初中英语时态总结(较简单).doc

1、一般现在时：l 用法:1)现阶段经常性，习惯性的动作。例如： I get up at six every morning. He plays tennis once a week.2)现在的状态。例如：My mother is a teacher. She teaches English in a school.3）客观真理。例如：The earth goes around the sun.4）常用于一般现在时态的时间状语：often ，usually ，sometimes ，always ，every day ，never ，in the morning 等连用时。l 构成：主语是I, we, you, they和名词复数时作谓语的行为动词用原形。主语是he, she , it和名词单数时，动词第三人称单数的变法如下：一般情况s以s, x, ch, sh,o结尾es以辅音y结尾变y为ies主语为第三人称和名词单数时：肯定式:S+V/动词的第三人称单数否定式:S+ dont/doesnt +V+其他疑问式:Do/Does+S+V+其他简略回答:(肯)Yes,S+do/does (否)No,S+do/does not 注意：have的第三人称单数为has 主 语肯 定 式否 定 式疑 问 式第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数I am a student.We/You/ They are students.He/ She is a student.I / We/ You/ They/ like music.Many people like music.I am not a student.We/You/ They are not students.He/ She is not a student.I / We/ You/ They/ dont like music.Many people dont like music.Are you a student.Are you/ they students?Is he/ she a student?Do you/ they like music?Do many people like music?l 当主语是第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数时：肯定式: S + be +否定式: S+ be +not + 疑问式: Am /Is /Are + S+ ?简略回答: (肯) Yes,S + be. (否) No,S + be.练习题：1. - May I help you, sir?- Yes, I bought the TV the day before yesterday, but it _.A. didnt work B. doesnt work C. wont work D. cant work2_ the bus until it _. A. Get off, stops B. Get off, will stop C. Dont get off, stops D. Dont get off, will stop3The 70-year-old man _ exercises in the morning. A. takes B. are taking C. took D. will take2. 现在进行时l 用法： 1）说话时正在进行或发生的动作（动作是在说话时正在进行）。例如：She is having a bath now. 2）现阶段正在进行或发生的动作（但是动作并不是必须在说话时正在进行）。例如： You are working hard today.Kate wants to work in Italy, so she is learning Italian. The population of the world is growing very fast.3）频度副词always, forever等词连用时， 表示某种强烈的感情。如：He is always trying out new ideas. (表示欣赏，表扬)4）表示按计划即将发生的动作（仅限于go, come, arrive, leave, start, fly, begin, stay 等动词）。如： The party is beginning at 8:00 oclock.5) 常用于现在进行时态的时间状语： now ,look,listen等。l 构成：be+ v-ing v-ing现在分词的构成：一般情况cook-cooking以不发音字母e结尾的单词。去e,加ingmake-making, taste-tasting以重读闭音节结尾的单词，末尾只有一个辅音字母时.run-running, stop-stopping, 2)肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式：肯定句 ： S+be +V-ing 否定句：S+be+not + V-ing 一般疑问句：Is(Are)+S+V-ing？特殊疑问：wh_+ be + S + V-ing?e.g.主 语肯 定 式否 定 式疑 问 式第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数I am driving.He/She/It is working.We/You/They are doing something.I am not driving.He/She/It is not working.We/You/They are not doing anything.Are you driving?Is he/she/it working?Are you/they doing something?练习题：1I dont think that its true. Shes _ lies.A. tell B. tells C. telling D. told2. How _ you _ with the new job?A. do, do B. do, get along C. are, doing D. are, getting on3- Are these socks yours?- No. Mine _ outside on the clothes line. A. are hanging B. have hung C. hang D. hung3一般将来时l 用法： 1将要发生的动作。例如： I will leave for Beijing tomorrow.2将要存在的状态。例如： This time next year I will be in Japan. Where will you be?3打算要做的事。 例如： Are you going to watch the film on television tonight?3) 常用于一般将来时的时间状语：tomorrow next week in 2008 等。 l 构成： 1. 助动词will(shall)+v2. be +going to +v练习题： 1. I_ for Hong Kong on Saturday. Will you go to see me off at the airport？A. am leaving B. am left C. am going to leaving D. left2.I_ to see grandma and help her with some housework every week.A. came B. am going come C. come D. will come3.We Chinese _ the Olympic Games in 2008.A. held B. shall holding C. are holding D. are going to hold4一般过去时l 用法：1 过去发生的动作。例如： The police stopped me on my way home last night.2 过去存在的状态。例如：They werent able to come because they were so busy.3. 常用于一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday，three months ago，last year，in 1979，等。l 构成：S+V-ed 用动词的过去式。作谓语的行为动词的词尾变化如下：一般情况+ed以e字母结尾的辅音+d以辅音字母y结尾去y变ied重读闭音节结尾的单词，末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写词尾字母+ed2）一般过去时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以be和like为例）：主 语肯 定 式否 定 式疑 问 式第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数I was a student.We/You/ They were students.He/ She was a student.I / We/ You/ They/ liked music.Many people liked music.I was not a student.We/You/ They were not students.He/ She was not a student.I / We/ You/ They/ didnt like music.Many people didnt like music.Were you a student.Were you/ they students?Was he/ she a student?Did you/ they like music?Did many people like music?