1、名词性从句请说出下列句子中划线部分在句子中的成分请说出下列句子中划线部分在句子中的成分1.1.The BookThe Book is the resource of knowledge.is the resource of knowledge.What he has said What he has said is true.is true.2.I like 2.I like EnglishEnglish very much.very much.We must find out We must find out who signed the contract.who signed the co
2、ntract.3.He is 3.He is an astronautan astronaut.What I want to know is What I want to know is when we will have when we will have the sports meeting.the sports meeting.4.We 4.We ChineseChinese are hard-working.are hard-working.The truth The truth that he has never been abroadthat he has never been a
3、broad makes makes me surprised.me surprised.主语主语主语从句主语从句宾语宾语宾从宾从表语表语表语从句表语从句同位语同位语同位语从句同位语从句2引导名词性从句的连接词:引导名词性从句的连接词:1 1 1 1、连接代词:既起连接作用,本身又做从句中的主、连接代词:既起连接作用,本身又做从句中的主、连接代词:既起连接作用,本身又做从句中的主、连接代词:既起连接作用,本身又做从句中的主语、宾语、表语或定语:语、宾语、表语或定语:语、宾语、表语或定语:语、宾语、表语或定语:whowhowhowho 、whoeverwhoever、whomwhom、whomev
4、erwhomever、whosewhose、whoseverwhosever、whichwhich、whicheverwhichever、whatwhat、whateverwhatever。2 2 2 2、连接副词:既起连接作用,本身又做从句的状语:、连接副词:既起连接作用,本身又做从句的状语:、连接副词:既起连接作用,本身又做从句的状语:、连接副词:既起连接作用,本身又做从句的状语:whenwhenwhenwhen、wherewherewherewhere、whywhywhywhy、howhowhowhow。3 3 3 3、从属连词:只起连接作用,不充当从句中的任何、从属连词:只起连接作用,
5、不充当从句中的任何、从属连词:只起连接作用,不充当从句中的任何、从属连词:只起连接作用,不充当从句中的任何成分:成分:成分:成分:thatthatthatthat、whetherwhetherwhetherwhether、if if if if、as if/thoughas if/thoughas if/thoughas if/though等。等。等。等。【温馨提示温馨提示温馨提示温馨提示】根据句义,如果连接代词与连接副词,根据句义,如果连接代词与连接副词,根据句义,如果连接代词与连接副词,根据句义,如果连接代词与连接副词,whetherwhetherwhetherwhether、if if
6、if if和和和和as ifas ifas ifas if都用不上时,才用都用不上时,才用都用不上时,才用都用不上时,才用thatthatthatthat做连接词。做连接词。做连接词。做连接词。3【练习一练习一】1.The truth _ the earth turns around the sun is known to all.2.I am very interested in _ he has improved his pronunciation in such a short time.3._ we need is more time.4.Please tell me _ you ar
7、e waiting for.5.No one knew _ dictionary that was.6.Do you know _ is longer,the Changjiang River or the Mississippi?7._ he will come or not is not yet known.8._breaks the law will be punished.9.My question is _ will take over president of the Foundation.10.The reason why he didnt come this morning w
8、as _ it was raining heavily.that同位语从句同位语从句how宾语从句宾语从句What主语从句主语从句who/whom宾语从句宾语从句whose宾语从句宾语从句which宾语从句宾语从句Whether主语从句主语从句Whoever主语从句主语从句who表语从句表语从句that表语从句表语从句4 名词性从句中需要注意的几大问题名词性从句中需要注意的几大问题 当主句时态为一般过去时,宾语从句的时态通常要与主句保持一当主句时态为一般过去时,宾语从句的时态通常要与主句保持一致,但如果从句表示的是真理或客观现象,则仍用一般现在时。致,但如果从句表示的是真理或客观现象,则仍用一
9、般现在时。1.我告诉他我马上回来。我告诉他我马上回来。I told him(that)I would come back soon.2.他说他已经读完这部小说。他说他已经读完这部小说。He said(that)he had finished reading this novel.3.老师说光比声传播快。老师说光比声传播快。The teacher said(that)light travels faster than sound.5 thatthat引导宾语从句时,很多情况下都可省略,不可省去的情况引导宾语从句时,很多情况下都可省略,不可省去的情况有:有:动词后有两个或两个以上的宾语从句时,紧跟
