八年级《名词的辨析》-专题期末复习分类突破训练(答案)[001].doc

八年级名词的辨析 专题期末复习分类突破训练（答案）1、Mr. Li always has his own special _ to make his lessons lively.AsurveysBinstructionsCworksDmethods2、Could you take out the rubbish and do the dishes，Tony？Sure，Mom will be mad if she sees this _，I thinkAmatterBmessCtroubleDdifficulty3、Do you know the four new great _of China?Yes. They are Alipay, high-speed trains, shared bikes and online shopping.AinventionsBintroductionsCattractionsDtraditions4、Finding information is not a big deal today.Yes. The _ is how to tell whether the information is true or not.AadvantageBmessageCchallengeDknowledge5、Peter is interested in reading books about animals and plants. He has a real _ of animals, birds and flowers.AcourageBenergyCknowledgeDexperience6、 How do you like Jianye Library? Wonderful! Im especially satisfied with the high _ of its service.AcostBvalueCstandardDprice7、A _ is a person who is travelling or visiting a place.AstrangerBtouristCguideDcustomer8、Because plenty of _ were found, Sanxingdui Ruins was named the Scientific Education Base for Chinas Youth (中国青少年科教基地) in March this year.AstandardsBprojectsCtreasuresDinstructions9、Why did the artist make no _ to be understood or liked?He didnt care what others think of him.AriskBeffortCsuggestionDbalance10、Dad, what is the loudspeaker saying?It is to the _.The fight to Shanghai is checking tickets now.AcustomersBpassengersCmembersDtourists11、The new high-speed railway connecting Zhenjiang to Lianyungang is now in _ and it saves a lot of time.AsurpriseBspiritCsilenceDservice12、Would you send me some _ of yours? I miss you very much!AmagazinesBphotosCphonesDworks13、When autumn comes, the _ will turn yellow, and fall from the tree.AmountainsBleavesCbirdsDplants14、If you are interested in something, its easier for you to pay _ to it for a long time.AattentionBinterestCprogressDinformation15、The sweater is not the right _ for me.Well, shall I get you a bigger one or a smaller one?ApriceBcolorCsizeDmaterial(材料)16、For the time being we can collect much _ either from books or on the Internet.AideaBmethodCinformationDsuggestion17、Wu Wei, a young artist, has received high_ from the art community for this sculpturesAprideBpraiseCpromiseDprogress18、Could you give me a few _ on how to spend the coming summer holiday?-OK. Let me see.AhobbiesBknowledgeCsuggestionsDinformation19、The _of antibiotics(抗生素) in the 20th century has made a great difference to us.AinventionBinstructionCmethodDdiscovery20、Do you know the boy saving his neighbour from a fire last week?Sure! I really admire him for his _.AgiftBfriendshipCcourageDability21、If youre good at English, you will have one more _ when searching for jobs.AmethodBadvantageCinterestDinterview22、 Do you really think you can learn that much in only a couple of hours? Yes. We will try a very useful _ of dealing with memory problems.AreportBprocessCmethodDactivity23、This is a _ of our city. Look! Our school is here.AmapBmusicCnameDteam24、I really admire these scientists in different fields in