练习题：1 Mr. Mott is out. But he _ here a few minutes ago.A. was B. is C. will be D. would be2-Hi, Tom. -Hello, Fancy. I _ you were here. A.dont know B.wont think C. think D. didnt know3He promised to tell me by himself when I _.A. come B. would come C. come D. had come5、过去进行时l 概念： 1)过去某一阶段或某一时刻正在进行的动作。 例如： This time last year I was living in Brazil. What were you doing at 10 oclock last night?2)常用于过去进行时的时间状语：at four yesterday afternoon，then，at that time/moment 等。l 构成： was / were +v-ing1）Daddy promised me he _ me a computer A. was bought B. had bought C bought D. would buy2）They said they _ do some sports if it was fine.A. were going to B. went C. would going D. were going6、现在完成时l 概念：1)表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果.常与already, just, ever, never, before等词连用. 如: She has never read this novel.2)表示 “过去的动作”一直延续到现在并有可能继续延续下去. 常与for (后跟段时间)或since (后跟点时间)等连用.如:I have been a member of the Party for 10 years. I have been a member of the Party since 10 years ago.注：在有for 和since 引导时间状语的句子中不能用短暂性动词，应用与之相应的表示状态的词。如： He has died for 3 years.(F)He has been dead for 3 years.(T)注：现在完成时不能和表示明确的过去时间连用。如：in 1998, last morning等 have/has been to 表示“去过”（去了又回来了） have/has gone to 表示“去过”（去了没回来了） 如：Where has she gone?(句中所指的人不在)Where has she been?(句中作指的人在)l 构成：have / has + v-ing2）现在完成时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以be和see为例）：肯定句：S+ have（has）+V-ed 否定句：S+ have（has）+not(havent,hasnt)+V-ed 一般疑问句：Have(Has)+ S+V-ed+？ 特殊疑问句：wh_+have(has)+ S+V-ed+？主 语肯 定 式否 定 式疑 问 式第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数 I /We/You/ They have been here before.He/ She has been here before.I / We/ You/ They/ Many people have seen the film.I /We/You/ They havent been here before.He/ She hasnt been here before .I / We/ You/ They/ Many people havent seen the film.Have you/ they been here before?Has he/ she been here before?Have you/ they/ many people seen the film?练习题：1.-How long _ he _ a fever?- Ever since last night.A. have, got B. have , had C. have, caught D. did, have 2.My bowl is empty. Who _ all my soup?A. drinks B. had drunk C. has drunk D. drank3. I _ you for a long time. Where _ you _? A. Didnt seen; did, go B. didnt see; have, gone C. havent seen; have, been D. havent seen; have gone8中考英语时态真题集锦1.What do you do?Im an engineer. I _ in a company in Wuhan. I like my job very much.A. work B. had worked C. will work D. worked2.Is your father a doctor? Yes, he is. He_ in Town Hospital. A. has worked B. had worked C. works D. worked3.Every year many foreigners _to China to learn Chinese.A. have come B. comes C. came D. come4.My mother will take me to the movie if she_free this weekend.A. is B. will be C. was D. would be5.The girls will have a trip if it _fine.A. is B. was C. will be D. has been6.Wheres Susan, Mike?She _ in the kitchen.A. cooks B. cooked C. is cooking D. has cooked7.Have you got a job offer?Not yet. I _.A. waited B. am waiting C. wait D. was waiting8.Do you think John will help me move the piano?Youd better not ask him. He_ a composition.A. write B. writes C. is writing D. wrote9.Wheres the children, Mr Black?Oh, they _ their PE lesson on the playground.A. have B. had C. are having D. have had10.Whats your brother doing in his room now? He _ a kite.A. makes B. made C. is making D. will make11. -Where is Frank now?-He _ his bike in the yard.A. fixes up B. fixing up C. is fixing up D. fixed12.Mary, could you help me?Wait a moment. I _.A. read a book B. did my homework C. was watching TV D. am cooking dinner 13.Listen，who _ in the room?Lets go and see.A. is crying B. crying C. cry D. cries14.Are you a baby-sister here?No. I _after the baby instead of Ms Green. She is away for shopping.A. look B. am looking C. have looked D. looked15.Whats the best food have you had in Beijing, Alex?Roast duck! I _to a famous restaurant to have it last week.A. have gone B. go C. will go D. went16.Do you know how many gold medals the 23-year-old Michael Phelps _at the 2008 Summer Olympic Games?Eight.A. win B. wins C. won D. has won17.We were in Qingdao last week and _ great fun there. A. will have B. have had C. had D. have18.Yesterday，Tonys family _ a good time.A. has B. have C. had 19.Im sorry youve missed the train. It_10 minutes ago.A. left B. has left C. had left20.Mr Green, _you_ Three Lanes and Alleys（三坊七巷）last Sunday?No, but Ill visit them next week.A. will; go to B. have; been to