新目标初中英语词组总汇.doc

新目标初中英语词组总汇1.初中英语教材中共出现近500个词组，其中有一部分为常用词组，要求能熟练运用。2.在学习中，要注意词组的积累，特别要注意介词词组和短语动词的积累。3.对固定词组的意义，切不可望文生义。例如，动词look愿意为“看”，但look after意为“照料”，look up (a word in a dictionary)意为“(在词典中)查找(单词)”。4.要十分注意固定词组中冠词的使用。有时冠词可引起词义的变化，例如，go to school意为“上学”，而go to the school意为“到学校里去”；take place意为“发生”，而take the place of意为“取代”。有些词组中须用冠词，而另一些则不用。例如，in the evening, at night。 一、动词词组 (一)由be构成的词组 be back / in / out 回来 / 在家 / 外出be at home / work 在家 / 在上班be good at 善于，擅长于be good for 对有利be bad for 对有害be careful (of) 当心，注意，仔细be covered with 被复盖be different from 与不同be filled with 充满的be full of 充满的be ready for 为作好准备be surprised (at) （对）感到惊讶be interested in 对感兴趣be late for 干某事迟到be born 出生be on 在进行，在上演，（灯）亮着be able to do sth. 能够做be afraid of / to do sth. / that 害怕 / 不敢做 / 恐怕be angry with sb. 生某人的气be pleased (with) 对感到高兴（或满意）be famous for 以而著名be strict in / with 对某事 / 人严格要求 be from 来自，什么地方人be hungry / thirsty / tired 饿了 / 渴了 / 累了be worried about担忧be (well) worth doing (非常)值得做be in (great) need of (很)需要be in trouble 处于困境中be glad to do sth. 很高兴做be late for 迟到 be satisfied with 对感到满意 be free 空闲的，有空be (ill) in bed 卧病在床 be busy doing / with 忙于做 / 忙于 be terrified of 非常害怕的 be willing to （乐意做某事）(二)由e、do、get、give、go、have、help、keep、make、look、put、set、send、take、turn、play等动词构成的词组 e across （偶然）遇见（或发现）e along 来；随同 e back 回来e down 下来e in 进入，进来e on 快，走吧，跟我来，加油e out出来e out of 从出来e over 顺便来访e up with 想出（主意），找出（答案）e from 来自e true （希望等）实现；达到do ones lessons / homework 做功课/家庭作业do more speaking / reading 多做口头练习/朗读do ones best 尽力do some shopping / cooking / reading / cleaning 买东西 / 做饭菜 / 读点书 / 大扫除do morning exercises 做早操do eye exercises 做眼保健操do well in 在某方面干得好get up 起床get everything ready 把一切都准备好get ready for (=be ready for) 为作好准备get married（with） （与）结婚get on (well) with 与相处(融洽)get back 返回get rid of 除掉，去除get in 进入，收集get on / off 上 / 下车get over 克服get out 出去；离开get to 到达get together 相聚 get there 到达那里give away 赠送；分发give sb. a call / ring 给打xxgive a talk 作报告give a lecture / a piano concert 作讲座 / 举行钢琴音乐会give back 归还，送回givesome advice on 给一些关于的忠告give lessons to 给上课give in 屈服give out 分发；发放give up 放弃give sb. a chance 给一次机会give a message to 给一个口信go ahead 先走，向前走，去吧，干吧go by （指时间）过去；消逝 go to the cinema / movies 去看电影go to bed 睡觉（make the bed 整理床铺）go to sleep 入睡go to school / college 上学 / 上大学 注：go to the school 去学校里面go to hospital 去医院看病 注： go to the hospital 去医院里面（探望病人等）go over 过一遍，复习 注：go over to 朝走去 go fishing / skating / swimming / shopping 去钩鱼 / 滑冰 / 游泳 / 购物go home / there 回家去 / 去那儿go round 顺便去，绕道走go up 上去；上升go out for a walk 外出散步go on doing 继续做某事go on （with sth.）继续go on to do sth. 继续做另一件事go on with ones work 继续某人的工作go straight along 沿着一直往前走go upstairs / downstairs 上 / 下楼(the lights) go out （灯)熄了have a lesson (lessons)/a meeting 上课/开会have a football match / basketball match 举行一场足球 / 蓝球赛have a dictation 听见have a try 试一试have a good / wonderful time 玩得很高兴have a report / talk on 听一个关于的报告have a glass of water / a cup of tea 喝一杯水 / 一杯茶have breakfast / lunch / supper 吃早饭 / 午饭/晚饭have a meal / three meals 吃一顿饭 / 三餐饭have a dinner 吃正餐have bread and milk for breakfast 早饭吃面包和牛奶have a headache 头痛have a fever 发烧have a cough / a cold 咳嗽 / 感冒have a look (at) 看一看have a rest / a break 休息一会儿(工间或课间休息)have a talk 谈话have a swim / walk 游泳 / 散步have sports 进行体育锻炼have a sports meet (meeting) 开运动会have something done 让人(请人)做have a test / an exam 测验/考试have an idea 有了个主意 had better do sth. / not do sth. 最好做某事 / 最好不要做某事have a word with 与谈几句话 have words with 与吵架 help sb. with sth. 