10、动词后的宾语从动词后有两个或两个以上的宾语从句时,紧跟动词后的宾语从句可以省去句可以省去that,其余的宾语从句前的,其余的宾语从句前的that不能省去。不能省去。4.他说展览会很好,他想再去参观一次。他说展览会很好,他想再去参观一次。He said(that)the exhibition was excellent and that he wanted to visit it once more.谓语和宾语从句之间有插入语时,宾语从句前的谓语和宾语从句之间有插入语时,宾语从句前的that不能省去。不能省去。5.就在那时,我第一次注意到我们的老板穿着他那件漂亮的绿外就在那时,我第一次注意到我们
11、的老板穿着他那件漂亮的绿外套。套。Just then I noticed,for the first time,that our boss was wearing his beautiful green coat.6 宾语从句紧跟在间接宾语后时,宾语从句紧跟在间接宾语后时,thatthat不能省去。不能省去。6.6.老师建议我们要重视读和写。老师建议我们要重视读和写。The teacher advised us that we should pay attention to reading and writing.it作形式宾语时,宾补之后引导宾语从句的作形式宾语时,宾补之后引导宾语从句的th
12、at不能省去。不能省去。7.我们都认为史密斯先生被选为俱乐部主席这件事是真的。我们都认为史密斯先生被选为俱乐部主席这件事是真的。We all believe it true that Mr.Smith was elected chairman of the club.except后接的宾语从句不能省去后接的宾语从句不能省去that。8.除了一些不合适的句子外,他的文章很好。除了一些不合适的句子外,他的文章很好。His article is very good except that there are only a few unfit sentences.7 thatthat在引导主语从句、表
13、语从句、同位语从句时都不在引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时都不可省去。可省去。9.9.他考试不及格让父母很失望。他考试不及格让父母很失望。That he failed in the exam made his parents disappointed.10.10.事实是我从来没去过那里。事实是我从来没去过那里。The truth is that I have never been there.11.11.父亲答应给我买辆自行车。父亲答应给我买辆自行车。My father made a promise that he would buy me a bike.8大家应该也有点累了,稍作休息大家
14、有疑问的,可以询问和交流大家有疑问的,可以询问和交流大家有疑问的,可以询问和交流大家有疑问的,可以询问和交流9 thatthat引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别:引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别:that that引导同位语从句时为从属连词,在从句中引导同位语从句时为从属连词,在从句中不作成分。不作成分。12.12.他们比赛获胜的消息是真的。他们比赛获胜的消息是真的。The news that they won the game is true.that that引导定语从句时为关系代词,在从句中作引导定语从句时为关系代词,在从句中作成分。成分。13.13.你昨天跟我讲的消息是真的。你昨天跟我讲的
15、消息是真的。The news that you told me yesterday is true.10 在引导名词性从句时,在引导名词性从句时,ifif只能引导宾语从句,而只能引导宾语从句,而whetherwhether可以引导所有的名词性从句。当引导宾语从句时,可以引导所有的名词性从句。当引导宾语从句时,ifif和和whetherwhether通常可以互换,但下列情况除外:通常可以互换,但下列情况除外:当宾语从句本身是否定句时,用当宾语从句本身是否定句时,用ifif而不用而不用whetherwhether。14.14.他问是否我没买那支钢笔。他问是否我没买那支钢笔。He asked if
16、I hadnt bought the pen.介词后的宾语从句,用介词后的宾语从句,用whetherwhether而不用而不用ifif。15.15.一切取决于我们是否有足够的钱。一切取决于我们是否有足够的钱。Everything depends on whether we have enough money.连接词紧挨着连接词紧挨着or notor not时,只能用时,只能用whetherwhether,不紧挨着时,不紧挨着时两者都可以用。两者都可以用。16.16.我不知道他是否会喜欢它。我不知道他是否会喜欢它。I dont know whether or not hell like it.I
17、 dont know whether/if hell like it or not.11【拓展拓展】1.1.条件状语从句只能用条件状语从句只能用ifif。如:。如:If you have time,please come here.If you have time,please come here.2.2.表示表示“无论无论”,引导让步状语从句,只,引导让步状语从句,只能用能用whetherwhether。如:。如:Whether he will come or not,I will go Whether he will come or not,I will go there on time.
