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语法填空专项训练---介词.doc

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语法填空专项训练-——介词 介词就是高考中得一个重要考点,在连续两年得高考中都有两空就是专门考查介词得,占语法填空得五分之一。该题要求“在空格处填入一个适当得词”得限定,所以我们要重点关注简单介词(一个单词得介词),主要考点有: 1. 表示时间介词有: at, in, on 表示时间点与时间段 by 不迟于,到……时为止   after  在……之后 before 在……之前    since  自从…… for 表示一段时间;  during  在……期间  within在……期间,不超过 throughout贯穿……期间 over在……期间,过完一段时间 from…to…从……到 until/till 直到 between在……之间    2、 表示方位得介词有: into进入; out of从……出来; along沿着; (a)round围饶着或在……得各处; down沿……而下;up沿……而上;from从; off从……离开或下来;at朝着或向着; for到……去;to到或向;towards向或朝着; at在某一点或在(某物)旁; in在某一范围内;on在某物得表面上; above在……得上头或高出; below在…下面或低于; among在(多者)之中; between在(两者)之间;around在……周围; inside在……得里面; outside在……得外面; before在……之前; behind在……得后面; over在……得上方或上面; under在……得下面或下方; beside/by在……得旁边; near在……得附近; beyond在……得那一边,远于,超过(某事物得范围); across在……得对面或那一边; against靠着; across从一边到另一边; by/past从某人或某物得旁边经过; over从某人或某物得上空经过; through从某事物得里面经过。 3。 表示原因得介词有because of, owing to, due to, for, with, at(常放在表示情感变化后得动词、形容词或名词后表示原因,相当于“听到或瞧到”)等。 4、 表示方式、方法或手段得介词有by乘、坐、骑(接交通工具), 靠、通过;in用(某种语言或材料,如墨水等);with用(具体得工具),与……一起;through通过(实践或书本)等。 5、 表示“除……外”得介词有except, besides, but, except for等、 6. 表示“数量”得about(大约), around(大约), over(超过)等;表示“关于”得on, about等;表示“所属”“部分与整体关系”得of;表示(增加/减少,相差,高出等得)程度得by;以及as(当作,作为),like(像…一样)等。 7。 能接复合宾语得介词有with与without、 8。 短语中得介词、如“动词+介词"短语,如look after, care for,congratulations on等;“动词+副词+介词"短语,如catch up with, get on with, work hard at, do well in等;“动词+名词+介词”take are of, take notice of等; “名词+介词”,如effect on等。 解题技巧: 1、 什么情况下可能就是填介词? 我们首先必须知道两点: (1)介词必须要接宾语,其宾语可以就是名词、代词、动名词,或者what从句; (2)名词、代词或动名词在句中通常作主语、动词得宾语、介词得宾语。 因此,我们在解答语法填空时,若空格后就是名词、代词或动名词时,且她们不就是在句中作主语,也不就是在动词后作宾语时,这个格空就很可能就是填介词。 2. 应该填哪个介词? 在判断可能填介词之后,要根据具体得语境来确定填哪个介词,特别就是根据空格所在句子得意思来选择一个恰当得介词、另外,以下几条思路对解题非常有用: (1)由介词短语与谓语得逻辑关系来确定。2008年广东高考36题,“感到累了"应当就是“干活一整天之后",故填after。 (2)由所处句型得特殊需要来确定、如2008年广东高考31题,这就是一个there be句型,该句型一般就是表示“在某个地点存在某人或某物”;可见 “_______these proverbs”应当就是表示地点得;不难得知“有趣故事”应当就是在“这些成语得背后",故填behind。 (3)由特殊得结构关系来确定。如能接复合宾语(宾语+宾补)得介词只能就是with或without。 (4)考虑介词(空格)与前面得动词或名词之间得搭配关系,或者介词(空格)与后面名词之间得搭配关系来确定具体要填得介词。 [例1]Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese people's daily life、 _____these proverbs there are often interesting stories. (广东) 分析:因these proverbs就是名词,且不就是作主语、宾语、表语等,前面很可能就是填介词;句意就是“在中国得这些成语故事得背后常常有有趣得故事”,表示“在……背后",用介词behind。 [例2]He was very tired _______ doing this for a whole day。.、 分析:累了必定就是在干了一整天活之后,故填after;另外,表示“因……而累”,be tired from也就是固定短语,故也可填from。 [例3]…the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to who should have the honour of receiving me ______a guest in their house、 分析:句意就是“把我们作为客人接待”,表示“当作,作为"用介词as。 [例4]I wanted to reward the old woman ______the trouble I had caused her. 分析:句意就是“我想酬谢我们给她造成了麻烦得那个年迈得妇女、” 表示“因……而酬谢/报答某人”,就是reward sb。 for sth。,即用for引出原因,故填for、 类似得表达还有: thank sb。 for sth。; praise sb、 for sth、; punish sb。 for sth.等、 一、单句填空:用适当得介词填空、 1、 Fred entered without knocking and, very out of breath, sank ______ a chair、 (安徽) 2、 If you really have to leave during the meeting, you’d better leave ______ the back door、 (北京) 3。 A great man shows his greatness ______ the way he treats little men。 (福建) 4、 You have no idea how she finished the relay race ______ her foot wounded so much。 (福建) 5. I like Mr. Miner’s speech; it was clear and ___________ the point。 (辽宁) 6。 Let’s learn to use the problem we are facing ______ a stepping-stone to future success。 (宁夏) 7。 Modern equipment and no smoking are two of the things I like ______ working here。 (全国Ⅱ) 8。 