九年级英语语法总复习专用.doc

.九年级英语总复习专用1.spend,take,pay,cost(1).spend spent spent take took taken pay paid paid cost cost cost(2)I _ some money in buying some books(3)I _ some money _ some books (4)I _ some money for the books.(5)It _ me some money to buy some books(6)The books _ me 5 yuan.2.say ,tell , speak , talk(1) say said said tell told told speak spoke spoken talk talked talked(2) What he _ is right (3) Look at the sign ,it _ “No parking”(4) It is _ that Italy is a good place to see(5) Who is that _?(6) Tom often _ to his mother about it.(7) He _ me to go to school yesterday.(8) He often _jokes to me (9)Can you _ it in English ?3 important = of importance useful = of use(1) It is important or It is of importance(2) It is useful or It is of use4.It is +adj +for +sb +to do sth此句型中的形容词不可以表示人物的性格和品质,常见的有如下: important, difficult, hard,It is important for you to learn English It is +adj +of +sb +to do sth此句型中的形容词是表示人物的性格和品质,常见的有如下:foolish ,clever, kind ,nice ,friendly, politeIt is foolish of you to do that.5.英语中几个合写和分写的区别和应用A, maybe adv 是副词,可用于句子的开头和句中 may be “可能是” 常用于句子的中间,是may情态动词加动词原形构成,可在句子中构成谓语.1. Maybe he will buy the book 他可能会买这本书2. He will maybe buy the book他可能会买这本书3. He may be Tom 他可能是Tom (此句中的may be 就不能用 maybe 替换)B,everyone 只指人不指物后面不能加ofevery one 既指人又指物后面还能加of (1) Everyone can work out the problem(2) Every one of us can work out the problemC,none 既指人又指物后面还能加ofno one只指人不指物后面不能加of(1)None of us can work out the problem(2)No one can work out the problemD, (1)Who is in the classroom? No one 没有人(2)How many boys are there in your room? None (没有人)(3)What is in your box? Nothing (什么也没有？)E,everyday 用做定语，放在名词的前面 “日常的，每天的” every day 用做状语，放在句首和句尾 “每天” We practice everyday English every day.我们每天练习日常用语。F, sometime 过去或将来的某个时候 Sometimes 有时 Some time 一段时间 Some times 许多次G, in time 及时 on time 按时H ,each ,every 的区别 (1) each 可以做主语，表示两者或两者之间的每一个 every 不可以做主语，表示三者或三者之间的每一个 (2) There are flowers on each side of the road Each of us has a book Every student has a book There is a tree every three meters 6.find +it +adj+ to do I find it very interesting to read the story7.英语中有三看（look at , watch , see）两听(listen to,hear)一发现(find)一感觉(feel),他们都有以下的两个句式和宾语从句，下面以see为例： see sb (宾格) doing 看见某人正在做某事，强调动作的片刻，常常和at that time ,then , on my way home, when 等连用 On my way home I saw him playing football. see sb(宾格) do sth 看见某人做过某事，强调某事已经发生完成和动作的全过程，或强调动作的反复发生，并且边被动语态的时候要在do 前加上 to (1)I saw him play football in the street.(指这玩足球的这件事)（2）I often saw him play football in the street.(强调经常看见他玩足球) He was often seen to play football in the street.当上句子的him是he 的时候，就是宾语从句了，如下：I often saw he played football in the street .8.one the other 一个 另一个 some others 一些另一些(1)I have two apples , one is red and the other is not(2)I have lots of friends. Some are English and others are American I have lots of friends. Some are English and other friends are American9. another +数词 “另外几个”数词+ more /other “另外几个”another five apples = five other apples or five more apples 10.比较级中的other 的用法(1) Tom is the tallest in his classTom is taller than any other students in his classTom is taller than all the others in his classTom is taller than all the other students in his classTom is taller than anyone else in his class(2)Tom 比kate 的班级里的任何一人都高（他两不在同一个班级里） Tom is taller than any student in Kates class Tom is taller than anyone in Kates classTom is taller than all the students in his class11.all 都（三者或三者以上） both 都（两者） none 一个也没有（三者或三者以上） neither一个也没有（两者） either or 不是就是(表示两者之间选择) neithernor两者都不(1) All the boys go shopping (2) Both the boys go shopping (3) Not all the boys go shopping (4) Which book do you like ,a or b?Neither . I like cEither.