FOB贸易术语解释(中英文).doc

FB贸易术语解释(中英文)FRE OBAD（、 named port ofshpmen）“Fre onBoar mans that te ell dlivers henth gods as theshpral athe named rt of shipment、 This mans ht thebyrhas t earalostsanriss ofls f rdmagetohegodsfh pt、h FO tm requie the eller t clea the goos for export、hs term abe seoly fsea or inland waterwaytraspor、 f th aris dnot nted t deiverh gods acros th ships rai,theFCAterm shuld hesd、ATESELERS OBATISBTHEUES LAIONSA1 Provsion of goods i cofomity ith hecratTe sellr s ovide he gods and he mercial nvce, orit eqivantelroimesge， icnformtyit the nrc o ale ad any oher evidenc of confrmt winchmay be equirdbythecontrat、 aymt of the pricThe buyr us pay the prc as povidedin the contrc sae、A2 Licences， authoatos and ormalitise sellr ust btnat hisown riskaexpse anexortlicc oroherficia authosatonan cary out, hre aplical1 ,all utoms formalties nessaryfrt ort he goos、B2 Lens,uthoriatisandformalitiesTh uyer mst obtain at hs own riskandepense ny impot lcnceor te oficial authoristio and carry out，whe applicable2, ll cusms frmaitie fo theiport h gsn, whernesary，fotheir transit throgh ny couty 、A3 otscarrige and insurancea) Contt ocarageN obigtinb) ontrat f inraneNo obligatin4 、Cntatof carragadisurnea)tract ofcarriageh buy mst atat his own expenefor hecrriag f the goods fo the naed prof himent、b)Conractof inuraeN olgaton、5A Dlryh eller mut elivr t goodson te ate orwithi the agredpeiodat ned r ofhimandin hemnnrusto ath port on boadthe vessel mnatedb thee、4TkingelivryThe byr mus ae delieryo he gods wentheyhav been deivered in acorance wA4、5Transfe of risksesellr must, ubjec tote roisio f B, bea all riksf lss of or dmag o te gods ut sch tmeas tha assethe hipsail t th nmed pt f shipet、B5Trnsfer of risTe buyemut bea all isksof ls of o damag the goods fom the timetey have assed the is alat henadort of shimnt;n fron t aeed dat or te epidt of th gd eod fordelivery wiharise ecause he ais o gienoticein ardnc ithB7， or bcause vessel nominated by him flails t arriven te， or i unable te te good, or coes fo cargoeali than hte otfied in cordane wt 7, rovided， howeer, ta the odshv ben duly aproprted tcontrc, tt io a, clearly se asie or terwise identified as tecoract gods、Divisio of cossheller ust, subject tterosion ofB6， payal ots rlatng to the gods ntlsu timeas hy have pssed th ships r a the named por shipm; andWher licabl6 ,te csts o custm fomatiesecessry for epor aswel asall dutie, axesad tr chargs ayble upn exprt、B Diso costshe byr ms pay all coss relatig to th godsfrom time tey e asse te ship s rilthenaed portofshipme;adny addiionalcts incr, ih bcethe esse nminated by hm fails to rve n time, or is unablet take the os，orcloses orro erlir than th time niied in ccodance witB7， oecusthe uyer has filedto ive appropiatot acorne th B, prvded, however, that thgoos hve been lyappropriaed the conrat, t is say,clarly set aside r oterwise itfedas te contat g; and wee apicable7,llduti， txes an herharges as wl as the costso carryng out ustoms rmaliies payable uponimpr ofhegods nd or ther ransi hrg ay ountry、A Notice to the byerThe see us gie the buyer suffen otic tt th gods hae eeivrd iaccordace wit A4、B Nice to byerTh buyermusgiv the ell sufcent noticeof the vessel name, oaingpntand quired delver ime、8Prof of delivey, taport domentorequvalentelconic megee sler mustproide he buyet the sellrexenewitthe usul roof ofdelivery in ccordncwith A4、nless hdocment eferredtoin te prceding paraaph s e trnsprt document,th sele ust rederhuer, atthe laters