C. did; go to D. have; gone to21.What did the teacher say just now?He _us not to play computer games all day. A. tells B. told C. has told D. is told22.Inventors have changed the way we live.So they are famous for the great things they _.A. do B. did C. are doing D. had done23.Wheres the cake I made this morning?We _ it, mum. Can you make another one for us? A. ate B. eat C. will it D. were eating24.Have you mended your shoes，Bob?Yes，I_ them twenty minutes ago Ahave mended Bmend Chad mended Dmended25.The office was broken into last nightSomeone thinks you did itBut I_ the whole night with my best friend，John Aspend Bam spending Cspent Dhad spent 26.When _ for Hong Kong, do you know?Im not sure. When he _, Ill let you know.A. he leaves ;leaves B. will he leave; will leave C. he leaves; will leave D. will he leave; leaves27.Where will they go next Sunday?They _ to the Great Wall. A. will go B. go C. has gone D. went28.Has he returned the library book yet?Not yet. Dont worry. He _it soon.A. returned B. has returned C. will return D. returns 29.Look at the noisy kids!Havent you heard the saying “When the cat is away, the mice _.”?A. play B. played C. are playing D. will play30.He doesnt tell me when he_. Ill call you up as soon as he _.A. will come, arrives B. comes, arrives C. will come, will arrive31.If it_ tomorrow, we_ travel outside.A. will rain; will B. rains; wont C. will rain; wont32.Jim, can you help me to wash the dishes?Sorry, Dad. I_ to the shop. A. go B. went C. am going D. have been 33.- _ the latest Time magazine _yet?-Sorry, its late. Maybe tomorrow.A. Will; arrive B. Has; arrived C. Do; arrive D. Did; arrive 34.Susan isnt here now. She _ to England. She will come back next month.A. will go B. has gone C. goes D. went35.How long_ Korean singer Jang Nara _China?Four years. She can speak and sing in Chinese.A. does; go to B./; was in C. has; been to D. has; been in36.Would you like to see the film with me?Im sorry I _ it twice.A. see B. am seeing C. will see D. have seen 37.Lucy_ her dog and now she is walking it.A. will find B. is finding C. has found D. finds38.Hello! Can I speak to Alice?Sorry she isnt here right now. She_ to the shop.A. goes B. will go C. has gone D. was going39.(2008杭州) She_ that same song so many times. Im getting sick of it!A. sings B. sang C. will sing D. has sung40._you _your dictionary?No, so I have to buy a new one today.A.Did; find B. Have; foundC. Are; finding D. Had; found41.I _to Cape Town, so I know nothing about it.A. dont travel B. wont travel C. havent traveled D. hadnt traveled42._you _the film Harry Potter 5?Not yet. Ill see it this Sunday.A. Did; see B. Are; seeing C. Have; seen D. Do; see43.I wont forget my teacher because she_ so kind to me since I came to this school. A. has been B. will be C. has D. is44.May I speak to Tom?Sorry, he is not at home. He _ to Shanghai. A. has been B. has gone C. goes45.In the past few years there _ great changes in my hometown.A. have been B. were C. had been D. are46.Henry speaks Chinese very well. He _ in China since 2002.A. stays B. stayed C. is staying D. has stayed47.Chen Jie, the workers_ our new library already.Really? Ill go there and borrow some books.A. decorated B. are decorating C. have decorated D. were decorated48.Its raining! When did it start?I dont know exactly. In fact, it_ all this afternoon.A. lasts B. has lasted C. lasted D. will last49.Are you going to see the film with us?No, thanks. I _ it.A. saw B. have seen C. see D. was seeing50.They say theres a new restaurant nearby Yes，and it_ for no more than a week Ahas been open Bopens Cis opening Dis opened51.Kitty，will you go to see the film Cold Mountain this evening? No，I wont. I_ it alreadyAsaw Bhave seen Csee Dwill see 52.How long_the film KING KONG_?For just several minutesAdid，begin B. has，begun Chas, been on53.I didnt see you when I came here last night. Where were you?I _ my project at home.A. designed B. have designed C. would design D. was designing54.My mother _ dinner when I came back.A. cooks B. has cooked C. is cooking D. was cooking55. I called you yesterday evening, but there was no answer.OhIm sorry. I_ dinner at my friends home. A. had B. was having C. have had 56. What_ when your mother called you up? Aare you doing B. did you do Cyou were doing D. were you doing 57.I called you at half past nine this morning, but the