(5) He did not go to schoolNeither did I (我也没有去上学)(6)You can park your car on either side of the road.12. either or ,neithernor, not only but alsothere be 句型都遵循就近一致原则Neither he nor I go to school by bike Neither I nor he goes to school by bike13A,with , together with , but ,besides, except, as well as 等词连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词单复数取决于前者。He as wall as we goes to school by bike everyday. B,动词不定式和动名词做主语的时候，谓语动词用单数 C,时间，金钱，距离做主语时 ，谓语动词用单数D,分数，百分数+of +名词，谓语的单复数取决于后面的名词Two thirds of the students are boysTwo thirds of bread is tasty E, a pair of +名词 谓语的单复数取决于pair 的单复数 A pair of jeans is long F, 当表示一个人的时候用单数The teacher and writer is my fatherG, 当each和every连接两个并列的主语时,谓语动词用单数 Every boy and every girl is comimg.H,当people , police做主语的时候谓语动词用单数J， 当the +adj 表示一类人的时候，如the rich, the poor 做主语，谓语动词用单数.The poor are hungryK， more than one +可数名词的单数形式，谓语动词用单数14. so , such ,的用法与区别 (1)后接单数可数名词的时候，二者可以通用，但语序有所不同，so +adi +a/an +n such +a/sn +adj +n He is so good a boy . He is such a good boy.(2)such 后接复数可数名词和不可数名词，但是当复数可数名词和不可数名词前有many , much , few , little 这四个词的时候,只能用 so . 例如：such fine weather such water so little water so few people(3) so 后接形容词和副词的原级。 He runs so fast15.so. that . such. that. too. to . enough. to , in order to , so as to .16 时间状语从句和条件状语从句，在语法上都遵循，主句如果是将来时，从句（when,as soon as,before,not.until.， if , unless,so long as所引导的）用现在时来表示将来时。时间状语从句的常见的引导词：when,as soon as,before,not.until.条件状语从句常见的引导词语：whether,if , unless,so long as (只要)(1)I do not know if Tom will go shopping 做know的宾语If he goes shopping, I will go ,too. 如果. 表示条件。(2)I do not know when Tom will go shopping.做know的宾语 When he goes shopping, I will tell you .“当.的时候”表示时间(3) I will call you up as soon as he comes back. 表示时间17.if /whether 的用法区别(1) 表示“是否”的时候可以替换 I do not know if/whether go shopping tomorrow.(2) 但是下面有几种情况只能用whether,a. 后面直接接动词不定式的时候 I do not know whether to go shoppingb. 后面接 or not 的时候 I do not know whether I can pass the exam or not c. 做主语的时候 Whether he did that is unknown.(3)当表示如果的时候，就只能用if 18.when / while A 强调动作的同时发生 while后只能接延续性动词，常常是动词的进行时态 when 后面可以是延续性的动词，也可以是暂断性动词(1) I was watching TV while my mother was cooking(2) Tom was wathing TV when I got to his home.Bwhen 也可以表示两个动作的先后顺序When I got to the bus stop , the bus had already left.19.make sb do sth- sb + be +made+to +do I make Tom do his homework Tom is made to do his homework(by me ) buy sb sth -sth +be +bought+for +sbI bought Tom a book A book was bought for Tom(by me )英语中常见的用于被动的结构的句式有be allowed to do sth 被允许去做某事be told to do sth 被告诉去做某事be seen to do sth 被看见作了某事be asked to do sth 被要求去做某事20.but , except,besides , except for But 常常和表示否定意义的词语连用，如no one ,nothing, nobody Nobody but Tom has a atory bookExcept 表示“除了之外”表示排除All the boys go to school except Tom. He is ill at homeBesides 表示“除了还有”常常和other 等表示“另外”之意的词语连用。Do you learn other lessons besides English ?I have five other books besides this one .Except for 表示所排除的部分和前面的不是一个类别。Your composition is very good except for a few mistakes 21.hear 1.听到，侧重于听的结果 2.听说， 常常接宾语从句 I hear that Tom is ill at home hear of 听说，接名词 I hear of his illness at home . hear from 表示收到某人的来信，但是后面不可以接信22.use 的有关的句式 used to do 过去常常做某事 be used to do 被用来去作某事 be used to doing 习惯于作某事 be used for doing 被用来做某事be used as 被用做为什么东西(1) He used to smoke but now he is used to drinking milk.