初一英语知识点总结.ppt

2013版中考一轮复习精品课件版中考一轮复习精品课件牛津译林版牛津译林版七年级上册（七年级上册（3课时）课时）.第第1 1课时课时Units 1-2,Book 7AUnits 1-2,Book 7A译林牛津版译林牛津版.基础过关译林牛津版译林牛津版类别类别课标考点要求课标考点要求词汇词汇拓展拓展1.short 1.short adjadj._(._(反义词反义词)2.swim 2.swim v v_ _ n n游泳游泳 _ _ n n游泳者游泳者3 3play play v v_ _ n n.4 4fly fly vtvt.&.&vivi._(._(第三人称单数第三人称单数)longlongswimmingswimming swimmerswimmerplayerplayerfliesflies.译林牛津版译林牛津版词汇词汇拓展拓展5.good 5.good adjadj._._ advadv._._ (比较级比较级)_()_(最高级最高级)6.library 6.library n n _(_(复数复数)7.both 7.both pronpron.&.&advadv._(._(两者之一两者之一)_(_(两两者都不者都不)8.use n8.use n_adj.(_adj.(有用的有用的)_adj.(adj.(无用的无用的)wellwell better better best best librarieslibraries either either neitherneitherusefuluseful uselessuseless.译林牛津版译林牛津版重点重点短语短语1.1.出生，出世出生，出世 _2 2世界杯世界杯 _3 3醒过来；叫醒醒过来；叫醒 _4 4彼此彼此 _5 5想要想要 _6 6照看照看_7 7来自于来自于 _8 8听音乐听音乐 _9 9用英语用英语 _be born be born World Cup World Cup wake up wake up each other each other would like would like look after/take care of look after/take care of come from/be from come from/be from listen to music listen to music in English in English.译林牛津版译林牛津版重点重点短语短语1010做早操做早操_1111进行体育运进行体育运_ 1212在午餐时间在午餐时间_1313看电视看电视_1414请求帮忙请求帮忙_ 1515和某人聊天和某人聊天_1616玩得高兴玩得高兴_1717遇见某人遇见某人_1818期待期待_do morning exercisesdo morning exercises do sports=have sportsdo sports=have sportsat lunchtimeat lunchtime watch TVwatch TV ask for helpask for help chat with sbchat with sb have a great timehave a great time meet up with sbmeet up with sb look forward to look forward to.译林牛津版译林牛津版重点重点短语短语1919对对有益有益 _2020为为做准备做准备 _2121一周两次一周两次 _2222除了星期一除了星期一_2323练习做某事练习做某事_24.24.在互联网上寻找资料在互联网上寻找资料 _ _ 2525在电话中交谈在电话中交谈_2626问题的答案问题的答案 _be good for be good for get ready for get ready for twice a weektwice a weekexcept Mondayexcept Mondaypractise doing sth practise doing sth look for things on the Internet look for things on the Internet talk on the phone talk on the phone an answer to a questionan answer to a question.译林牛津版译林牛津版重点重点句型句型1.1.他擅长数学。他擅长数学。He is _ Maths.He is _ Maths.2.2.我出生在那儿，但我们现在住在北京。我出生在那儿，但我们现在住在北京。I _ there but we _ I _ there but we _ Beijing now.Beijing now.3.3.我喜欢阅读。我喜欢阅读。I _.I _.4.4.周末，我通常跑步半个小时。周末，我通常跑步半个小时。_，I usually _ I usually _ for half an hour.for half an hour.5.5.我可以借用你的橡皮吗？我可以借用你的橡皮吗？Can I _Can I _？good at good at was bornwas bornlive inlive inlove reading love reading At the weekendAt the weekendgo running go running borrow your rubberborrow your rubber.译林牛津版译林牛津版重点重点句型句型6.6.该吃早饭了吗？该吃早饭了吗？Is it _Is it _ _ _？7.7.一些狗就是不知道怎样娱乐。一些狗就是不知道怎样娱乐。Some dogs just dont knowSome dogs just dont know _._.8.8.