1、(每日一练每日一练)2023)2023 年人教版高中英语必修一年人教版高中英语必修一 Unit4NaturalDisastersUnit4NaturalDisasters 高频考点高频考点知识梳理知识梳理 单选题 1、Was it in the village _ we used to live in _ the accident happened?Athat;whereBwhich;that Cwhere;thatDwhich;where 答案:B 考查定语从句和强调句。句意:事故是在我们过去住的那个村庄发生的吗?根据句子结构,第一空为 which 引导的限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 the
2、village,先行词在定语从句中作 live in 的宾语,应用关系代词 which 引导;分析句子,全句使用了强调句型“It+is/was+被强调部分+that+句子其它部分”的一般疑问句形式,本句强调的是原句中地点状语“in the village where we used to live in”,句子其它部分由 that 引出。故选 B。2、I felt _ than when we were moving towards it.AcalmlyBmore calmCcalmestDcalmer 答案:B 考查形容词比较级。句意:我感到比我们朝它移动时更平静。than 前面用比较级,c
3、alm 的比较级是 more calm,在系动词 felt 后做表语。故选 B。3、Memories of tears and laughters came _ as he visited his secondary school.Aflooding backBflooding inCflooded backDflooded in 答案:A 考查动词短语辨析和现在分词。句意:当他参观他的中学时,泪水和欢笑的记忆如潮水般涌回心头。flood in意为“涌入,大量地涌到”;flood back 意为“涌回”;固定短语搭配 come flooding back,意为“潮水般涌回心头”;flood 与
4、逻辑主语 Memories 为主谓关系,应用现在分词。故选 A 项。4、Lack of mutual_not only gets in the way of your work,but it can also_your relationships and your self-esteem.Acomment differBrespect damage Cbenefit destroyDexpectation decorate 答案:B 考查动词和名词词义辨析。句意:缺乏相互尊敬不仅会妨碍你的工作,还会损害你的人际关系和自尊。comment“评论”,differ“有区别,有分歧”;respect“
5、尊敬”,damage“损害;伤害”;benefit“益处;好处”,destroy“毁坏”;expectation“期待”,decorate“装饰”。根据句意,相互不尊重会妨碍工作,也会损害人际关系和自尊。故选 B。小提示:5、I live next door to a couple_ children often make a lot of noise.AwhyBwhoseCthatDwhich 答案:B 考查定语从句。句意:我住在一对夫妇的隔壁,他们的孩子经常很吵闹。此处为定语从句修饰先行词 couple,先行词在从句中作定语,用关系代词 whose。故选 B。6、The pictures
6、remind us _ the days _ we spent in Beijing.A/;thatB/;whenCof;thatDof;when 答案:C 考查固定短语和定语从句。句意:这些照片让我们想起了我们在北京度过的日子。第一空,固定短语remind sb of sth,提醒某人某事,所以填 of;第二空,关系词指代先行词 days 并在定语从句中作 spent 的宾语,故填 that,故选 C。小提示:7、From monuments _define history,to towering skyscrapers,to a little red lighthouse under a
7、huge suspension bridge,youll be treated to spectacular views.AwhenBthatCwhereDwhose 答案:B 考查定语从句。句意:从定义历史的纪念碑,到高耸的摩天大楼,到巨大吊桥下的红色小灯塔,您将看到壮观的景色。此处为定语从句修饰先行词 monuments,先行词在从句中作主语,指物,故用关系代词 that 或 which引导。故选 B。8、I think this is the most interesting story_is made up by my uncle.AwhatBwhich CthatDas 答案:C 考
8、查定语从句。句意:我认为这是我叔叔编的最有趣的故事了。_could be used to buy clothes for his children.是一个定语从句,由于先行词 story 在定语从句中作主语,且被形容词的最高级修饰,因此关系代词只能用 that,故选 C。9、It is the time _ you spent on your rose _ makes your rose so important.Awhen;thatBwhich;whatCthat;whichDwhich;that 答案:D 考查定语从句,强调句。句意:是你花在你的玫瑰上的时间使你的玫瑰如此重要。根据句子结构