(2)He used to work very late, did not he /used not he ?(3)The wood is used as a chair(4)The knife is used to cut meat The knife is used for cutting meat.(4)He is used to the life in the villege.(5)I use the knife to eat meat The knife is used to eat meat23.make 的有关的句式 make ab do sth 使某人做某事 sb be made to do sth 某人被要求去做某事 be made from 某物由组成（不能看出原材料） be made of 某物由组成（能看出原材料） be made into 材料制成成品 be made in 在地方制造 be made up of 由构成（常指成员以及组成部分） make good use of 充分的利用(1) He used to smoke but now he does not and he is used to drinking milk.(2) The desk is made of wood Wood is made into a desk. The desk is made in Jiansanjiang(3) The drink is made from wheat and grains.(4) Our team is made of five boys .25.at the end of “在的末端” at the end of the road by the end of “到为止” 常用于现在完成时态 in the end 最后 end up “结束” 常接doing 的形式26. do with 常常和 what 连用deal with 常常和 how 连用27.重点短语集合(1).put up 挂起，张贴，临时搭建(2).give up 放弃 常常接doing give in 屈服(3). stay up 熬夜 (4).get up 起床(5.)hand up 举起手来 hand in 上交(6).look up 查阅 (7). put off 推迟（中考） (8). take off 起飞，脱下(9). turn on 打开 turn off 关闭 turn down 减小 turn up 增大(10).look over 检查 look through 浏览(11).go over 复习 (12). turn over 翻转(13).stay /keep away from 远离 be far away from 距远 (14).borrow from 从借 强调 （借入0(15.)lendto 把借给强调（借 出）(16).satop/keeep/prevernt sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事(17).look out 相当于be careful /take care 表示当心的意思 take care of /care for /look after 照顾 care about 关心 ，在意 look out of 从往外看(18).look like 看起来像（指的是在外貌上） take after 看起来像（指的是在外貌上或性格上的相象） (19).问某人长的怎么样的两个句子What does he look like ? （外貌）或 What is he like ?（外貌或性格上） (20).问天气怎么样的两个句子What is the weather like ? How is the weather ? (21). 问“你怎么了？” What is wrong with you ? / What is the matter with you ? / What is the trouble with you ? / What happened to you ? / What is up ? (22).lend to give to show tobuy .sb sth =buy sth for sb (23).ask sb sth tell sb sth =tell sth to sb can not wait to do sth (24.)问职业的几种方法What is he ? /What is his job ? / What is he ? (25). What do you think of sth ?=How do you like sth ? (26). 几个表示建议的几种问法 Why do not you play football ? /Why not play football ? / What about playing football ? /How about playing football? 27后接doing 的几种形式(1) mind /practice /can not stand / feel like/enjoy/look forward to (2) make a contribution to 对做.有贡献(3) have fun (in) doing sth 在做有乐趣(4) 在做有困难 有如下的几个句式have a hard time (in) doing sth在做有困难have a problem (in) doing sthhave difficulty (in) doing sthhave trouble (in) doing sth以上的几个句式都可以用with sth 的形式 (5)某人忙于做某事 be busy (in) doing sth be busy with sth He is busy in doing his homework.他正在忙于做作业28.need 的用法(1) need to be done=need doing 某物需要被做 主语常常是物或事The flowers need to be watered (2)need to do 用于任何时态 We need to study hard (3) need当做情态动词的时候用于否定句中或一般疑问句中He need not do his homework now (4)回答need/must 的问句的时候，有以下的两种形式 Need/Must he go to school now ? Yes , he must /No , he need not /No, he does not have to 29.(1)May I have a look at your book ? 回答的时候借助于 can ,can not 或must not (2)Could you give me a hand ? 回答的时候不用could ，而用can 的适当形(3)肯定的推测用must ， 表示否定的推测用 can not ,如果不是十分的肯定的则用 may /may not(1)He must be Tom in the room. Because his car is here(2)He can not Tom . Because he is ill at hospital.(3)He may be Tom . I am not sure.30. 连系动词的用法 连系动词后接形容词，没有被动语态，没有现在进行时态，常见的连系动词有sound，look ,taste ,smell,feel ,turn ,go .become 等。