reqet,risk an expense,evry asisnceinbtining anspor ocumen r the cnractocariage (for ample, eoiablllfladig, a o -negtable sa aybill, an inland ater docmnt, a mltidltransport cme)、We thlerand th byer have agre to uniceeecricaly,the ocment eerrd o inthe preceig prgra mabe eplaced yanequialent electronc data interh （I) message、roof of dlr,transportdocuno equivalen electronicesg Thebuyer mst ccethe pof o delveryin acrnc ith A8、A9 Cecng - pckag - arkingTeseller must ay the costs of tse chekig oprons （ chas ccking lity, meauing，ighng, cnting） whic re ncessay for te urpos deliverngth good inacrance wth A、Thesllermstproide at hs w xpenepackaging(nles s usalor he particularrade o shp tegoodso thecotrat descrtion unpacked)which sreqir fo e transpoof th gods, o th etent that thecrcuancesrelaigto the transport (oeample modaities， dstatin)are made knwno th sellr before thecotrct ofsliscnclude、 ackging i obearked apropraly、B9 Inpetnof goodsT buyer must py the csts ofnype shipmen inspction excet when such isptiois mandate by theuhorite of th cunry f eport、A10 OrblitonsThe sler mut rener the buyer at e lters quest, risk andexpense, every assstan in otaining ay documens o eqivaeectonic messages (other than oetionein 8)ssud ortransmittedmte ounof spnt and/r f oiginwch thebuye ayreqire for th iport of hgoos and, whnsary，or rrnsit throughanycoutr、Te sele must povide t uer, upo rqest, wth teneesy ifrman forprocuring inurnce、B0 Oth bliaione buyr muspaall costs adhag inurrd n btainng e cuets r euivetelecnic essge mention in 0 ad reimure thoe cured byhe sllrinrenerin hs assistane in accdac theewi、 Rfr to Inrduton Paragrah42Rer to nroducio Paragraph143 Refer to Introdton Pararaph4 er o nroutinPagra05 efer o Introducio Paagraph06efertontroduction Paagaph14 Refe to Intrdction Pagraph14一、对FOB术语得解释FRE ON BOD(、named po o hpmt），即装运港船上交货(指定装运港)。此术语就是指卖方在约定得装运港将货物交到买方指定得船上。按照2000年通则规定，此术语只能适用于海运与内河航运。但就是，如合同当事人不采用越过船舷交货，则采用术语更为适宜。 (一) 买卖双方基本义务得划分按国际商会对FOB得解释,买卖双方各自承担得基本义务。概括起来，可作如下划分:.卖方义务(1)在合同规定得时间或期限内,在装运港,按照习惯方式将货物交到买方指派得船上,并及时通知买方。(2)自负风险与费用,取得出口许可证或其她官方批准证件。在需要办理海关手续时,办理货物出口所需得一切海关手续。(3)负担货物在装运港越过船舷为止得一切费用与风险;（)自付费用提供证明货物已交至船上得通常单据。如果买卖双方约定采用电子通讯，则所有单据均可被具有同等效力得电子数据交换()信息所代替。.买方义务（1）自负风险与费用取得进口许可证或其她官方批准得证件。在需要办理海关手续时，办理货物进口以及经由她国过境得一切海关手续,并支付有关费用及过境费;(2）负责租船或订舱,支付运费,并给予卖方关于船名、装船地点与要求交货时间得充分得通知;(3)负担货物在装运港越过船舷后得一切费用与风险;(4)接受卖方提供得有关单据，受领货物,并按合同规定支付货款。(二)1941年美国对外贸易定义修订本对FOB得解释14年美国对外贸易定义修订本对OB得解释分为六种,其中只有:指定装运港船上交货” （ Vesel，nme port of shment”)与00年通则对OB术语得解释相近。所以,11年美国对外贸易定义修订本对FOB得解释与运用,同国际上得一般解释与运用有明显得差异,这主要表现在下列几方面:美国惯例把FOB笼统地解释为在某处某种运输工具上交货,其适用范围很广，因此,在同美国、加拿大等国得商人按FOB订立合同时,除必须标明装运港名称外,还必须在FOB后加上“船舶”（Vel)字样。如果只订为“FB anFrancisco”而漏写“Vessel”字样，则卖方只负责把货物运到旧金山城内得任何处所，不负责把货物运到旧金山港口并交到船上。2.在风险划分上,不就是以装运港船舷为界,而就是以船舱为界,即卖方负担货物装到船舱为止所发生得一切丢失与损坏。3.在费用负担上,规定买方要支付卖方协助提供出口单证得费用以及出口税与因出口而产生得其她费用。(三)B得变形在按FO条件成交时，卖方要负责支付货物装上船之前得一切费用。但各国对于“装船”得概念没有统一得解释，有关装船得各项费用由谁负担,各国得惯例或习惯做法也不完全一致。如果采用班轮运输,船方管装管卸,装卸费计入班轮运费之中,自然由负责租船得买方承担;而采用程租船运输,船方一般不负担装卸费用。这就必须明确装船得各项费用应由谁负担。为了说明装船费用得负担问题,双方往往在FOB术语后加列附加条件，这就形成了FOB得变形。主要包括以下几种:1.FOB Lier Tenns（FO班轮条件)这一变形就是指装船费用按照班轮得做法处理,即由船方或买方承担。所以，采用这一变形,卖方不负担装船得有关费用。2FBUdr Takle(FO吊钩下交货)指卖方负担费用将货物交到买方指定船只得吊钩所及之处,而吊装入舱以及其她各项费用,概由买方负担。OB td(OB理舱费在内)指卖方负责将货物装入船舱并承担包括理舱费在内得装船费用。理舱费就是指货物人舱后进行安置与整理得费用。4. Trmed（FOB平舱费在内)指卖方负责将货物装入船舱并承担包括平舱费在内得装船费用。平舱费就是指对装入船舱得散装货物进行平整所需得费用。在许多标准合同中,为表明由卖方承担包括理舱费与平舱费在内得各项装船费用，常采用FOBS(FOB owed immd)方式。FOB得上述变形,只就是为了表明装船费用由谁负担而产生得，并不改变FB得交货地点以及风险划分得界限。200年通则指出,通则对这些术语后得添加词句不提供任何指导规定,建议买卖双方应在合同中加以明确。