2018届中考英语基础知识复习检测4.doc

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题型六　词语运用
,贵阳中考五年命题规律及趋势

年份
题型
考查点
2015

A.根据语境或句意，用所给词适当形式填空
polite→impolite(否定前缀)；study→to study(动词不定式)；picture→pictures(名词复数)；easy→easily(形容词转换副词)；wait→was waiting(动词时态)

B.根据语境或句意，选择恰当的短语完成句子
ride my bike；instead of；dresses up；in person；hang out

2014

A.根据语境或句意，用所给词适当形式填空
ride→riding(动名词)；possible→impossible(否定)；I→mine(名词性物主代词)；five→fifth(序数词)；information→information(不可数名词复数)

B.根据语境或句意，选择一个恰当的词组完成句子
put up；not only；keep quiet；sour taste；thousands of

2013

A.根据语境和句意，从括号中选择一个可填入句子的正确选项
salt，salty→salty；written，writing→written；in，for→for；zoo，party→zoo；especial，especially→especially

B.根据语境和句意，用所给词适当形式填空
ear→ears(名词复数)；it→itself(反身代词)；stay→staying(动名词)；good→best(副词最高级)；drink→to drink(动词不定式)

2012

A.根据语境，从各题括号中选择一个可填入句子的正确选项
another，the other→another；relaxing，relaxed→relaxed；agreed，disagreed→disagreed；friendly，friends→friendly；get，to get→to get

B.根据语境和句意，用所给词的适当形式填空
tall→taller(形容词比较级)；two→second(序数词)；make→makes(单三变)；heavy→heavily(形容词变副词)；do→doing(动名词)

2011

A.根据语境或句意，从各题括号中选择一个词填空
yourself，yourselves(反身代词单复数)；success，successful(形容词)；enough，too；to go；not__to__go；surprised，surprise

B.根据语境或句意，用所给词适当形式填空
kid→kids(名词复数)；easy→easily(形容词变副词)；interest→interested(名词变形容词)；other→others(代词复数)

　　词语运用是对学生的书面语言的基本功的考查，它不仅考查学生对单词的记忆能力，而且也考查学生对句子和特定语境中单词的正确形式的掌握。分析近几年的中考题型可以看出考查形式主要有单词拼写、词形转换、词语理解等。这一题型一般在中考中占5%～10%。
综合分析贵阳市近5年词语运用题可知，其特点如下：
1．考查方式上共有以下两种题型，一种是用单词的适当形式填空，每小题1分，共5分；一种是从方框中选择恰当的词、词组或短语填空，每小题1分，共5分。
一般情况下，贵阳市的试题在词语运用部分都是10分，分两种不同的类型考查。
2．词语运用题主要考查学生对于不同语境下英语词形的掌握情况，如对于名词要考虑单数、复数、所有格等形式；对于动词要考查人称、时态、单复数、语态以及非谓语动词等形式；对于代词，要考查代词的各种形式；对于形容词或副词，应注意比较等级的变化；对于修饰语，要注意用形容词修饰名词或代词，用副词修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子；这一题型还常考查近义词的辨析。
3．考点预测：首先，贵阳市的考题在保持稳定的同时，也会有所调整，如贵阳的词语运用题就从选两个词语中的一个填空改为了从方框中选择恰当的词并用其正确的形式填空，相比之前备选的词是在每个小题后面有两个，共有10个词语，而现在变成了在方框中有5个打乱顺序的词语，为此，我们要认识到题型是在变化的，我们的答题策略也应随之调整，但主要的考查内容是万变不离其宗，就是对英语基础知识和词语运用能力的考查。
,解题方法与技巧
A．用所给词适当形式填空
该题型旨在考查考生的英语基础知识和综合运用英语的能力，通常所采用的解题步骤为：明确所给词的词性→弄清所给句子的意思→确定空白处所需的词性→正确写出所填的词。具体操作方法如下：
首先，要认真阅读句子，正确理解句意。
其次，要分析应填词在句中充当的句子成分，正确判断应填词的词性。
再次，要判断所填词应采用的正确词性。若为名词，应注意其单复数、可数还是不可数及其所有格形式；若为动词，应注意人称、数、时态、语态及非谓语动词形式；若为修饰语，应注意修饰名词或代词时用形容词，而修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句时要用副词；若为代词，注意代词的各种形式；若为形容词、副词，应注意等级变化；若为数词，要注意基数词与序数词的正确选择。
B．根据语境或句意，从方框中选词组或短语填空
该题型通常所采用的解题步骤为：明确所给词组或短语的含义→弄清所给句子的意思→确定空白处所需的短语的意思→正确选出所填的词组或短语。

