答案：D解析：考查动词时态语态。句意：昨天我们向Tom表达了我们的祝贺，他被选为我们学生会的主席。根据句意和句子结构可知，设空处为非限制性定语从句的谓语，主句“我们向Tom表达祝贺”为一般过去时态，从句“Tom被选为我们学生会的主席”的动作发生在主句之前，设空处应用过去完成时态；从句动词elect与逻辑主语Tom之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态，应填“had been elected”。故选D项。41、Dont go in right now because the house_.Ahas paintedBis paintedCis paintingDis being painted答案：D解析：考查时态。句意：现在不要进去，因为房子正在粉刷。根据“Dont go in right now ”可知，房子正在粉刷，所以用现在进行时。主语the house与paint之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选D。42、Some festivals_ to honor the dead or to satisfy the ancestors.Abe heldBis heldCare holdDare held答案：D解析：考查谓语动词时态语态，主谓一致。句意：有些节日是为了纪念死者或满足祖先而举行的。A. be held hold被动语态，没有时态； B. is held hold被动语态，一般现在时单数；C. are hold hold被动语态，复数，过去分词拼写错误； D. are held被动语态一般现在时复数形式。分句子，该空动词hold(举行)作谓语，主语festivals意为“节日”，应该是被举行，使用被动语态助动词be+动词过去分词；分析句意，应表示一般事实，应使用一般现在时；主语为名词复数，谓语部分助动词be应使用复数形式；hold过去分词为held。故选D项。43、In many commercials, smart homes are the future that we_: every bit of entertainment and home control at our fingertips regardless of _ we are.Ahave promised；whoBare promised；whereChave promised；whenDare promised；how答案：B解析：考查动词时态和宾语从句。句意：在许多商业广告中，智能家居就是向我们承诺的未来：无论我们身在何处，各种娱乐和家庭控制都在我们指尖的触碰之内。第一空，陈述的是客观情况，主语we与谓语动词promise构成被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态；第二空为宾语从句，从句中缺少表语，表示地点，故应用where引导。故选B。44、This X-ray machine doesnt work, so it needs _ for further use.Ato repairBrepairingCrepairedDbeing repaired答案：B解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这台X光机坏了，因此需要维修才能进一步修理。it指代上文提到的X-ray machine，与repair是被动关系，need doing sth.“需要做”，need后用动名词作宾语表示被动含义，符合题意，故选B。45、“What do you think of the book?” “Oh, excellent, its worth _