在方面帮助 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助做 help oneself to some chicken / fish / meat 请随便吃点鸡/鱼/肉help each other 互相帮助keep up with 跟上，不落后于keep silent / quiet 保持沉默/安静 keepdown控制；抑制keepdoing 使一直做keepfrom doing 阻止做keep out 不让进入keep ones diary 记日记look out of / outside 往外看 / 看外面look up a word (in the dictionary) 查字典look up 往上看，仰望look after 照管，照看，照顾look for 寻找look like 看上去像look fine / well / tired / worried 看起来气色好 / 健康 / 疲劳 / 忧虑look out 当心，小心look onas 把当作看待look around 朝四周看look at 看着look through浏览look forward to 盼望；期待make a noise / noises / a lot of noise / much noise吵闹 / 十分嘈杂make a living 谋生make sb. do sth. 迫使某人做make a face / faces 做鬼脸make friends (with) 与交朋友make a mistake / mistakes 犯错误make room / space for 给腾出地方make a sentence / sentences with 用造句make a fire 生火make sure 确保make up 编造；组成make a decision 作出决定make up ones mind 下定决心make progress取得进步 be made of / from 由制成（of看得出原材料，from看不出原材料）be made in 在地方制造play basketball / football / volleyball 打篮球 / 踢足球 / 打排球 play games 做游戏play the piano / the violin 弹钢琴 / 拉小提琴play with snow 玩雪play a joke on 对开玩笑put off 推迟put on 穿上（衣服），带上（帽子），上演（戏剧）put out 熄灭；扑灭put up 建造，搭起，挂起，举起，张贴put into 使进入，输入put ones heart into 全神贯注于putdown 把放下set up 建立，创立set off 出发，动身；激起，引起set out 出发set an example for 为树立榜样send for 派人去请send out 放出，发出send sth. to sb. 邮寄（或发送）某物给某人send up发射;把.往上送take ones advice 听从某人劝告take off 起飞take out 拿出，取出take down 拆除；往下拽；写下take place 发生take ones place 坐的座位，代替某人职务take the place of 代替take a walk / rest 散步/休息take it easy 别紧张take ones time 从容不迫；慢慢来take sth. with sb. 随身带着某物take sb. to a park / London for ones holidays 带某人去公园 / 伦敦度假take care当心；小心take care of 关心，照顾，保管take a look / a last look at 看一看 / 看最后一眼take an exam 参加考试take away 拿走take back 收回，带回take hold of 抓住take off 脱下（衣、帽、鞋等）；拿掉take (an active) part in （积极）参加take photos 拍照 take some medicine 服药take a bus / train / boat 乘公共汽车 / 火车 / 船take pride in 对感到自豪take notes 做笔记turn on 开，旋开（电灯，收音机等）turn off 关上（电灯，收音机等）turn in 交出，上交turninto 把变成turn to 翻到，转向turn down （把的音量）调低turnover 把翻过来 (三)由其他动词构成的词组agree with sb. 赞成，同意某人的意见aim at 瞄准；针对；致力于；旨在arrive at / in a place 到达某处（接at表示到达小地方，接in表示到达大地方）apologize to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人道歉ask for 向要，请求ask for leave 请假belong to 属于break down 停止运转；出故障break in 闯入，强行进入；插嘴，打断 break off 突然中止；中断 break out （战争、火灾等）突然发生，爆发 break up 分解；分裂 bring in 引进，吸收 bring on 引起，导致，使前进 bring up 教育，培养 care for 喜欢；照顾（病人）catch a cold 着凉，伤风catch hold of 抓住catch up with 赶上changeinto 把变成cheer up 使振奋；使高兴起来continue doing sth. 继续做某事continue (with sth.) 继续continue to do sth. 继续做另一件事cut down 砍倒 cut off 切断 cut up切碎，齐根割掉deal with 处理，对付 depend on (upon) 依靠，相信，信赖die of / from 因而死（of接内因，from接外因）die out 灭绝；消失divideinto 把分成 dream of 梦想；幻想；向往eat up 吃完，吃光end up(with)（以）结束enjoy / like doing sth. 喜欢做某事enter for 报名参加fall asleep 入睡fall behind 落在后面；输给别人fall down 跌倒fall in love with 爱上某人（或某物）fall into 落入；陷入fall off 从 跌落下来 fillwith 用把装满find out 发现，查出（真相等）finish off 吃完，喝完grow up 成长；长大hand in 交上；提交hand out 分发；发放hear from 收到来信hear of 听说hold a meting 举行会议hold on to 继续；坚持；保持hold up 举起hurry into 匆忙进入hurry up 赶快，快点instead of 代替learn sth. from sb. 向某人学习learnby oneself 自学letdown 使失望或沮丧listen to 听knock at / on 敲（门、窗等）knockinto 与相撞laugh at 嘲笑leavefor 离开去pass by 经过pay attention to 注意 pay back 偿还（借款等） pay for 付的款 pay off 偿清（欠款等） pick up 捡起；拾起point at / to 指向read after 跟读regardas 把当作看待remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人去做某事run away 逃跑；流失run after 追赶，跟在后面跑run into 跑进run off 跑掉；迅速离开run out of sth. 