放学后她步行回家。放学后她步行回家。She_ She_ _ after school._ after school.9.9.我的新同学都对我很好。我的新同学都对我很好。My new classmates _.My new classmates _.how to have fun how to have fun time for breakfast/time totime for breakfast/time tohave breakfasthave breakfastgoes home on foot goes home on foot walks home/walks home/are all nice to me are all nice to me.译林牛津版译林牛津版重点重点句型句型10.10.我每天花大约两个小时做家庭作业。我每天花大约两个小时做家庭作业。I _ my I _ my homework.homework.11.11.感谢你组织班级旅行。感谢你组织班级旅行。Thank you _.Thank you _.12.12.你认为你的新学校怎么样？你认为你的新学校怎么样？_your new school?_your new school?13.13.你如何用英语说那个？你如何用英语说那个？_ do you _ do you _？14.14.或许你需要多练习。或许你需要多练习。Maybe you _it more.Maybe you _it more.spend about two hours a day doing spend about two hours a day doing for organizing the class trip for organizing the class trip What do you think of What do you think of HowHow say that in English say that in English need to practise need to practise.译林牛津版译林牛津版语法语法结构结构1.1.一般现在时。一般现在时。详见详见P P88 88，语法互动，语法互动(九九)2 2人称代词的主格和宾格。人称代词的主格和宾格。详见详见P P76 76，语法互动，语法互动(二二).人教版人教版肯定句肯定句疑问句疑问句否定句否定句I work.Do I work？I do not work.He(She，It)works.Does he(she，it)work？He(She，It)does not work.We(You，They)work.Do we(you，they)work？We(You，They)do not work.1一般现在时一般现在时(1)结构：结构：(以以work为例为例).人教版人教版(2)用法：用法：表表示示事事实实、现现状状、性性质质或或经经常常的的、习习惯惯性性的的动动作作。常常与与often，usually，always，sometimes，today，every day，once a week，every five minutes，on Sundays等时间状语连用。如：等时间状语连用。如：I go to school at seven every day.我每天七点去上学。我每天七点去上学。表示普遍真理。如：表示普遍真理。如：The earth _ the sun.地球绕着太阳转。地球绕着太阳转。表示在现在时间里所发生的一个动作。如：表示在现在时间里所发生的一个动作。如：Here comes the bus.公共汽车来了。公共汽车来了。goes around.人教版人教版在时间和条件状语从句中代表一般将来时。如：在时间和条件状语从句中代表一般将来时。如：Ill go shopping with my mother if she _ tomorrow.如果明天我妈妈有空，我将和她去购物。如果明天我妈妈有空，我将和她去购物。直接加直接加s。如：。如：workworks。辅音字母辅音字母y结尾的词，先变结尾的词，先变y为为i，再加，再加es。如：。如：carrycarries；crycries；trytries；studystudies。以以s、x、o、ch、sh结尾的加结尾的加es。如：。如：washwashes；teachteaches；gogoes；passpasses；fixfixes。特殊：特殊：havehas。(3)单数第三人称形式变化规则如下：单数第三人称形式变化规则如下：is free.人称人称单数单数复数复数主格主格宾格宾格主格主格宾格宾格第一人称第一人称第二人称第二人称第三人称第三人称I_we_youyou_he_Her it _them人教版人教版课标考点课标考点1掌握人称代词、物主代词和不定代词的用法。掌握人称代词、物主代词和不定代词的用法。2掌握指示代词和反身代词的人称和数的变化。掌握指示代词和反身代词的人称和数的变化。考点一：人称代词考点一：人称代词meusyouyouhimshetheyit.人教版人教版2.用法用法人人称称代代词词的的主主格格在在句句子子中中作作主主语语或或表表语语，宾宾格格作作动动词词或或介介词的宾语，也可作表语使用。如：词的宾语，也可作表语使用。如：We all like him.(we作主语，作主语，him作宾语作宾语)Who is it?Its I/me.(it作主语，作主语，I或或me作表语作表语)提提醒醒(1)当当句句中中三三种种人人称称单单数数并并列列时时一一般般顺顺序序是是you,he and I(即即二二、三三、一一)；复复数数并并列列时时顺顺序序是是we,you and they（即一、二、三）。（即一、二、三）。.人教版人教版(2)代代词词it可可代代替替动动词词不不定定式式作作为为句句中中的的形形式式主主语语或或形形式式宾宾语，也可用于某些固定句式中。