9、分析可知,第一个设空处为连词引导定语从句,先行词为 time,从句中缺少宾语,因此需要使用关系代词 which,根据强调句结构“it is+被强调成分+that”可知,第二个设空处对句子主语“the time”的强调,因此需要使用 that。故选 D。10、The man _ coat is black is waiting at the gate.AwhosBwhoseCthatDof which 答案:B 考查定语从句。句意:穿黑色外套的那个人正在门口等着。分析句子可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词是 man,关系词在从句中作定语,和 coat 是所属关系,应用 whose 引导。故选 B 项
10、。11、One day,an idea _ Waters that maybe her cooking could help her make some money.AstruckBbeatCoccurredDrecalled 答案:A 考查动词词义辨析。句意:有一天,沃特斯突然想到,也许她的厨艺可以帮她赚些钱。A.struck 击打,突然想到;B.beat 打败;C.occurred 出现,(想法)产生;D.recalled 回想起。根据句意可知,句中表达了“突然想到”的含义,需要用到 sth.strikes sb.或 sth.occurs to sb.来表示;此处为一般过去时,所以动词要用
11、过去式。故选 A 项。12、Understanding the cultural habits of another nation,especially _ containing as many different cultures as the United States is a difficult thing.AwhichBoneCthatDit 答案:B 考查不定代词。句意:要了解一个国家的文化习惯,尤其是像美国这样一个集成了多种文化国家的文化,是很困难的。A.which 指代物;B.one 一个;C.that 指代人或物;D.it 它。通过句子结构判断,整句话中只有一个谓语动词 is
12、,所以不能使用从句的引导词,排除 A 和 C,同时 it 指代的是同类同物,表示特指,不符合题意。整个句子的主语是 Understanding the cultural habits of another nation,one 作为同位语,泛指前文提到的一个国家的文化习惯。后面的 containing as many different cultures as the United States 是对 one 进行修饰,使用的是现在分词作后置定语。故选 B。13、Those _ achieve great things are the ones willing to be scared but
13、 not scared off.AwhatBwhoCwhichDwhom 答案:B 考查定语从句。句意:那些取得伟大成就的人是那些愿意被吓到但不会被吓倒的人。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导的是定语从句,从句中缺少主语,先行词 Those 指人,因此空格处用关系代词 who,故选 B。14、We study in a classroom _ windows face to the south.AwhoseBwhichCwhereDthat 答案:A 考查定语从句。句意:我们在一间窗户朝南的教室里学习。本句考查定语从句,先行词为 a classroom,关系词在从句中充当定语成分,表示 the cl
14、assrooms,应用 whose。故选 A 项。15、After several _ to climb Qomolangma,he finally reached the top of it.AattemptsBattacksCchaptersDdisasters 答案:A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:经过几次攀登珠峰的尝试,他终于登上了山顶。A.attempts 尝试;B.attacks 攻击;C.chapters(书的)章,篇,回;D.disasters 灾难。根据后文“he finally reached the top of it”可知,他最终到达顶峰,所以应该是经过几次尝试了。故选 A
15、 项。16、He pointed out such a crucial detail about the experiment _ we could never neglect.AasBthatCwhereDwhen 答案:A 考查定语从句。句意:他指出有关实验的这样一个我们绝不能忽视的关键细节。根据句意判断先行词为a crucial detail 在定语从句中作 neglect 的宾语,且先行词被 such 修饰,故用关系代词 as。故选 A 项。17、During the pandemic,all patients and their families,without _,must car
16、ry their ID card and show their health QR code before entering the hospital.ApermissionBeffortCexceptionDaccess 答案:C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:在疾病大流行期间,所有患者及其家属,无一例外,在进入医院前都必须携带身份证并出示健康二维码。A.permission 许可;B.effort 努力;C.exception 例外;D.access 通道。根据句意和句中“all patients and their families”可知,句中强调的是所有患者及其家属,无一例外,“except
