1、. 考研英语词汇 (精选浓缩版) 主讲人:彭飞词汇是基础 :不仅在书本上,考纲上,日常生活中也比比皆是根解法:词根+词缀初中英语词汇 2,182 高中英语词汇 3,000 3,500大学英语四级 4,500大学英语六级 6,500考研 5,500雅思 7,000托福 8,000 10,000英语专业八级 13,000GRE 12,000 20,000第一部分:英语知识运用*65%的考题是关于词汇,包括对词义辨析、动词词组以及实词、虚词的考察。35%是考语法、逻辑关系、语篇衔接等方面。对词汇的考察通常有几下几种类型的题目:1.词汇辨析(包括行近义异词、形异义近词)2. 词语搭配(包括介词与名词、
2、介词与形容词、介词与动词、动词与副词、动词与名词的搭配等)3. 习语(即一些固定的词组)的意义*根据以上特点,如何备考1. 记熟常用词组2. 掌握词汇的搭配3. 归纳和区别近义词或者同范畴的词 (归纳时应尽量将同一词性或者词根的词放在一起) alive/live/living/lively imaginable/imaginative4. 利用词根、词缀扩展词汇Eg. If you know what the trouble is , why dont you help them to _ the situation?A simplify B. modify C. verify D. rect
3、ify如果考生掌握了一定的词根知识,就能迅速确定D为正确项,因为rectify含有词根rect, 它表示 make straight or right (正直,改正,纠正)的意思,与correct, erect 都是同根词。*大纲对词汇的要求掌握5500左右的词汇以及相关词组大纲对备考中词汇记忆的问题提出几点建议:(1)系统记忆,灵活掌握 a. 词根,词缀知识可以帮助迅速掌握词汇。 b. 同义词,反义词,形近词的辨析 c. 单词的搭配和组合能力 (2)多查词典,特别是原版(英-英)词典 (3)在使用中记忆*词:词汇的准确性与多样性(1)词的准确性Denotation与得体性Connotatio
4、n拼写用法(英汉单词差异,词汇的褒贬色彩等)There is a good cause for me to make this decision.(reason)Its getting dark and cold. Get into my car. Ill send you home first on my way to the station.(take)整理doc.That corrupted official is famous for his lust.(notorious)Statesmen usually speak with tongue in cheek.(Politician
5、s)*单词(大纲词汇)+真题=过线单词(超纲词汇)+真题+技巧=高分Are you ready? Lets go!1.衣食住行穿:transfertransferationtransformertransmittransmissiontransporttransportationtransienttransparenttransitiontransaction衣:uniformunifyuniverseuniversityunit 食吃:ed=eatPhonetic interchangeabilityedibleediblenes 住: parasiteparadisedomedominat
6、edominantpredominantdomaindominion 行: 表示go 的词根visit整理doc.exittransitioninitialize processaccess unprecedentprecedepredecessorexceedvas invadeinvasionpervasiveven interventionconvenientconvenience 2.说学逗唱 说:mence commencecommencementdict dictationdictionaryaddict contradictcontradictioneditionindicate
7、indicationindictindexpredictverdict学:educateeducationeducationaldeducedeductdeductionconductconductorconductivityconducive整理doc.misconductinduceintroduceintroductionproduceproducerproductionproductiveproductivityreducereductionseduce 逗:entertaincontain detainattain retain obtainsustain 唱:solo solois
8、torchestramusicamuseamusement muse3.光彩照人光:gl开头的单词 glacier glacial glass glamour glance glare glimpse glitterglory glorious glow glowing glide gloom gloomy 彩: brown blue green purple yellow pink red 照:photophotography photographer photosynthesis photogenicgene整理doc.gendergenerategenerationregenerateg
9、enregeniusingeniouscongenialgenuinegenerousluminilluminateillustrateillustrationlust人:humhumanhumanehumanityhumanitarianhumanitarianismhumblehumiliatehumidhumidityexhumeinhumeCountry VS PeopleChina Japan AmericaChinese Japanese AmericanGerman Deutsch ThaiGermany Deutschland Thailand4.没大没小没&没英语否定的前缀主
10、要有a- ab- anti- counter- de- dis- il- im- in- ir- mal- mis- non- un- 等。a-ab-主要加在形容词动词前,atypical非典型性的,abnormal 非正常的;abuse滥用、错误使用、虐待;anti-加在名词、形容词前边。最常见的是anti-Japanese抗日战争、anti-social厌恶社会的 反社会的、antidote解毒的药;counter-加在名词、动词前,例如:counterstrike反击、counteract抵抗阻碍、counterrevolution反革命。 de-加在名词、形容词前,常见的例词有decr
11、ease减少,deteriorate恶化,demobilize遣散 使复员、decolour 脱色 漂白; dis-主要加在名词、形容词,动词之前, dis-为否定前缀的词有:disadvantage缺点、dishonorable不光彩的、disagree不同意、disappear消失、disarm解除武装、disconnect失去联系 il-主要加在以1开头的单词的前边,比如:illegal非法的、illiterate文盲的、illogical不合逻辑的; in-常加在形容词,名词之前,如incorrect不正确的、inability无能无力、inaccurate不准确的等; im-加在字母