our country.I agree. They have made a great _ to our country, even to the world.AcelebrationBconversationCcontributionDintroduction25、With the development of the service industry, the working _ is increasing and more jobs should be offered.AinventionBpronunciationCintroductionDpopulation26、 Could you tell me more about Chinese _, Mr. Li? Sure. For example, we usually eat rice dumplings on the Dragon Boat Festival.AcustomsBservicesCsymbolsDholidays27、 Can you describe what Mr. Greens daughter is like? Oh, she has the very _ of Mr. Green. Im sure you can know her at the first sight.AphotoBvoiceClookDtaste28、Do you know a Chinese called ChenGao?Exactly, his _ makes the whole world shocked and he becomes the youngest PHD supervisor（博导）in Math area.AadvantageBprogressCachievementDattention29、Sams _ is worth praising, but saving someone from the river alone is too dangerous.Yes. As teenagers, we had better ask adults for help.AhumourBcourageCwisdomDpurpose30、The number of the people who use Huawei _ is getting larger and larger.AproductsBcustomersCculturesDhistories31、A factory will be built for the _ of this type of new energy car.ApositionBpopulationCproductionDpronunciation32、We should follow our teachers_ about how to achieve a balance between our study and hobbies.AdecisionBattentionCsuggestionDintroduction33、The boy is crazy about football but he has no time to play it. He finds it difficult to keep _ between his schoolwork and his hobbies.AbalanceBpossibilityCrelationshipDsuggestion34、 I hear that you have bought a smart car. Does the car give you any good _ for your money? Certainly.AvalueBpriceCwealthDcost35、Our country is developing so quickly.I think so. School should care about the full _ of students talents.AsituationBconditionCdevelopmentDstandard36、Have you heard of a new technology about TV?Yes. Its “8K TV”. I believe that it will make a great _ to peoples life.AsurpriseBprogressCdifferenceDchoice37、 Could you take out the rubbish and do the dishes, Tony? Sure! Mom will be angry if she sees this _, I think.AmatterBmessCtroubleDdifficulty38、With the _ of the computer, museums today are different from what they used to be.AinvitationBintroductionCcommunicationDpronunciation39、My grandmother knows the history and medical _ of many plants.AwealthBpriceCvalueDcost40、All the _ was for nothing because the visit was cancelled. Put it away now.ApollutionBconnectionCsuggestionDpreparation【参考答案】1、D解析：D【详解】句意：李先生总有他自己独特的方法使他的课生动活泼。考查名词辨析。surveys调查；instructions指令、指示；works作品；methods方法、办法。根据“to make his lessons lively”，结合选项，可知应是有他自己独特的方法使他的课生动活泼，所以methods符合题意，故选D。2、B解析：B【详解】句意：托尼，你能倒垃圾，刷碗吗？当然可以。我认为如果妈妈看见这么狼藉，她会疯了的。matter问题；mess狼藉，杂乱；trouble麻烦；difficulty困难。根据Could you take out the rubbish and do the dishes，可知屋里有垃圾，碗和盘子没有刷，因此屋里一片狼藉，故选B。3、A解析：A【详解】句意：你知道中国的四大新发明吗？是的。它们是支付宝，高速列车，共享单车和网上购物。考查名词辨析。inventions发明；introductions介绍；attractions吸引；traditions传统。根据“They are Alipay, high-speed trains, shared bikes and online shopping”及常识可知，这是询问中国的四大新发明，故选A。4、C解析：C【详解】句意：如今，寻找信息并不是什么大事。是的。挑战在于我们如何判断这些信息是否真实。