17、ion”意为“例外”,名词词性,“without exception”意为“无一例外”。故选 C 项。18、The only thing_can be done is to stop them from going there.AthatBwhichCwhatDwho 答案:A 考查定语从句。句意:唯一能做的就是阻止他们去那里。分析句子结构,_can be done 是一个定语从句,修饰先行词 The only thing,关系词在从句中作主语,指物,当先行词被 the only 修饰时,用 that 不用 which,故选 A。19、With more and more forests _,
18、we must take action to protect our earth.AdestroyingBdestroyedCto destroyDare destroyed 答案:B 考查过去分词。句意:随着越来越多的森林遭到破坏,我们必须采取行动去保护我们的地球。空格处是 with 的复合结构中的宾补,由于宾补和宾语 forests 是被动关系,因此要用过去分词。故选 B。20、Recycling can reduce carbon emissions,_ producing new products from recycled objects generally saves energy
19、.AbecauseBas ifCalthoughDin case 答案:A 考查连词辨析。句意:回收能减少碳排放,因为使用回收的材料生产新产品通常来说会节约能源。A.because 因为;B.as if 好像;C.although 尽管;D.in case 以防。由语意可知,后面一个分句是前面分句的原因,用回收的材料生产新产品节约能源是减少碳排放的原因。故选 A 项。21、For many older people,especially those _health issues,poor eyesight makes_ almost impossible on small screens,an
20、d their leathery fingers makes _to use touch-screens.Asuffering,reading,it hardBsuffering from,reading,it hard Csuffering from,to read,hardDsuffering,to read,hard 答案:B 考查非谓语动词,代词 it,形容词和短语。句意:对于许多老年人,尤其是那些患有健康问题的老年人来说,视力差使得他们几乎不可能在小屏幕上阅读,而且他们粗糙的手指也很难使用触摸屏。分析句子可知,“_health issues”作定语,修饰 those,suffer f
21、rom“患病”,suffer“遭受”,由 health issue“健康问题”可知,用 suffer from,与主语 those 是主动关系,用现在分词形式作定语;“make+宾语+宾补”是固定用法,作宾语用动名词 reading,不定式一般置后;空make 后的宾语是不定式“to use touch-screens”,用形式宾语 it,接形容词 hard 作宾语补足语,综上,故选 B。22、That is the famous university _my friend and I visited last summer vacation.AwhereBwhichCthatDwhat 答案
22、:C 考查定语从句关系词。句意:那是我和朋友去年暑假参观的著名大学。此处是定语从句,先行词等于关系词,先行词是 the famous university,指物,在从句中做宾语,因先行词在主句中作表语,只能用关系代词 that。故选 C 项。23、As a respected zoological institution,SeaWorld not only _,rehabilitates and returns to nature hundreds of wild animals every year but also generously _ conservation and scienti
23、fic research.Arescues focuses onBrescues funds Creleases focuses onDreleases funds 答案:B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:作为一个受人尊敬的动物学机构,海洋世界不仅每年拯救、治疗数百种野生动物,让它们回归自然,而且还慷慨资助动物保护和科学研究。rescue 搭救,解救;release 释放,解放;focus on 集中精力于;fund 资助。分析句子可知,第一空“解救,治疗和放回自然”符合逻辑顺序,因此填 rescue;第二空,根据空前 generously 可知,此空填拨款,资助。故选 B 项。24、The exa
24、ct year _ Lucia and her family spent together in China was _ the Beijing Olympic Games was held.Awhich;whereBwhen;when Cwhich;whenDwhen;that 答案:C 考查定语从句和表语从句。句意:露西亚和她的家人在中国度过的那一年正是北京奥运会举办的那一年。分析可知,第一空引导定语从句,先行词是 year,指物,从句中的 spent 缺少宾语,应用关系代词 which/that 引导;第二空引导表语从句,从句需要时间状语,应用 when 引导。综上,故选 C。小提示:2