如：语，也可用于某些固定句式中。如：对我而言，按时完成作业有困难。对我而言，按时完成作业有困难。_hard for me _ the homework on time.我们认为晚饭后散步很有益。我们认为晚饭后散步很有益。We think it helpful _ a walk after supper.他花了三天时间读完了那本书。他花了三天时间读完了那本书。_him three days to finish reading the book.Its to finishto takeIt took.译林牛津版译林牛津版词汇点睛词汇点睛重点突破1 1 enjoy enjoy vtvt.喜欢喜欢 搭配搭配enjoy oneself enjoy oneself 过得愉快过得愉快(have a good have a good time time have fun)have fun)enjoy doing sth enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事喜欢做某事 注意注意enjoyenjoy后可接动名词作宾语，但不能用不定式后可接动名词作宾语，但不能用不定式 作宾语。作宾语。拓展拓展(1)(1)同义词为同义词为like(like(vtvt.喜欢喜欢)或或love(love(vtvt.爱爱)。(2)enjoy(2)enjoy 的形容词形式为的形容词形式为enjoyableenjoyable。.译林牛津版译林牛津版 活学活用活学活用()20102010莱芜莱芜 Most of the young people enjoyMost of the young people enjoy _ Jay Chous songs._ Jay Chous songs.A AsingsingB Bsangsang C Csinging Dsinging Dto singto singC C.译林牛津版译林牛津版2sometimessometimesadv.adv.有时有时注意注意sometime某时；某时；sometimes几次；几次；sometime一段时间。四词不要混淆。一段时间。四词不要混淆。拓展拓展sometimes是频度副词，相当于是频度副词，相当于attimes或或fromtimetotime。对频度副词提问只能用。对频度副词提问只能用howoften。.译林牛津版译林牛津版活学活用活学活用根据汉语意思完成句子根据汉语意思完成句子(1)He _ visits his friends at weekends.有时周末他去看望朋友。有时周末他去看望朋友。(2)Mum will take me to the park _ next week.妈妈将在下周的某时带我去公园。妈妈将在下周的某时带我去公园。(3)I have been to Beijing_.我去过北京几次。我去过北京几次。(4)He spent _ painting the wall.他花了一些时间粉刷墙面。他花了一些时间粉刷墙面。sometimessometimesome timessome time.译林牛津版译林牛津版3walkn.&vi.散步；步行散步；步行 vt.带带散步；带散步；带溜弯溜弯搭配搭配walkabout/around到处走走；散步到处走走；散步walkinto走进走进gofor/takeawalk去散步去散步takesbforawalk带某人去散步带某人去散步gowalking去散步去散步gooutforawalk出去散步出去散步活学活用活学活用()We often go out for _ after supper.Awalk Ba walk Cwalking DwalksB B.译林牛津版译林牛津版 4 4 borrow borrow vtvt.借；借用借；借用 辨析辨析 borrow borrow和和lendlend (1)(1)当表示向别人借东西时用当表示向别人借东西时用borrowborrow；(2)(2)当表示要把自己的东西借给别人时用当表示要把自己的东西借给别人时用lendlend。常用搭配有：常用搭配有：borrowfromborrowfrom向向/从从 借借lend sth to sb/lend sb sth lend sth to sb/lend sb sth 把某物借把某物借 给某人给某人 拓展拓展keep sth(keep sth(借得后借得后)保存保存/持某物；持某物；keep sth keep sth for for时间，借时间，借/保存某物多长时间。保存某物多长时间。.译林牛津版译林牛津版活学活用活学活用(1)He has never _.(1)He has never _.他从未向我借过钱。他从未向我借过钱。(2)He often _ some money.(2)He often _ some money.他经常借些钱给我。他经常借些钱给我。(3)How long can I_(3)How long can I_？我可以借阅这本书多长时间？我可以借阅这本书多长时间？borrowed money from melends mekeep the book.译林牛津版译林牛津版5 5 each each adjadj.各自的；每个的，每一各自的；每个的，每一 pronpron.各，各自；每个各，各自；每个 搭配搭配 each of each of中的每一个中的每一个 each othereach other彼此彼此 辨析辨析 every every和和eacheach every every和和eacheach都可意为都可意为“每个，各个每个，各个”，但用法不同：，但用法不同：(1)every(1)every强调全体概念，与强调全体概念，与allall相近；相近；eacheach则强调个体则强调个体 概念。概念。