外研版高中英语选修七Module1.doc

选修七 Module 1导学案
1. defend v.保护,保卫,防守,辩护
归纳拓展
(1defend sb./sth.from(against. .. 保护某人 (物 免遭 ……
defend oneself自卫
(2defence n .保护;防御;防御物
in defence of为了保卫;辩护
e to sb.'s defence 帮助 (保护 某人
(3defender n .后卫,防守队员;保护人
例句:All our officers are trained to defend themselves against knife attacks.
我们所有的警察都接受过自卫训练,能够对付持刀袭击。
We need some lawyers to defend us.
我们需要几名律师为我们辩护。
Several people witnessed the attack, but no one came to her defence.
有好几个人目睹了这次袭击事件,但是没人站出来帮助她。
【链接训练】
It's our duty to ________ our country when it is attacked by the enemy.
A . guard B . protect C . prevent D . defend
【解析】 考查近义词辨析。句意为:当国家受到敌人袭击时,保卫我们的国家是我们的义务。 guard“ 把守,守卫” ,强调看守或 戒备; protect “保护” ,强调提供某种障碍物以免受损害; prevent “阻止” ,强调阻止某事发生; defend “保卫;防御” ,强调用武力 或其他手段抵御来自外界的危险或攻击,只有 D 项符合句意。
【答案】 D
2. attend vt.&vi.上 (学 ;参加,出席;照顾,护理
归纳拓展
(1attend school/class/lecture/church上学 /上课 /听报告 /去教堂
attend a wedding/funeral参加婚礼 /葬礼
attend a meeting参加会议
注意:attend school/church中, school , church 前通常不用冠词。
(2attend on/upon sb.伺候某人,照顾某人
attend to处理;注意倾听,专心于;照料
(3attendant n .服务员;侍者
attendance n .出席;到场;参加
例句:Please attend a meeting this afternoon.
今天下午请参加一个会议。
Three nurses attended on/upon the wounded soldier.
三名护士照顾这位受伤的士兵。
I may be late-I have got one or two things to attend to.我也许会迟到 —— 我有一两件事要处理。
【链接训练】
① My father's promised me to________the parents meeting to be held next week.
A . join B . participate C . Attend D . join in
【解析】 考查 join , participate , attend 和 join in的区别。 join 是加入某个团体或组织,如 join the army参军; participate 参加,不 及物动词,后面一般跟介词 in ; attend 一般用于参加会议、婚礼、上课,听演讲等; join in 一般是指加入某人正在进行的活动。句 意为:我父亲答应我去参加下周的家长会。故正确答案为 C 。
【答案】 C
② I often ________ a meeting and sometimes I ________ its discussion.
A . attend ; take part in B . join ; take part in
C . attend ; attend D . join in; attend
【解析】 句意为:我经常参加会议并且有时我在讨论中担任主要角色。 attend a meeting“参加会议”是固定用法。 take part in“参 加” ,并且在活动中起主要作用。
【答案】 A
3. deserve vt.值得;应受;应该得到 (常与 to 连用,不用于进行时
归纳拓展
(1deserve to do值得做 …… ;应该做
deserve to be done=deserve doing值得 (被 做„„;应该„„ (表示被动意义
deserve well/ill of应该受到奖赏 /惩罚
deserve consideration/attention值得考虑 /注意
deserve blame/punishment该受责备 /惩罚
get what you deserve罪有应得
(2除 deserve 后跟动名词表示被动外, need , want , require , be worth后跟动名词也表示被动。
例句:These people deserve our help.
这些人值得我们帮助。
They didn’t deserve to win.他们不该赢。
Your suggestion deserves considering.
=Your suggestion deserves to be considered.
你的建议值得考虑。
【链接训练】
Considering his contribution to our pany, Mr White ________ better treatment than this.
A . observes B . preserves
C . pretends D . deserves
【解析】 句意为:考虑到怀特先生对我们公司的贡献,他应得到比这更好的待遇。 A 项意为 “ 观察” ; B 项意为“保护,保存” ; C 项意为“假装” ; D 项意为“值得,应得” 。根据句意应选 D 。
【答案】 D
4. instant n.瞬间,片刻;某一时刻 adj. 立即的;立刻的
归纳拓展
(1at that instant在那一瞬间
for an instant一瞬间
in an instant立即
the instant (that. .. 一„„就„„
(2instant noodles速食面
instant coffee速溶咖啡
(3instantly adv . 立即,即刻 conj . 一„„就„„
例句:Just for an instant I thought he was going to refuse.
刹那间我以为他会拒绝。
The new film was an instant success.
这部新影片一上映就大获成功。
Many young people like instant coffee.
很多年轻人喜欢速溶咖啡。
诱导展望
表 “ 一„„就„„”的还可用:
the minute/moment/second, as soon as, instantly , immediately , directly 等
例句:Please send me an email the instant you reach Sichuan.你一到四川就给我发电子邮件。
【链接训练】
The bomb exploded________the police officer started his car.