25、5、Sophia Scott started a free tutoring service to help anyone _ had difficulty catching up.AwhoseBthatCwhomDwho 答案:D 考查定语从句。句意:索菲亚 斯科特开始了一项免费辅导服务,帮助赶上有困难的人。句中先行词为 anyone,指人,在定语从句中作主语,所以用关系代词 who 引导。故选 D。26、Public schools in the United States have to be neutral about religion _ they close for holiday
26、s like Christmas.Ain caseBas ifCin thatDeven though 答案:D 考查让步状语从句。句意:美国的公立学校必须在宗教问题上保持中立,即使他们会在圣诞节这样的节日关闭。A.in case 以防;B.as if 似乎;好像;C.in that 因为;D.even though 即使。结合句意可知,学校在像圣诞节这样的节日会停课,美国必须对宗教保持中立。所以空白处与前文为让步关系,选项 D 符合题意,故选 D。27、_in a story book,the girl didnt notice the stranger.ABuryingBBuriedCTo
27、 buryDHaving buried 答案:B 考查非谓语动词。句意:沉迷于故事书中,这个女孩没有注意到这个陌生人。分析句子结构可知,动词 bury在句中作状语成分,和主语 the girl 之间是被动关系,需使用过去分词 buried,be buried in 专心于。故选 B。28、Newton is shown as a gifted scientist with every human weakness stood at the point in history magic ended and science began.Awho;whereBwhich;whereCwho;when
28、Dwhich;that 答案:A 考查定语从句。句意:牛顿被证明是一位天才科学家,有着人类的种种弱点,他站在了历史上魔术结束、科学开始的时刻。分析句子可知,两个设空处都引导定语从句;第一空处关系词代替先行词 Newton 在从句中充当主语,应用关系代词 who,第二空处关系词代替先行词 point 在从句中充当地点状语,应用关系副词 where,故选 A 项。29、Children who are not active or_diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.AwhoBof whomCwhoseDthat 答案:C 考查关系词。句意:不运
29、动或饮食中脂肪含量高的儿童体重会迅速增加。分析句子可知,此处为连词 whose 引导的限制性定语从句,先行词 Children 在从句中作定语成分,和从句中的主语 diet 为所属关系。故选 C 项。30、We packed all the books in the boxes_they wouldnt get damaged.Aas long asBas ifCin caseDso that 答案:D 考查连词辨析。句意:我们把所有的书都打包放进箱子里,以便它们不被损坏。A.as long as 只要;B.as if 好像;C.in case 以防,万一;D.so that 以便。根据句意可
30、知,设空处后的句意是前面句子的目的,因此“so that”符合句意。故选 D。小提示:完成句子 31、发生在 1976 年的唐山地震使全世界人民感到震惊。The earthquake_ _ _ _ _ _shocked the people all over the world.答案:that/which happened in Tangshan in 1976 考查限制性定语从句、动词及其时态。根据句子结构,设空处以及句意分析可知设空处为定语从句修饰句子的主语 The earthquake,“发生”为不及物动词 happen,The earthquake 是定语从句的先行词,所以应该用 th
31、at 或which 引导,在从句中做主语。根据所给提示地震发生在 1976 年可知从句是一般过去时。故填that happened inTangshan in 1976 或者 which happened inTangshan in 1976。32、我也有一个我非常信任的朋友。I also have a friend_ _ _ _ _.答案:whom/who I trust a lot 考查定语从句、动词时态和副词。空处为定语从句,先行词为 friend,先行词在句中作宾语,关系代词应用who/whom;表示“信任”应用动词 trust,在从句中作谓语,friend 为单数,且此处为客观陈述,
32、所以应用动词原形 trust;表示“非常”应用短语 a lot,作状语,修饰动词 trust,所以空处应填 whom/who I trust a lot。故答案为 whom/who I trust a lot。33、我住在一对夫妇的隔壁,他们的孩子经常弄出很多噪声。I live next door to a couple _.答案:whose children often make a lot of noise 考查定语从句和时态。此处为 whose 引导的定语从句修饰先行词 couple,先行词 a couple 在从句中作定语;从句主语为复数名词 children,表示“经常弄出很多噪音”