(2)every(2)every指三个或三个以上的人或物；指三个或三个以上的人或物；eacheach指两个或两指两个或两 个以上的人或物。个以上的人或物。(3)every(3)every只作形容词，后跟名词，不可单独使用；只作形容词，后跟名词，不可单独使用；而而eacheach可作代词或形容词。可作代词或形容词。.译林牛津版译林牛津版 ()20102010阜康阜康 Earthquakes happen when two Earthquakes happen when two plates(plates(板块板块)move against _ other.)move against _ other.A AbothbothB Ballall C Ceach Deach Deveryevery活学活用活学活用 C C.译林牛津版译林牛津版6 6 look forward to look forward to 期待，盼望期待，盼望 注意注意 look forward to look forward to 中的中的toto是介词，不能跟动词是介词，不能跟动词 原形，只能跟名词，代词或动词的原形，只能跟名词，代词或动词的ing ing 形式作宾语。形式作宾语。类似词组有类似词组有pay attention topay attention to。look forward to the cominglook forward to the coming活学活用活学活用We We all all _ _ of of the the holiday.holiday.我们都盼望着假期的到来。我们都盼望着假期的到来。.译林牛津版译林牛津版句型透视1 1 I hope you and your family are well.I hope you and your family are well.我希望你和你的家人身体都很好。我希望你和你的家人身体都很好。点拨点拨 句中的句中的wellwell为形容词，意为为形容词，意为“身体好，健康的身体好，健康的”，相当于相当于finefine。辨析辨析 family,house family,house和和homehome (1)family (1)family意为意为“家人，家庭成员家人，家庭成员”。familyfamily指家庭成员指家庭成员 时，为集体名词，后接复数谓语动词形式；若把时，为集体名词，后接复数谓语动词形式；若把familyfamily看看 成一个整体，则后接单数谓语动词形式。成一个整体，则后接单数谓语动词形式。familyfamily也有也有“家；家；家庭家庭”的意思，其复数形式为的意思，其复数形式为familiesfamilies。.译林牛津版译林牛津版(2)house(2)house表示表示“房屋房屋”，侧重居住的建筑物。，侧重居住的建筑物。(3)home(3)home 指指“家家”，侧重个人出生、被抚养长大的，侧重个人出生、被抚养长大的 环境或居住地。环境或居住地。The whole familyThe whole familyMy homeMy home活学活用活学活用(1)_ are watching TV.(1)_ are watching TV.全家人都在看电视。全家人都在看电视。(2)_ is in Beijing.(2)_ is in Beijing.我的家在北京。我的家在北京。.译林牛津版译林牛津版2 2 It is time for breakfast.It is time for breakfast.到吃早饭的时候了。到吃早饭的时候了。点拨点拨(1)(1)句型句型Its time forIts time for名词名词/代词代词/动名词意为动名词意为 “是是的时候了的时候了”。句中的。句中的itit不能用不能用thisthis或或thatthat替换，替换，timetime前无冠词，也不用复数形式。前无冠词，也不用复数形式。(2)Its time(2)Its time可接可接(for sb)to do sth(for sb)to do sth，意为，意为“到了到了(某某 人人)该做某事的时候了该做某事的时候了”。活学活用活学活用(1)_start our English class.(1)_start our English class.我们上英语课的时间到了。我们上英语课的时间到了。(2)_leave for Japan.(2)_leave for Japan.他该启程前往日本了。他该启程前往日本了。Its time for him toIts time for him toIts time to.译林牛津版译林牛津版3 3 Excuse me,how do you say that in English?Excuse me,how do you say that in English?对不起，那个用英语怎么说？对不起，那个用英语怎么说？辨析辨析 say,speak,talk say,speak,talk和和telltell (1)say (1)say强调说的内容，后面可接名词、代词或一个句子。强调说的内容，后面可接名词、代词或一个句子。(2)speak(2)speak常用来表示常用来表示“讲某种语言讲某种语言”，后面直接跟表示，后面直接跟表示 某种语言的名词；或表示某种语言的名词；或表示“讲话，发言讲话，发言”，指说话的能，指说话的能 力。如：力。如：speak to sbspeak to sb与某人讲话。与某人讲话。.译林牛津版译林牛津版(3)talk(3)talk是是“说，谈话说，谈话”的意思，指连续性的讲话，有的意思，指连续性的讲话，有 对话的含义；对话的含义；talktalk与与speakspeak意思相近，意思相近，speakspeak指演说或正指演说或正 式发言，而式发言，而talktalk指一般性的交谈。指一般性的交谈。