英美概况presentation美国饮食文化.pptx

美国饮食文化The eating culture of America英美概况8班 郭萌 41302031饮食文化饮食文化vThe species of food 食物种类食物种类 Eating Custom and Practice 用餐用餐习惯习惯Fast Food 快餐食品vFast-food chains，American-style，are currently on the increase all over the worldMost of these places work on a similar principle There is a long counter，above which is displayed a list（often with pictures）of the items available，and behind which several people（often students working for the minimum wage）are serving Individual queues form in front of each assistant vYou receive what you order more or less immediately and take it on a tray to a table，picking up thing like straws（吸管），（吸管），pepper，salt，ketchup（蕃茄酱），（蕃茄酱），pickles（泡菜）（泡菜）and napkins（usually paper napkins）on the wayIf you cant see any knives and forks，this means you are supposed to eat with your handsIf you cant see any straws，thats because they are hiding in the straw dispenser（分配器）（分配器）that you have to fiddle（拨弄）（拨弄）with the bottom of it to get a straw（one at a time）to emergeWhen youve finished，you yourself throw away everything except the trayvMany fast-food places have drive-in facilitiesYou place your order from your car via（通（通过）过）a microphone and then drive round to a special window to pay and pick it up You may even encounter places where a waitress bring your meal out，and you sit and eat it in the car from a tray hooked over the door through the open windowvYou may be asked if your order is“for here”or“to go”（ieto take away）In some states there is no sales tax on food consumedSoft Drinks 软饮料vFast-food restaurants do not serve alcoholThe soft drinks most often sold are Coca-Cola and PepsiCola，plus fizzy drinks（which are like lemonade）and root beer（which is like cough medicine）Fizzy drinks are known as“carbonated beverages”（碳酸饮料）（碳酸饮料）or，more colloquially，“soda”，“pop”，“soda pop”，and“soft drinks”vAll these drinks come with lost of ice In fact，you will probably find as much ice as drink in your drinkIf you ask for a soft drink without ice，they will think you are funny but will probably oblige（They may charge you a bit extra，for ice is cheaper than Coke）v Eating Custom and Practice用餐习惯vAmerican eating is funny.They eat almost everything with a fork,and it appears that holding a knife in ones right hand longer than a few seconds is considered to be against good table manners.vThe system is that if it is absolutely necessary to use a knife,people take the fork in their left hand,and cut off a piece of meat or whatever it is in the normal manner.Then they put the knife down,transfer the fork to their right hand,and only then do they transport the food to their mouth.This is clearly ludicrous(滑稽可滑稽可笑笑),but it is considered good manners.vThere are several results of this system.First,if it is not absolutely necessary to use a knife,Americans dont use one,because obviously this greatly complicates(使复杂化使复杂化)things,and you will therefore see them trying to cut things like potatoes,fish and even bacon(熏猪肉熏猪肉)with a fork.vSecond,towards the end of a course,since only one implement(器具器具)is being used,food has to be chased around the plate with the fork and for the last mouthful the thumb has to be used to keep the food in place,although one is not supposed to do this.vThird,tables are generally laid with one knife and two forks,the outside fork being for the salad.There is no need for foreign visitors to follow the American system and try to eat the salad with only a fork,but if you do use your knife,remember to save it for the meat course.Even desserts(甜食甜食)(except ice cream)are eaten with a fork if at all possible,and the spoon you see by your dessert is meant to be for coffee(but if you use it for your dessert no one will say anything).美国饮食文化图片欣赏