A . soon B . instant C . the instantD . shortly
【解析】 句意为:这位警官刚一启动他的汽车, 炸弹就爆炸了。 根据题意可知, 所填的空应是时间状语从句的引导词。 soon (adv . , “不久,很快” ; instant (n . , “即刻,瞬间” ; (adj . “立刻的” ; shortly(adv . , “不久,即刻” ; the instant可作连词,引导时间状语从 句,意为“一„„就„„” ,故选 C 。
【答案】 C
5. obtain vt.获得,得到 vi. 流行,存在 (不用于进行时
obtainable adj.可获得的
同类辨析
obtain , achieve , acquire 与 gain
(1obtain指经过努力或要求而得到,强调达到目的这一点儿。
(2achieve指达到既定目标或实现某种意愿,常与抽象名词 victory , aim 等连用。
(3acquire指经过一点儿点的积累而获得,如获得知识、技能等。
(4gain指获得、赢得想要或所需的事物。
例句:He finally obtained what he had always wanted.
他终于得到了他一直想要的东西。
She works hard to achieve success.
她努力工作,目的是想获得成功。
He tried his best to acquire a good knowledge of English in his thirties.
他 30岁时尽最大努力学好英语。
You can gain by watching how she works.
看她怎样工作你就会有所收获。
【链接训练】
After questioning the man for six hours, the police ________ the information they wanted.
A . seized B . recovered
C . appealed D . obtained
【解析】 句意为:警察审问了这个男人 6个小时后才得到了他们想要的信息。 seize“ 抓住” ; recover “恢复” ; appeal “呼吁, 控诉” ; obtain “得到” ,使用范围较广,根据句意,选 D 。
【答案】 D
6. appoint v.任命,委派;约定 (时间、地点等
归纳拓展
(1appoint sb. to do...=appoint sb. as/to be 指定某人做某事,任命某人 ……
appoint for...为 …… 约定时间
(2appointment n .任命;约会;职务
make/fix an appointment with sb.与某人约会 /预约
keep/break one’s appointment守约 /违约
例句:The pany appointed a secretary to help us.
公司委派了一个秘书来帮助我们。
She has been appointed as sales director.
她被任命为销售部经理。
I made an appointment to see the doctor.
我约定好时间去看医生。
【链接训练】
Ms Smith is a talented and experienced engineer, so she was________head of the department.
A . approved B . pushed
C . appointed D . agreed
【解析】 句意为:史密斯女士是一位才华横溢且有经验的工程师, 因此她被任命为部门负责人。 appoint“ 任命” , 符合题意。 approve “赞成” ; push “推” ; agree “同意” 。
【答案】 C
短语
1. draw one's attention to引起某人注意 (某物
归纳拓展
attract/catch sb.'s attention引起某人的注意
bring sth.to sb.'s attention使 /吸引某人注意某事
call sb.'s attention to sth.叫某人注意某事
pay attention to注意
devote one's attention to专心于
focus one's attention on把注意力集中在„„
例句:The article was intended to draw attention to the situation in Iraq.
这篇文章旨在呼吁人们关注伊拉克局势。
She tried to attract the waiter’s attention.
她设法吸引服务员的注意。
The matter was first brought to my attention earlier this year.
今年早些时候,我第一次注意到这个问题。
【链接训练】
Only by ________ your attention ________ what you are learning can you learn it well.
A . focus ; on B . pay ; on
C . focusing ; to D . paying ; to
【解析】 “ pay attention to sth.集中注意力于某事”为一固定词组,又因为用在介词 by 后,所以用动名词形式。 【答案】 D 2. name after以 …… 命名
归纳拓展
(1by name用„„的名字;凭名字
by the name of名叫„„的;以„„之名
call sb. names辱骂 (某人
in the name of凭„„的权威;以„„的名义
under the name of用„„的名字 (不用自己的真名
(2name sb.(for/as/to be任命
name sb./sth.+n . 给„„取名为„„
例句:Bill is named after his father.
比尔以其父亲的名字命名。
I know a man by the name of Smith.
我认识一个名叫史密斯的人。
I claim this land in the name of the King.
我代表国王宣布拥有这块土地。
【链接训练】
The newlydiscovered star was named ________ a Chinese astronomer ________ honour of his contributions to astronomy.
A . for ; in B . after ; for
C . as ; in D . after ; in
【解析】 空一考查固定短语 name after“ 以„„命名” ;空二考查 in honour of“为纪念„„” 。句意为:这颗新发现的恒星以一名中 国宇航员的名字命名,来纪念他对航天事业的贡献。 【答案】 D
句型
But there is no doubt that he deserves the title “out standing player of his generation” .
但是毫无疑问,他无愧于“一代杰出球员”这一称号。
归纳拓展
(1without/beyond doubt毫无疑问地,必定
in doubt怀疑,未确定
no doubt无疑地,很可能
There is no (little doubt that...毫无疑问„„
There is some doubt whether...不确定是否„„
⎭
⎪⎬⎪
⎫I have no doubt that...I don’ t doubt that...我不怀疑„„ I doubt whether/if...我怀疑是否„„
(2在 doubt , need , possibility , point 等前面常用 there
is ;而 wonder , use , good 等前面常用 it is。
毫无疑问,我们的产品在全国是最好的。
I doubt whether (if he will keep his word.