talktalk的常用搭配有：的常用搭配有：talk to/with sb(talk to/with sb(与某人交谈与某人交谈)，talk about(talk about(谈论，讨论谈论，讨论)。(4)tell(4)tell意为意为“告诉告诉”，表示，表示“讲故事讲故事”或或“讲笑话讲笑话”等等 也用也用telltell，强调讲给别人听。，强调讲给别人听。telltell的常用搭配有：的常用搭配有：tell tell sb sth(sb sth(告诉某人某事告诉某人某事),tell sb about sth(),tell sb about sth(告诉某人告诉某人 关于某事关于某事)，tell sb(not)to do sthtell sb(not)to do sth告诉某人告诉某人(不不)做某事。做某事。.译林牛津版译林牛津版活学活用活学活用()(1)Please say it _ English.)(1)Please say it _ English.A Awith with B Bonon C Cfor for D Dinin()(2)(2)2010)2010日照日照 My brother once studied inMy brother once studied in America for three years,so he America for three years,so he can_ English very well.can_ English very well.A Atalk Btalk Bspeak speak C Csay Dsay DtelltellD B.译林牛津版译林牛津版4 4 I spend about two hours a day doing my homework.I spend about two hours a day doing my homework.我每天用大约两个小时做家庭作业。我每天用大约两个小时做家庭作业。辨析辨析 take,spend,cost,buy take,spend,cost,buy和和paypay 这四个词作这四个词作“花费花费时间时间/钱钱”讲时的区别：讲时的区别：(1)take(1)take通常与表示时间的词语连用，通常由通常与表示时间的词语连用，通常由itit作形式主作形式主 语。用于句型语。用于句型It takes It takes 人时间人时间to do sthto do sth。(2)spend(2)spend表示表示“花费金钱花费金钱/时间时间”，主语通常由人充当。，主语通常由人充当。人人spendspend金钱金钱onon名词；人名词；人spendspend时间时间(in)in)doing sthdoing sth。.译林牛津版译林牛津版(3)cost(3)cost表示表示“花费时间花费时间/金钱金钱/劳力等劳力等”，通常不能用人，通常不能用人 充当主语。物充当主语。物(事事)costcost人钱。人钱。(4)buy(4)buy 表示表示“花费金钱买花费金钱买”，主语通常由人充当。人，主语通常由人充当。人 buybuysthsthforforsbsb。(5)pay(5)pay表示表示“付钱付钱”，主语是人。人，主语是人。人paypay金钱金钱forfor sthsth。.译林牛津版译林牛津版活学活用活学活用()(1)It will _ us several years to)(1)It will _ us several years to learn a foreign language well.learn a foreign language well.A Acost cost B Btaketake C Cspend Dspend Duseuse()(2)(2)20102010杭州杭州 Remember to spend some Remember to spend some time _ your loved ones,because time _ your loved ones,because theyre not going to be around forever.theyre not going to be around forever.A Afrom Bfrom Bwithwith C Cin Din DononB B D D.译林牛津版译林牛津版5 5 Thank you for organizing the class trip.Thank you for organizing the class trip.感谢你组织这次班级旅行。感谢你组织这次班级旅行。点拨点拨 thank sb for doing sth/thanks for doing thank sb for doing sth/thanks for doing意意 为为“感谢某人做某事感谢某人做某事”。for for 是介词，后接动词时要改是介词，后接动词时要改 为动名词形式为动名词形式 D D 活学活用活学活用()Thank you for _ me so much help.)Thank you for _ me so much help.A AgivegiveB Bgivesgives C Cgave Dgave Dgivinggiving.译林牛津版译林牛津版6 6 What do you think of your new school?What do you think of your new school?你觉得你的新学校怎么样？你觉得你的新学校怎么样？拓展拓展 What do you think of your new school?What do you think of your new school?How do you like your new school?How do you like your new school?How do you find your new school?How do you find your new school?A A 活学活用活学活用()_ do you think of this book)_ do you think of this book？