33、应用 often make a lot of noise。为一般现在时。故填whose children often make a lot of noise。34、医生问安患此重病多久了。The doctor asked Ann how long_ _ _ _the terrible disease.答案:she had suffered from 考查时态及动词短语。根据句意及句子结构可知,空格处是宾语从句的主谓结构。主句的谓语动词 asked 为一般过去时态,宾语从句也要用过去的某种时态,且“患病”在“医生询问”之前发生,故用过去完成时态。suffer from 意为“遭受,患病”。故空格
34、处依次填入 she had suffered from。35、在一位路人的帮助下,她设法走到了警察局求助。_a passer-by,she managed to walk to the police station for help.(aid n.)答案:With the aid of 考查 with 独立主格结构。分析句子成分可知,“在一位路人的帮助下”作方式状语,应采用 with 的复合结构。“帮助”译为:aid。故填 With the aid of。36、我不知道他为什么一直看着我,好像认识我似的。I dont know why he is looking at me _ _ _ _ m
35、e.答案:as if he knew 考查 as if 虚拟语气。表示“好像,似乎”用 as if 引导从句,as if 从句中表达与事实相反的情况时要用虚拟语气;根据句意和主句中时态可知,句中讲述的是现在的情况,as if 从句中表达的是对现在情况的虚拟,从句中谓语动词用一般过去时;根据句意从句中需补上主语 he,“认识”是从句谓语动词,用动词 know 表示,过去式为knew。故填as;if;he;knew。37、It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!(as if 句型)They looked at me as if I _.他们看
36、着我,就像我已经知道了真相一样。答案:had known the truth already 考查虚拟语气。“知道真相”应用 know the truth,分析句子结构可知,本句为 as if 引导的虚拟方式状语从句,表示与过去的事实相反,使用过去完成时,“已经”表达为 already。故填 had known the truth already。38、听众被深深地打动了,掌声经久不息。(affect)(一句多译)(1)The audience _,and they warmly applauded for a long time.(2)_,the audience warmly applau
37、ded for a long time.(去分词做状语)(3)The audience,_,warmly applauded for a long time.(语从句)答案:were deeply affected Deeply affected who were deeply affected 1.考查时态和语态。根据汉语提示,“深深地”可以翻译为 deeply;“被打动”可以翻译为 be affected;根据 and后面的句子用过去时,空格处也应该用过去时。故填 were deeply affected。2.考查分词作状语。根据汉语提示,“深深地”可以翻译为 deeply;“打动”可以用
38、动词 affect 表示;因为句子主语 the audience 和动词 affect 之间是被动关系,所以应该用 affect 的过去分词形式作状语。故填 Deeply affected。3.考查定语从句。根据汉语提示,“深深地”可以翻译为 deeply;“被打动”可以翻译为 be affected;分析句子可知,空格处是一个非限制性定语从句,对先行词 the audience 限定说明,所以需要用一个关系代词,代替先行词 the audience 在从句中做主语,此处应该用 who;根据主句的时态是一般过去时,定语从句的时态也应该是一般过去时。故填 who were deeply affe
39、cted。39、为了隐藏他的悲伤,他说着笑着,似乎没有发生过任何事。(虚拟语气)In order to _,he talked and laughed _.答案:hide his sadness as if nothing had happened 考查动词原形和虚拟语气。in order to do sth.(为了做某事),hide(隐藏)用动词原形形式,his sadness 作宾语,as if(似乎、好像)引导方式状语从句,由 talked and laughed 可知,与过去事实相反,从句谓语动词 happen 用过去完成时。故填hide his sadness;as if nothi
40、ng had happened。40、The earthquake _ shocked the people all over the world.发生在 1976 年的唐山地震使全世界人民感到震惊。答案:that/which happened in Tangshan in 1976 考查定语从句和时态。根据句意可知,该空作定语,修饰 the earthquake。先行词在从句中作主语,指物,应用关系代词 which/that 引导该从句。表示“发生”应用不及物动词 happen。且根据 1976 年可知,该从句应用一般过去时态。故填 that/which happened in Tangsh