我怀疑他是否会遵守诺言。
I don’t doubt that our team will win.
我们队会获胜是没有疑问的。
【链接训练】
① I don't doubt________he will e tomorrow, but I do doubt________he will e on time.
A . that ; that B . whether ; whether
C . that ; whether D . whether ; that 【解析】 doubt 用作名词,用于否定句中时,后面的宾语从句用 that 引导;用于肯定句中时后面的从句用 whether 或 if 引导。句 意为:我确定他明天会来,但是我确实不能肯定的是他是否会按时来。 【答案】 C
② You can plain, but I doubt________it'll make any difference.
A . that B . if
C . weather
D . what 【解析】 I doubt if...“我怀疑是否„„” ,为固定用法。 【答案】 B 语法
1.词类转化
不用借助构词词缀,把一个单词从一种词类转化为另一种词类的方法就是词性转化。由于词类转化的结果,英语中形成了大量外形 相同但词类不同的词,即同形异类词。这种转化主要有如下几种类型:
(1动词转化为名词
doubt v .→ n .without any doubt毫无疑问
dress v .→ n .a beautiful dress一条漂亮的裙子
guide v .→ n .a local guide当地的向导
(2名词转化为动词
boat n .→ v .go boating去划船
dust n .→ v .dust the desk掸掉桌子上的灰尘
email n .→ v .to email寄电子邮件
(3形容词转化为动词
dry adj . → v .dry your hands擦干手
free adj . → v .free the slaves解放奴隶
(4形容词转化为名词
chemical adj . → n .dangerous chemicals危险的化学药品
daily adj . → n . China Daily 中国日报
选修七 Module1 (5副词转化为动词 back adv.后面→v.倒车 forward adv.向前→v.增进 near adv.近地→v.接近 (6副词转化成名词(多用在词组中 ins and outs 来龙去脉 ups and downs 兴衰 【链接训练】 ①That 16 soldiers died in a sudden attack was a great ________ to all of us. A．shock C．shocking 【解析】 翻译句子 ②We went off at a run to consult the doctor. 我们跑着去找大夫。 ③This helped to bridge over the difficulties. 这对渡过困难发挥了作用。 ④This is the chief way of narrowing the differences between us. 这是缩小我们之间差距的主要办法。 2．后缀 派生是由词根加词缀构成新词。构成的新词称为派生词。词缀分为前缀 (加于词根前、后缀(加于词根后。除少数前缀外，前缀一 般只改变词的意义，不改变词性；后缀一般只改变词性，词义变化不大，但否定意义后缀除外。 后缀 er„„者 ese„„地方的人 ian 精通„„的人， „„地 方的人 ist 专业人员 名词 ment 性质，状态 ness 性质，状态 or 器具，„„者 tion 动作、过程、结果 government，movement，development business，illness，darkness tractor，visitor，professor pollution，suggestion，invention practical，educational，national 例词 foreigner，swimmer，traveller Chinese，Japanese musician，technician，Russian artist，pianist，physicist B．shocked D．having shocked A 此处考查词性的转化，shock 由动词转化成具体名词，意为“一件让人感到震惊的事” ，故 A 项正确。 【答案】 al ü ï an ï American，Italian，Australian ern ï ful ï southern，northern，eastern ï具有„„的 形 容 ble ý 性质，与 „„有关 词 ish ï helpful，useful，careful ï ive ï reasonable，horrible，terrible y ï less ï þ foolish，British，English 6
选修七 Module1 active，native，expensive rainy，sleepy，healthy careless，useless fy 使„„化 动词 ize/ise 使„„成为 realiz/se，apologiz/se，organiz/se simplify，electrify，terrify ly 表示方式、程度 副词 ward (s表示方向 teen 十几 数词 ty 整十位数 th 序数词 【链接训练】 freely，badly，perfectly，truly，angrily towards，forward，outward fourteen，eighteen forty，fifty twelfth，twentieth ①The plane carrying the players from NBA landed ________ at the airport in Shanghai yesterday. A．safe C．safety 【解析】 B．safely D．save safe (adj.“安全的”；safely (adv.“安全地” ；safety (n.“安全” ；save( v．“挽救，节省” 。由此及句意可知，此处应用 B 副词 safely 修饰动词 land。 【答案】 A．brave C．bravery 【解析】 B．braved ②Her ________ shown in the earthquake was soon spread all over the country. D．braving 此处考查名词作主语，故 C 项正确。 【答案】 B．fool；foolish；fool D．foolishly；foolish；fool C ③How ________ he is！He is always acting ________.He is really a ________. A．foolish；foolishly；fool C．foolish；fool；fool 词 fool。 【答案】 A 用所给名词的形容词形式完成句子 ④His broken arm was very painful (pain，so he didn't sleep well last night. ⑤Almost all Shakespeare's plays are in poetic (poet form. ⑥The old woman took the homeless (home boy home and treated him as if he were her own son. 【解析】 第一空使用形容词 foolish 构成系表结构；第二空则用副词 foolishly 作状语修饰 acting；而第三空前 a 决定了此处应用名 7