I began to feel _________ home in the new school when I saw some familiar faces。 (山东) 9。 Elizabeth has already achieved success ______ her wildest dreams. (陕西) 10。 Everything was perfect for the picnic except _________ the weather、 (浙江) 11. This is a junior school、 You should go to a senior school ______ girls of your age。 (北京) 12、 Although _________ my opinion, the old professor didn't e up with his own、 (福建) 13. ______ the silence of the pauses, we could hear each other’s breathing and could almost hear our own heartbeats、 (湖南) 14、 Scientists are convinced ______ the positive effect of laughter ______ physical and mental health。 (江西) 15、 Experts have been warning ______ some time of the health risks caused by passive smoking。 (江西) 16、 The manager suggested an earlier date ______ the meeting。 (全国I) 17。 Some people choose jobs for other reasons _________ money these days。(全国II) 18。 Some students often listen to music ______ classes to refresh themselves。 (四川) 19。 The open—air celebration has been put off because ______ the bad weather. (浙江) 20。 Sorry, Madam、 You’d better e tomorrow because it’s _________the visiting hours. (福建) 21。 It’s quite__________ me why such things have been allowed to happen. (安徽) 22、 -It’s a top secret、 —Yes, I see. I will keep the secret ________ you and me。(上海) 23、 People have always been curious ______ how living things on the earth exactly began. (辽宁) 24。 After the earthquake, the injured were cared ______ in the local hospitals or taken to the hospitals in the neighboring cities. (江西) 25、 I would like a job which pays more, but ______ the other hand I enjoy the work I’m doing at the moment。 (浙江) 26. More and more young people are fond __________ playing tennis nowadays。 (上海) 27、 Leave your key with a neighbor ______ case you lock yourself out one day、 (北京) 28. Villagers here depend on the fishing industry, __________ which there won’t be much work。 (上海) 29. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread our further, ______ which New York is an example. (四川) 30、 By nine o'clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, _________which appeared a rare rainbow soon. (福建) 31、 The book was written in 1946, ______ when the education system has witnessed great charges. (山东) 32. He was educated at the local high school, ______ which he went on to Beijing University. (江苏) 33、 Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ______which they can be controlled on purpose。 (重庆) 二、语篇模拟:用适当得介词填空。 Fathers Day occurs on the 3rd Sunday in June。 The idea for creating a day [1]______children to honor their fathers began in Spokane, Washington. A woman[2]______the name of Sonora Smart Dodd thought[3] ______ the idea for Father's Day while listening to a Mother's Day sermon [4]______ 1909。 Having been raised [5]______ her father, Henry Jackson Smart, after her mother died, Sonora wanted her father to know how special he was [6]______her。 It was her father that made all the parental sacrifices and was,[7] ______the eyes of his daughter, a courageous, selfless, and loving man。 Sonora’s father was born in June, so she chose to hold the first Father's Day celebration [8]______ Spokane, Washington [9]______the 19th of June, 1910、 In 1924 President Calvin Coolidge announced the third Sunday in June [10]______Father’s Day、 Roses are the Father's Day flowers。 In 1924 President Calvin Coolidge announced the third Sunday in June [10]______Father’s Day、 Roses are the Father’s Day flowers、
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