A AWhatWhat B BHowHow C CWhere DWhere DWhenWhen.第第2 2课时课时Units 3-4,Book 7AUnits 3-4,Book 7A译林牛津版译林牛津版.基础过关译林牛津版译林牛津版类别类别课标考点要求课标考点要求词汇词汇拓展拓展1.interest 1.interest n n&v v._(._(有趣的有趣的)_(_(感兴趣的感兴趣的)2.knife 2.knife n n_(_(复数复数)3.potato 3.potato n n_(_(复数复数)4.difficult 4.difficult adjadj._(._(名词名词)interestinginteresting interested interested knivesknives potatoespotatoes difficulty difficulty.译林牛津版译林牛津版词汇词汇拓展拓展5.tooth 5.tooth n n_(_(复数复数)6.wonder 6.wonder n n._._adjadj._._advadv.7.meet 7.meet v v_ _ n n.8.important 8.important adjadj._(._(反义词反义词)_(_(名词名词)teeth teeth wonderfulwonderful wonderfullywonderfully meeting meeting unimportantunimportant importanceimportance.译林牛津版译林牛津版重点重点短语短语1.1.儿童节儿童节_ _ 2 2教师节教师节_3 3在星期一在星期一_4 4国庆节国庆节_5 5装扮成装扮成样子样子 _6 6用许多方法用许多方法_7 7制定一个计划制定一个计划_8 8在街道的两边在街道的两边 _9 9一天多次一天多次_Childrens Day Childrens Day Teachers Day Teachers Day on Monday on Monday National Day National Day dress up as dress up as in many ways in many ways make a plan make a plan on both sides of the street on both sides of the street many times a day many times a day.译林牛津版译林牛津版重点重点短语短语1010用用制造出制造出 _ _1111在某天的晚上在某天的晚上 _1212完成某事完成某事 _1313改变饮食改变饮食 _1414吃健康的饭菜吃健康的饭菜 _1515变得疲劳变得疲劳 _1616一个叫作一个叫作的游戏的游戏 _1717告诉某人关于某事告诉某人关于某事 _1818捉弄某人捉弄某人 _makeout of makeout of on the evening of on the evening of finish doing sth finish doing sth change ones diet change ones diet have healthy meals have healthy meals get tired get tired a game called a game called tell sb about sth tell sb about sth play a trick on sb play a trick on sb.译林牛津版译林牛津版重点重点短语短语1919过一个长假过一个长假 _2020在网上在网上 _2121两餐之间两餐之间 _2222少看电视少看电视 _2323A A与与B B的区别的区别 _2424祝某人好运祝某人好运 _2525从从获取能量获取能量 _2626对某人来说很重要对某人来说很重要 _ have a long holiday have a long holiday on the Internet on the Internet between meals between meals watch less TV watch less TV the difference between A and B the difference between A and B Good luck with sb Good luck with sb get energy from get energy from be important for sbbe important for sb.译林牛津版译林牛津版重点重点句型句型1.1.我们穿着带面具的特别的服装。我们穿着带面具的特别的服装。We _ special costumes _masks.We _ special costumes _masks.2.2.有时候我们在脸上涂上油彩，人们就不知道我们是谁了。有时候我们在脸上涂上油彩，人们就不知道我们是谁了。Sometimes we_Sometimes we_，and people do not and people do not know _.know _.3.3.我们家总是在我们家总是在1010月月3131日晚上举行聚会。日晚上举行聚会。My family always _the evening ofMy family always _the evening of October 31st.October 31st.4.4.这就是每个星期我所做的事情。这就是每个星期我所做的事情。Here is _ every week.Here is