18、there on time.3.3.和动词不定式连用时,只能用和动词不定式连用时,只能用whetherwhether。如:。如:I dont know whether to ask him for I dont know whether to ask him for help.help.12 as if/thoughas if/though、becausebecause也可以引导表语从句。也可以引导表语从句。as as if/thoughif/though引导表语从句时,谓语动词可用陈述语气,也引导表语从句时,谓语动词可用陈述语气,也可用虚拟语气(指现状,用过去式;指过去,用过去完成可用虚拟语
19、气(指现状,用过去式;指过去,用过去完成时;指将来,用时;指将来,用would/should/could/might+would/should/could/might+动词原形)。动词原形)。17.17.看起来好像要下雨。看起来好像要下雨。It looks as if it is going to rain.18.18.他看起来似乎是冰做的。他看起来似乎是冰做的。He looks as if he were made of ice.19.19.这是因为他没赶上火车。这是因为他没赶上火车。This is because he missed the train.20.20.他来晚的原因是他没赶上火
20、车。他来晚的原因是他没赶上火车。The reason why he was late was that he had missed the train.21.21.那就是他昨天为什么缺席。那就是他昨天为什么缺席。That is why he was absent yesterday.13 名词性从句中的虚拟语气名词性从句中的虚拟语气“wish+“wish+宾语从句宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望(常省去引导表示不能实现的愿望(常省去引导词词thatthat)。)。(1 1)表示现在不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语动词用过)表示现在不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语动词用过去式,去式,bebe动词一律用动词一律用
21、werewere;(2 2)表示将来不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语动词用)表示将来不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语动词用“would/could+would/could+动词原形动词原形”;(3 3)表示过去不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语动词用)表示过去不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语动词用“had+had+过去分词过去分词”22.22.我希望我是一只在空中飞翔的小鸟。我希望我是一只在空中飞翔的小鸟。I wish I were a bird flying in the sky.23.23.他希望将来的某一天,他能成为科学家。他希望将来的某一天,他能成为科学家。He wishes he could become a
22、 scientist someday.24.24.我希望你当初别把这一切告诉我。我希望你当初别把这一切告诉我。I wish you hadnt told me everything.14 在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的宾语从句,这类动在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的宾语从句,这类动词对应的名词后面的表语从句和同位语从句,以及这类词对应的句词对应的名词后面的表语从句和同位语从句,以及这类词对应的句型型“It is+It is+这类词的过去分词这类词的过去分词”后面后面thatthat引导的主语从句中,谓语引导的主语从句中,谓语动词均用动词均用should+should+动词原形(动
23、词原形(shouldshould可以省略)。这类动词为:一可以省略)。这类动词为:一坚持要求坚持要求insistinsist;二命令;二命令orderorder,commandcommand;三建议;三建议suggestsuggest,proposepropose,adviseadvise;五要求;五要求requirerequire,requestrequest,demanddemand,desiredesire,urgeurge。25.25.他建议我们下周举行一次会议。他建议我们下周举行一次会议。He suggested(that)we(should)hold a meeting next week.26.26.他的建议是我们下周举行一次会议。他的建议是我们下周举行一次会议。His suggestion is that we(should)hold a meeting next week.27.27.有人建议我们下周举行一次会议。有人建议我们下周举行一次会议。It is suggested that we(should)hold a meeting next week.15