考查名词辨析。advantage优势；message信息；challenge 挑战； knowledge知识。根据句意理解及空后“how we can tell whether the information is true or not”可知，怎样辨析信息是否真实是一个“挑战”。故选C。5、C解析：C【详解】句意：彼得对读有关动植物的书很感兴趣。他对动物、鸟类和花卉都很了解。考查名词词义辨析。courage勇气；energy能量；knowledge知识；experience经历。根据“Peter is interested in reading books about animals and plants.”可知，Peter对动物、鸟类和花卉都很了解。have a knowledge of意为“了解”。故选C。6、C解析：C【详解】句意：你觉得建邺图书馆怎么样？ 太棒了！我对它的高标准服务特别满意。考查名词。cost价值；value价值；standard标准；price价格。根据上文“Wonderful”可知，此处指的是对图书馆的高标准服务特别满意。故选C。7、B解析：B【详解】句意：游客是指正在旅行或参观某个地方的人。考查名词辨析。stranger陌生人；tourist游客；guide导游；customer消费者。根据“who is travelling or visiting a place”可知，正在旅行或参观某个地方的人是指游客。故选B。8、C解析：C【详解】句意：由于三星堆遗址发现了大量的珍品，它于今年3月被命名为中国青少年科教基地。考查名词。standards标准；projects项目；treasures珍品；instructions说明。根据“Sanxingdui Ruins was named the Scientific Education Base for Chinas Youth”可知，三星堆遗址被命名为中国青少年科教基地，是因为在这里发现了很多珍品，故选C。9、B解析：B【详解】句意：为什么艺术家不努力让别人理解或喜欢他？ 他不在乎别人怎么看他。考查名词辨析。risk风险；effort努力；suggestion建议；balance平衡。考查固定搭配make an effort to do sth.努力做某事；此处表示“不努力做某事”，用make no effort to do sth.。故选B。10、B解析：B【详解】句意：爸爸，广播在说什么？是说给乘客的。飞往上海的航班正在登机。考查名词辨析。customers顾客；passengers乘客；members成员；tourists游客。根据“The fight to Shanghai is checking tickets now.”可知，飞往上海的航班正在登机，由此可推测出广播是在说给要飞往上海的“乘客”听的。故选B。11、D解析：D【详解】句意：连接镇江和连云港的新高速铁路现已投入运营，节省了大量时间。考查名词辨析。surprise惊讶；spirit精神；silence沉默；service服务。根据“The new high-speed railway connecting Zhenjiang to Lianyungang is now in”可知，此处指高铁在使用中；in service“在使用中，运行中”。故选D。12、B解析：B【详解】句意：你能寄给我一些你的照片吗？我非常想念你！考查名词辨析。magazines杂志；photos照片；phones电话；works作品。根据“I miss you very much!”可知，非常想念某人，应该想要某人的照片以缓解思念。故选B。13、B解析：B【详解】句意：当秋天来临时，树叶会变黄，从树上掉下来。考查名词辨析。mountains山脉；leaves树叶；birds鸟；plants植物；根据“fall from the tree”及常识可知，树叶秋天会变黄，从树上落下，故选B。14、A解析：A【详解】句意：如果你对某事感兴趣，你会更容易长时间关注它。考查名词辨析。attention关心；interest兴趣；progress进步；information消息；结合“you are interested in something”可知是感兴趣，可推测出是关心，“pay attention to”表示“关注”，是固定词组，故选A。15、C解析：C【详解】句意：这件毛衣对我来说，尺寸不合适。好吧，我应该给你拿个大的还是拿个小的?考查名词辨析。price价格；color颜色；size尺寸；material材料；根据答语“Well, shall I get you a bigger one or a smaller one?”我应该给你拿个大的还是拿个小的? 说明，毛衣尺寸不合适。故选C。16、C解析：C【详解】句意：就目前而言，我们可以从书上或互联网上收集许多信息。考查名词辨析。idea想法，主意；method方法；information信息；suggestion建议。根据空格前形容词“much”可知填不可数名词，idea、method和suggestion是可数名词，而information是不可数名词。故选C。17、B解析：B【详解】句意：吴伟，一位年轻的艺术家，受到了艺术界的高度赞扬。考查名词辨析题。A. pride自豪；B. praise称赞；C. promise允诺；D. progress进步。根据句意语境，可知praise符合句意，故选B。18、C解析：C【详解】句意：你能给我一些关于如何度过即将到来的暑假的建议吗？好吧，让我看看吧。hobbies兴趣；knowledge知识；suggestions建议；information消息。根据on how to spend the coming summer holiday可知关于如何度假，这是一种建议，故选C。19、D解析：D【详解】句意：20世纪抗生素的发现给我们带来了巨大的变化。考查名词辨析。invention发明,发明创造没有的东西 ；instruction说明；method方法；discovery发现,是去发现本来就存在的东西；从文字的表层意思推断空格指抗生素的发现；故选D。20、C解析：C【详解】句意：你认识上周从火灾中救他邻居的那个男孩吗?当然!我真佩服他的勇气。考查名词词义辨析，gift礼物；friendship友谊；courage勇气；ability能力。根据“the boy saving his neighbour from a fire”从从火灾中救邻居，可知应该有勇气的，故选C。21、B解析：B【详解】句意：如果你擅长英语，在找工作的时候就多了一个优势。考查名词辨析。method方法；advantage优势；interest兴趣；interview面试。根据“If youre good at English”可知，是找工作的优势，故选B。22、C解析：C【详解】句意：你真的认为你能在几个小时内学到那么多吗？ 对。我们将尝试一种非常有用的方法来处理记忆问题。考查名词。report报告；process过程；method方法；activity活动。