(1)但是应当注意的是look的用法，当它作为动词用表示“看”的时候，应该用副词来修饰。例如： He is looking carefully at the cat He looks careful.(2) turn 常常后接表示颜色的形容词 turn red go 常常后接表示坏的方面的形容词 go bad31.help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事 help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事 help oneself to +sth 但是此句型不能接表示吃喝的单词如(eat or have ),并且oneself也随着主语的单复数的变化而变化。 Help yourselves to some fish, boys!32.英语中说：价格高于低 ， 东西贵与贱， The price is high . The coat is at a low price. The coat is expensive. 对人口提问用 what 修饰人口的多与少用large 和small33. few ,a few , little , a little 的区别和应用(1)few 几乎没有，强调否定的概念，用于反意疑问句中的时候，后边用肯定的，后接复数的可数名词，比较级fewer He has few books，does he ? He has a few books，does not he ? a few 有一点 only a few 有一点，quite a few相当多，修饰可数名词的复数形式 little 几乎没有强调否定的概念，用于反意疑问句中的时候，后边用肯定的He has little time to play football, does he?He has a little time to play football,does not he? a little有一点 Only a little有一点 quite a little相当多的修饰不可数名词(2)a little =a bit 一点，有点常修饰形容词的原级或比较级He is a little /a bit tired 他有点累a little =a bit of 有点修饰不可数名词have a little /a bit of bresd 我有点面包注：a bit of 也可以修饰可数名词的单数形式，意思是：有点像not a little # not a bit 前者是非常的意思，而后者是一点也不He is not a little tired 他非常的累He is not a bit tired.他一点也不累34 lie lied lied lying 说谎 lie lay lain lying 躺，放，位于 (1)lie 后可接in (在同一个范围之内）on (表示两个地方相互接壤）to (两个地方不相临或有海相隔) Heiongjiang lies in China Heilongjiang lies on the north of Jilin Japan lies to the east of Fujian35.英语中常见的短语be surprised to do sth 作某事感到惊奇 have a surprise party 开一个惊喜晚会 in surprise 惊喜地 be pleased/happy with 对 感到满意 be mad at 对 感到生气 be angry at/about 对某事感到生气 be angry with 对某人感到生气 be strict with sb对某人要求严格 be strict in sth 对某事要求严格 be busy with 忙于做某事 be filled with =be full of 充满，装满 be crowded with 挤满 be worried about 担心.(1)asleep睡着的 , fall (1)asleep 入睡 sleepy 要睡着的,困的,欲睡的(2)Whose book is this ? It is Toms / It belongs to Tom(3)英语中”虽然但是” “因为所以”只可以用其中的一个就可以表达.(4)Watching TV too much is bad for us Is watching TV too much bad for us ? (注意too much 的用法)(5)make room for 为腾地方,此句式的room为不可数名词,不可以加 s (6)pretend to do sth 假装作某事(7)take a message for sb 为某人捎便条 take a message for sb 为某人留便条(9) remind sb of sth 使某人想起了某事remind sb to do sth 提醒某人去做某事The story reminded me of my childhoodPlease remimd me to get up on time tomorrow morning(10) most of +the +名词=most +名词,通常为复数可数名词 Most of the students are boys =Most students are boys.(11)We will do what we can to help others 我们将做我们能做的事去帮助别人.36 too much 修饰不可是数 too many 修饰可数名词 much too 修饰形容词的原级 many more 修饰复数可数名词 翻译成 “多得多” I have many more books much more 修饰不可数名词 翻译成 “多得多” I have much homewoek to do.37.order 订购食物，货物 I am hungry .Do you order any food tor me ? book 订购或预定 房间，票，座位等 Can you book some tichets for me ? in order to =so as to 为了 We study hard in order to make a contribution to our country38.英语中有几个名词或常常接介词to ，这几个名词是key/ answer/ invitation/ visit This is the answer to the question ( 动词） Can you answer the quesition ? （名词） I want to visit Dalian（动词） I want to pay a visit to Dalian.（名词） I want to invite Tom to come here.(动词） I got an invitation to the party. (名词）39.prefer . to . He prefers aranges to apples 与苹果相比，他比较喜欢橘子 He prefers dancing to swimming 他宁愿游泳也不跳舞。 prefer to .He prefers to do his homework by himself. 他比较喜欢自己独自的完成作业 prefer to . rather than . He preferred to dance rather than swim 他宁愿跳舞也不愿游泳。 prefer to.instead of 上面的句子也同样可以用这个句型进行替换，只不过of的后面要加 doing的形式 He preferred to dance instead of swimminng.注意: prefer 的过去式以及过