41、an in 1976。语法填空 41、Two-thirds of the crop_(damage)during the storm.(所给词的适当形式填空)答案:was damaged 考查主谓一致、时态和语态。句意:三分之二的庄稼在暴风雨中受损。根据句意可知此句为一般过去时,主语Two-thirds of the crop 与 damage 为被动关系,所以应该用一般过去时的被动语态;分数修饰名词作主语,谓语动词由 of 后面的名词决定,the crop 是单数,所以此句谓语动词应该用第三人称单数,故填 was damaged。42、To our shock,the plane lost
42、track of the airport and then crashed with no one_(survive).(所给词的适当形式填空)答案:surviving 考查非谓语动词。句意:令我们震惊的是,飞机与机场失去了联系,然后坠毁了,无人生还。此处是 with 复合结构,no one 与 survive 是逻辑主谓关系,应用现在分词,表主动,作宾语补足语。故填 surviving。43、His village _(flood)in the heavy rain,so he moved to his parents house.(所给词的适当形式填空)答案:had been floode
43、d 考查时态和语态。句意:他的村庄被大雨淹没了,所以他搬到了父母家。分析句子,moved 使用过去式形式,为一般过去时,结合语意,“他的村庄被淹没”这一动作发生在“他搬到父母家”之前,为“过去的过去”,所以空处应用过去完成时,且 flood 与主语 his village 之间是被动关系,应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been flooded。44、We succeed in our field of specialization and then become _(trap)in it.(所给词的适当形式填空)答案:trapped 考查被动语态。句意:我们在我们的专业领域取得了成功,
44、然后又陷入了其中。分析句子可知,“trap”意为“使陷入困境”,动词词性,句中“We”和“trap”为被动关系,故应用被动语态,“trap”的过去分词为“trapped”,“become trapped in”意为“陷入”。故填 trapped。45、I was shocked _(hear)that Kobe and his daughter died in the terrible air crash.(所给词的适当形式填空)答案:to hear 考查不定式。句意:听说科比和他的女儿在那次可怕的空难中丧生,我很震惊。根据“be shocked to do sth.对做某事感到震惊”用法可知
45、,该空应填不定式 to hear 做原因状语。故填 to hear。46、In the area one out of three residents_(affect)by this quake.(所给词的适当形式填空)答案:was affected 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:在这个地区,三分之一的居民受到了这次地震的影响。分析句子可知,空格处是该句子的谓语部分,句子的主语 one out of three residents 和动词 affect 之间是被动关系,所以应该用被动语态;one of+复数名词作主语时,谓语动词和 one 保持数的一致;根据句意,句子应该用一般过去时。故填w
46、as affected。47、Many westerners _ came to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.(用适当的词填空)答案:that#who 考查定语从句。句意:许多来到中国的西方人一旦意识到在外面吃饭有多便宜,就会比在自己的国家做饭少得多。空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 westerners,指人,从句中缺少主语,应用关系代词 that/who。故填 that/who。48、Well reach the sale
47、s targets in a month _ we set at the beginning of the year.(用适当的词填空)答案:which#that#不填 考查定语从句。句意:一个月之后,我们将实现今年年初设定的销售目标。_ we set at the beginning of the year 是定语从句,修饰 the sales targets,引导词在从句中作 set 的宾语,指物,应用关系代词 which/that 引导该从句。而且,关系代词在从句中作宾语时,还可以省略。故填 which/that/不填。49、Workers built shelters for surv
48、ivors_ homes had been destroyed.(用适当的词填空)答案:whose 考查定语从句的关系词。句意:工人们为房屋被毁的幸存者建造了避难所。分析句子可知,本句是定语从句,survivors 是先行词,在定语从句中与 homes 二者是所属关系,即幸存者的房屋,定语从句中表示“人的/物的”要用“whose”。故填 whose。50、This is the very hotel _ I stayed at when I was travelling here.(用适当的词填空)答案:that 考查定语从句引导词。句意:这就是我在这里旅行时住过的旅馆。分析句子可知,空格处引导限制性定语从句,先行词为 the very hotel,(先行词中由 the very 修饰时,通常用关系代词 that 指代事物,)关系代词 that 引导从句,在从句中作介词 at 的宾语。故填 that。