根据下文“dealing with memory problems”可知，此处指的是处理问题的方法，故选C。23、A解析：A【详解】句意：这是一张我们城市的地图。看，我们学校在这儿！考查名词辨析。map地图；music音乐；name名字；team队伍。根据后文“Look! Our school is here”在指认学校的位置，可知这是一张地图，故选A。24、C解析：C【详解】句意：我真的很佩服我国不同领域的科学家。我同意。他们为我们的国家，甚至世界做出了巨大的贡献。考查名词辨析。celebration庆祝；conversation对话；contribution贡献；introduction介绍；根据“these scientists in different fields in our country”可知，科学家们为国家甚至世界做出了巨大的贡献，故选C。25、D解析：D【详解】句意：随着服务业的发展，就业人口不断增加，更多的工作机会应该被提供。考查名词。invention发明；pronunciation发音；introduction介绍；population人口。根据下文“more jobs should be offered”可知，此处指的是就业人口不断在增加。故选D。26、A解析：A【详解】句意：李先生，你能告诉我更多关于中国风俗的事情吗？当然。例如，我们通常在端午节吃粽子。考查名词辨析。customs风俗；services服务；symbols标志；holidays假日。根据“For example, we usually eat rice dumplings on the Dragon Boat Festival.”可知端午节吃粽子属于中国的风俗。故选A。27、C解析：C【详解】句意：你能描述一下格林先生的女儿长什么样子吗？噢，她长得和格林先生非常像。我想你能一眼就认出她。考查名词辨析。photo照片；voice声音；look相貌；taste味道。根据回答“Im sure you can know her at the first sight.”可知，她与格林先生有着相似的相貌。故选C。28、C解析：C【详解】句意：你认识一个叫陈杲的中国人吗？确切地说，他的成就令全世界震惊，他成为了数学领域最年轻的博士生导师。考查名词辨析。advantage优点；progress进步；achievement成绩；attention注意力。根据后句“and he becomes the youngest PHD supervisor（博导）in Math area.”可知，应是他的成就令全世界震惊。故选C。29、B解析：B【详解】句意：山姆的勇气值得称赞，但独自从河里救人太危险了。是的。作为青少年，我们最好向成年人寻求帮助。考查名词辨析。humour幽默；courage勇气；wisdom智慧；purpose目的。根据“saving someone from the river”可知，山姆从河里救人，说明他很有勇气。故选B。30、A解析：A【详解】句意：用华为产品的人的数量越来越多。考查名词辨析。products产品；customers顾客；cultures文化；histories历史。根据“The number of the people who use Huawei.”可知人们用华为的产品。故选A。31、C解析：C【详解】句意：将建一座工厂来生产这种新能源汽车。考查名词辨析。position位置，职位；population人口；production生产，产品；pronunciation发音。根据句意可知，建工厂是为了新能源汽车的生产。故选C。32、C解析：C【详解】句意：关于如何在学习和爱好之间取得平衡，我们应该听从老师的建议。考查名词辨析。decision决定；attention关注；suggestion建议；introduction介绍。根据“We should follow our teachers”可知，是听从老师的建议，故选C。33、A解析：A【详解】句意：这个男孩疯狂喜爱足球，但是他没有时间踢球。他发现平衡学习和爱好很困难。考查名词词义辨析。balance平衡；possibility可能性；relationship关系；suggestion建议。根据“The boy is crazy about football but he has no time to play it”可知虽然这个男孩喜欢足球，但是他还要学习，所以他不知如何平衡两者。故选A。34、A解析：A【详解】句意：我听说你买了一辆智能汽车。这辆车能让你觉得物有所值吗？当然。 考查名词辨析。value价值；price价格；wealth财富；cost花费；此处指“物有所值 ”，表达为good value for money ；故选A。35、C解析：C【详解】句意：我们国家发展如此快。我想是这样。学校应该关心学生才能的充分发展。考查名词辨析。situation情况；condition条件；development发展；standard标准。根据“of students talents”可知，此处表示“学校应该关心学生才能的充分发展”。故选C。36、C解析：C【详解】句意：你听说过电视的一项新技术吗?是的。这是“8 k电视”。我相信这会给人们的生活带来很大的不同。考查名词辨析，surprise惊喜；progress进步；difference差别；choice选择。固定短语：make a great difference“有很大差别；有很大的影响”，符合语境“给人们的生活带来很大的不同”。故选C。37、B解析：B【详解】句意：托尼，你能把垃圾拿出去并且洗碗吗？当然可以。我想如果妈妈看到这些乱七八糟的东西，她会生气的。考查名词辨析。matter问题；mess肮脏（或乱七八糟）之物；trouble麻烦；difficulty困难。根据“take out the rubbish and do the dishes”可知，屋里有垃圾，碗和盘子没有刷，因此屋里乱七八糟。故选B。38、B解析：B【详解】句意：由于电脑的引进，如今的博物馆与过去不同了。考查名词词义辨析。invitation（口头或书面的）邀请；introduction初次投入使用，采用，引进，推行；communication沟通，交流；pronunciation发音。根据后半句“museums today are different from what they used to be”可知，前半句意为“由于电脑的引进”。故选B。39、C解析：C【详解】句意：我的奶奶知道很多植物的历史和药用价值。考查名词辨析。wealth财富；price价格；value价值；cost花费。medical value表示“药用价值”。故选C。40、D解析：D【详解】句意：所有的准备都白费了，因为访问被取消了。现在把它收起来。考查名词辨析。pollution污染；connection连接；suggestion建议；preparation准备。根据“the visit was cancelled. Put it away now.”可知，此处表示所有的准备都白费了。故选D。