(2015贵阳76～80题)
1．In China，it's ________(polite) to stick your chopsticks into your food when you eat.
2．My teachers always encourage us ________(study) hard on different subjects.
3．Jenny brought two nice________(picture) of her family to school yesterday.
4．The library is between the school and the hospital.You can find it ________(easy)．
5．While I________(wait) for the bus at the bus station，it began to rain.
1．impolite　【解析】句意：在中国，当你吃饭时把你的筷子插进食物里是________的。句中缺少表语成分，可用形容词来充当。根据句意应是不礼貌的，故填polite的否定impolite。
2．to study　【解析】句意：我的老师总是鼓励我们努力学习各门学科。根据句意encourage sb. to do sth.，故这里应填to study。
3．pictures　【解析】句意：昨天詹妮把两张漂亮的全家照带到学校里来。根据句意picture应为复数形式，故填pictures。
4．easily　【解析】句意：图书馆在医院和学校之间，你能够很容易找到它。根据句意这里缺副词，修饰find，故应填easily。
5．was waiting　【解析】句意：当我在公共汽车站等公共汽车时，天开始下雨。主句是过去时，while引导的从句应用过去进行时，故应填was waiting。
,2016备考猜押
类型一　用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空
【解题策略】
1．先弄清楚括号内所给词的词性，这样就能对命题者的出题意图有个大致了解。
2．找出提示词；空格中所填的词的形式，可能受到句中某些词的限制，因此要千方百计地找出提示词，空格前后的词都要兼顾。
3．注意固定搭配。
【题组训练】
A(2014贵阳中考)
1．________ a bike to the side must be a lot more fun.I can't wait.(ride)
2．It is ________ for me to do too many things in two days.Can you help me？(possible)
3．“Who's that girl over there？”“She's Susan，a friend of ________.”(I)
4．Brad is my younger brother.He had a special party for his ________ birthday yesterday.(five)
5．Lots of people surf the Internet to look for some ________ about the missing plane.(information)
B(2016安顺中考)
6．—How are you today?
—I'm feeling much ________ (bad) than yesterday.
7．If you put your heart into studying English，you will be ________ (success) in the future.
8．There are two ________ (different) in the following pictures.
9．I live on the ________ (twelve) floor of the building.
10．Would you mind ________ (close) the window?
C(2011贵阳中考)
11．“I'd like to help ________ with their schoolwork”．“You could volunteer in an after­school study program.”(kid)
12．Teresa likes crispy cookies.They are hard，dry and ________ broken.(easy)
13．Martin was ________ in Chinese history after he came to China and he read a lot about it.(interest)
14．Spending time with our family and friends ________ very important to us Chinese.(be)
15．Our teachers encourage us to join the volunteer project to help ________.(other)
D(2013贵阳中考)
16．I don't think students should be allowed to get their ________ pierced.(ear)
17．Fast food ________ isn't always bad for you，but too much of it is not good.(it)
18．Alex will go for a picnic instead of________ at home this weekend.(stay)
19．“Which do you like ________，football，basketball or volleyball？”“Basketball.”(good)
20．My mother asks me ________ milk every morning because it is good for me.(drink)
E(2012贵阳中考)
21．Emily used to be short but now she is much ________.(tall)
22．“When is Mother's Day？”“It's on the ________Sunday in May every year.”(two)
23．Tina complains that waiting for Sally always ________ her angry.(make)
24．We can't go out to have a picnic because it is raining________outside.(heavy)
25．“Would you mind ________ the dishes？”“Ok，I'll do them right away.”(do)
类型二　用方框内所给单词或短语的适当形式填空
【解题策略】
1．认真查看所给的单词，弄清楚每个单词的意思及词性。如动词一般作谓语，形容词常作表语或定语，副词作状语等。
2．认真阅读所给的句子，弄清楚句子的结构及句子大意，特别是空格前后单词的词性，这很关键。因为空格前后的单词往往是选择所要填入空格的单词的最重要的依据。
3．根据句意，从所给单词中筛选最恰当的单词填入空格中。
4．认真研读完成后的句子，看句子结构是否合理，句意是否完整并符合逻辑，以便确定答案。
【题组训练】
A(2014贵阳中考)
keep quiet，not only，thousands of，begin with，put up，sour taste
1．We can ________ some posters to make people know the latest movie Super Spiderman.
2．After the final exam，________ my parents but also I want to spend summer vacation in Guiyang.
3．“Please ________，boys and girls，class begins，”our teacher Miss Green said in a soft voice.
4．“Which do you like better，lemons or oranges？”“I prefer lemons because I like the ________.”
5．________ Eason's fans went to his concert in Guiyang last month.It's fantastic.
B(2015贵阳中考)
instead of，dress up，ride my bike，
give up，hang out，in person
6．I always ________ to school，and I think it's a good way to keep healthy.
7．Students should find good methods to study ________ doing lots of exercises.
8．Mulan________like a boy and takes her father's place to fight in the army.
9．The teacher advised the parents to talk with their son________yesterday.
10．My mother often told me not to________with my friends on school nights.
C(2014安顺中考)
be willing to，stay up，write down，throw away，take pride in，come over to
11．He ________ to watch the World Cup last night.
12．All the teachers ________ answer students' questions.
13．Don't forget ________ my house when you come to Beijing.
14．If you pass the exam，your teacher ________ you.
15．He never ________ plastic bottles after using them only once.
D(2014来宾中考)
important，go，nothing，danger，have
16．It works well.So there is ________ wrong with your iPad.
17．More and more people are getting to know the ________ of protecting our environment.
18．Don't go swimming in deep rivers.It is ________.
19．How about ________ a party to celebrate his 16th birthday?
20．Why not ________ sightseeing in the mountains?
E(2014十堰中考)
child，take after，lucky，grow up，
communicate，cover，we
21．I hope I can be ________ enough to pass the exam.
22．Nobody can help us.We will have to do it by ________.
23．Teenagers need to ________ with their parents often.
24．What do you think he is going to be when he ________？
25．Everyone knows ________ are a lot like their parents.

沁园春·雪 <毛泽东>
北国风光，千里冰封，万里雪飘。
望长城内外，惟余莽莽；
大河上下，顿失滔滔。
山舞银蛇，原驰蜡象，
欲与天公试比高。
须晴日，看红装素裹，分外妖娆。
江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰。
惜秦皇汉武，略输文采；
唐宗宋祖，稍逊风骚。
一代天骄，成吉思汗，
只识弯弓射大雕。
俱往矣，数风流人物，还看今朝。
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