12、m,b,p之前,这样的词有impossible不可能的、impolite 不礼貌的整理doc. ir-放在以r开头的英语单词前面,比如:irregular不稳定的、irresistable不可抵抗的、irresolvable不能分解的 不能解决的; mal-主要加在形容词名词之前,例如malfunction功能紊乱, malicious恶意的; mis-加在动词、名词前,例词misunderstand误解、misjudge误判、misleading误导、misfortune不幸;non-加在形容词、名词前,这样以non-为否定前缀的词还有non-existence不存在、non-essenti
13、al不主要的、non-electrical非电的; un-主要放于名词,形容词,副词前面,常见的例子有unfinished未完成的、undoubted无疑的、unemployment失业。大&小 Macro VS Micromacroworldmacrostructuremacroscalemacrobianmacroclimatemicroscopemicroskirtmicrowavemicrobemicrobiologymicrofilmdino- 大dinosaur-let 小leafpigbook wall5. 声生不息声:sonsonicultrasonic consonant v
14、oc voiceprovoke evokeadvocate vocation生:viv,virevivesurvivevividvivify整理doc.vitalvitalityvitalizerevitalizevitaminbiobiographybiology Bio-hazard息:restrestless restiverestorerestartrestateLie 躺下Lay 放置Lie 撒谎 mis-加在动词、名词前,例词misunderstand误解、misjudge误判、misleading误导、misfortune不幸;non-加在形容词、名词前,这样以non-为否定前缀
15、的词有non-existence不存在、non-essential不主要的、non-electrical非电的; un-主要放于名词,形容词,副词前面,常见的例子有unfinished未完成的、undoubted无疑的、unemployment失业。 6.以人为本与人有关的名词后缀。一、 从社会层次、地位、工作职务上来看:1、加“-er”可表示“人”,这类词多数情况下表示的人物社会地位较低,或从历史上看较低。例:beginner初学者/新手,driver司机,teacher老师labourer劳动者,runner跑步者/信使,skier滑雪者,swimmer游泳者, observer观测者/观
16、察员,murderer杀人犯passenger旅客,traveller旅游者,learner学习者/初学者,lover爱好者,worker工人researcher研究员,printer印刷工,gardener园艺工,owner主人,wrestler摔交者等2、加“-or”可表示“人”,这类词多数情况下表示的人物社会地位较高,或从历史上看较高。例:doctor博士或医生,tutor(大学)指导教师/助教/监护人,director主任 compositor排版师,collector收藏家, instructor教员/指导者3、加“-ist”/“-an”可表示“人”,这类词多数情况下表示事业有成就或
17、较为特殊的人,例: artist艺术家, scientist科学家 , physicist物理学家,journalist新闻记者dentist牙医,instrumentalist乐器演奏家/乐器家,meteorologist气象学家historian 历史学家,technician技术员,技师,vegetarian食素者也有个别例外,象cyclist骑脚踏车的人,motorcyclist乘机车者整理doc.二、 从性别上来看:通常加“-er/-or”多为“男性”,加“-ess”多为女性 waiter男招待 waitress女服务员 steward(轮船, 飞机等)乘务员, 干事 steward
18、ess (轮船, 飞机等) 女乘务员actor男演员 actress女演员instructor男教员,男指导 instructress女教师,女指导lawyer律师 lawyeress女律师三、 从主动、被动上来看,加“-er/-or”为主动,加“-ee”为被动examiner 主考人、监考员 examinee参加考试者、受试人(被监考者)employer 雇主(雇佣别人)employee雇员(被雇佣)interviewer会见者 interviewee.被接见者,被访问者 四、 有时会直接用表示人的词构词象-boy,-girl,-man, -woman,cowboy牛仔,playboy花花公
19、子,salesgirl女店员,salesperson推销员,workman工人,postman邮递员,workwomen劳动妇女本:bas 低下的;基础basementbaseballbasebornabasedebasedebasedsubbase7.一心二用数字:hemisphere semiconductor demiluneunique carbon monoxide monologue monotonous monopolyprototype primaryprinciple principal princeprincess整理doc.dioxidedichotomydoubledu
20、altrilateraltrilingualtricyclequarterPentagonhexagon SeptemberOctoberNovemberDecember 心:corecordcordial corneraccordaccordinglycourage courageous cardinal8.曲终人散散flo,flu = to run flowfloatfloodfluinfluenzafluentfluencyaffluentaffluenceinfluenceA flea and a fly were in a flue. The flea said to the fly
21、 lets flee, but the fly said to the flea lets fly. So the flea fled and the fly flew. 结束:finfinalfinalefinalist整理doc.finalityfinancefinancialfiniteinfiniteconfineconfineddefinedefinitiondefinite One thing, I dont know why , it doesnt even matter how hard to try, keep that in mind, I design this rhyme to explain in due time. All I know, time is a valuable thing, watch it fly by as the pendulum swings, watch it come down to the end of the day ,the clock ticks life away. So, guys, seize the day! Good luck to you all!感谢您的支持与配合,我们会努力把内容做得更好!整理doc