用光某物rush out 冲出去say hello to 向问好say goodbye to 向道别shake hands 握手show up 出席；露面sit down 坐下slow down 减缓；减速spend(in) doing sth.=spendon (doing) sth. 花费来做某事；在某事上花费stay up 熬夜stay away from 与保持距离sth. runs out 某物用光了shake hands 握手shout at 对大喊(嚷)smile at 对微笑speak highly of sb. 称赞stay in bed 卧病在床stop doing sth. 停止做某事stop to do sth. 停止一件事去做另一件事stop （from）doing 阻止做talk about 谈论tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人某事thank sb. for 为感谢某人thanks to 幸亏，由于think of 认为；想起think over 仔细考虑throw away 扔掉translate sth. into sth. 把翻译成try on 试穿，试试看 try out 试验 try ones best 尽力used to be / do 过去是 / 过去常常be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 be used to do sth. 被用来做某事use sth. up 用光；用尽watch TV 看电视wait for 等候wait in line 排队等候wakeup 唤醒；醒来wearout 把穿旧；磨坏work hard at 努力做work out 算出；制定出worry about 担心 二、介词词组at once 立刻；马上at last 最后at first 起先，首先at home 在家；无拘无束at least 至少at most 至多at night / noon 在夜里 / 中午at present 现在；目前at once 马上；立刻at school 在上学；在上课at work 在工作；上班at table 在进餐at the age of 在岁时 at the end of 在之末 at the beginning of 在之初at the foot of 在脚下at the moment 此刻，现在at the same time 同时at times 偶尔；有时after a while 过了一会儿after all 毕竟；究竟by accident 偶然 by and by 不久by air mail 寄航空邮件by bus / train / plane / air / ship / bike 乘汽车 / 火车 / 飞机 / 船 / 自行车（注：by bike = on a / ones bike, by car = in a / ones car）by mistake 错误地 by oneself 独自 by ordinary mail 寄平信 by the way 顺便说 by the window 在窗边by the time 到时候by the end of 到底为止little by little 逐渐地for ever 永远for example 例如from morning till night 从早到晚from now on 从现在起 from then on 从那时起in a hurry 匆忙in a minute 一会儿in addition 另外in all 总共in charge of 主管,负责in danger在危险中in dept 负债in English 用英语in fact 事实上；实际上in front of 在前面in hospital 住院in good health 身体健康in line 成一排；成一直线in no time 立刻in ones fifties 在某人五十多岁时in ones opinion 根据某人看法in order to 为了in return 作为回报in short 总之in surprise 惊奇地in the end 最后；终于in the future 在将来in the middle of 在中间in the years to e 在即将来临的几年里in the way 挡道的；妨碍人的in this way 这样in time 及时in trouble 处于困境中in turn 依次instead of 代替，而不是of course 当然on business 有事, 出差on board在船上on display 陈列；展览on foot 步行;走路on holiday 在休假on ones side 在某人一边on show 在展出on the phone 在听xxon the right 在右边on the / ones way (to) 在去的路上on the one handon the other hand 一方面另一方面 on / at the weekend 在周末on time 准时on the left / right 在左边 / 右边on the other side of 在另一边on the radio 通过收音机（无线电广播）to ones joy 使高兴的是to ones surprise 使惊讶的是with a smile 面带笑容with ones help / the help of 在某人的帮助下，由于某人的帮助with ones own eyes 亲眼看见with pleasure 愉快地 三、量词词组和其他词组 (一)量词词组a bit (of) 一点儿a few (of) 一些（可数），几个a little 一些（不可数）a lot of / lots of 许多a piece of 一张（片，块）a cup of 一茶怀a glass of 一玻璃杯a pile of / piles and piles of 一堆 / 一堆堆的a box of 一盒a copy of 一份，一本a bowl of 一碗a basket of 一篮a plate of 一盘a bottle of 一瓶a basin of 一脸盆a set of 一套a kind of 一种a type of 一种类型的a great deal of 非常多，大量的（不可数名词）a large / great number of 非常多，大量的a great many 大量，许多（数名词）a different type of 一种不同型号的a group of 一队，一组，一群 (二)其他词组all kinds of 各种各样的all over the world / the country 全世界 / 全国all over 遍及每一部分，浑身all ones life 一生all the time 一直day and night 日日夜夜day after day 日复一日even if 即使，尽管 even though 即使，尽管far away from 远离just now / then 刚才 / 那时later on 过后，后来one after another 顺次no longer 不再right away 立刻；马上so as to 以便，为的是 so far 到目前为止 so / as long as 只要 sooner or later 迟早，早晚such as 例如the day after tomorrow 后天the day before yesterday 前天the whole country / the whole world 全国 / 全世界