定语和状语的区别知识分享.doc

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定语：

什么是定语
修饰成分和被修饰成分之间大多数情况下没有逗号分隔，可以前置修饰，也可以后置与被修饰成分， 大多数情况下修饰句子之中的某一个成分（名词），尤其是主语和宾语。

1. 形容词：

前置定语：单个形容词
The handsome boy
后置修饰：形容词短语
The country different from China is America.
China is a country different from America.

China is a country different from America.
China is a country different from America.

2. 非谓语：
前置：单个分词
Developed country
Developing country
Swimming pool
非谓语后置：分词短语
The water to drink
The man attacked by the dog
The boy playing basketball

3. 定语从句：只能后置
The man who is playing football is eating an apple.

状语修饰：修饰动词（修饰句子中的某一个成分，也可以修饰整个句子）
修饰成分和被修饰成分之间大多数情况下有逗号分隔，可以前置修饰，也可以后置，也可以放在中间，大多数情况下修饰整个句子

1. 副词（修饰主句子里的某一个成分：动词）
He is laughing happily.

2. 非谓语：有逗号分隔，不修饰主句之中的某一个成分
Playing football, he is eating an apple. (表示伴随)
Attacked by the dog, the man cries. (表示原因)

He, playing football, is eating an apple.

He is eating an apple, playing football.

3. 状语从句可以有逗号分隔，也可以没有逗号分隔，不修饰主句之中的某一个成分

The man cried because he was attacked by the dog.

Because he was attacked by the dog, the man cried

特别再谈一次非谓语作状语

同是一个主干成分 “The man cried.” 让 “attacked by the dog” 来修饰， 即可以作为定语来修饰，也可以作为状语来修饰。

1. “attacked by the dog”作状语修饰， 翻译成：“被狗咬了，那个人哭了。”

Attacked by the dog, the man cries. (表示原因)

The man, attacked by the dog, cried.

The man cried, attacked by the dog.

2. “attacked by the dog”作为定语来修饰， 翻译为“那个被狗咬的人哭了”
The man attacked by the dog cried.

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