被动语态.doc

被动语态
英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的发出者；被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。被动语态的谓语部分由“助动词be+ 及物动词的过去分词”构成。be有人称，时态和数的变化。
考点1：被动语态的用法: 不知谁是动作发出者或不必要指出,只需要强调动作的承受者时。
Rice is grown in the south of China.中国南方种植水稻。(不知道是谁种的)
The modern hotel was built last year. 这个现代旅馆是去年建好的。(不知是谁建的，只强调宾馆己建)
考点2：初中阶段主要掌握的几种被动语态
(1). 一般现在时的被动语态 (主语+am/are/is +done)
The desks are made in Bolo. (肯定)
→The desks aren’t made in Bolo. (否定句，在is, am, are 后加not)
→Are the desks made in Bolo? (一般疑问句，把is, am, are 提句首)
(2). 一般过去时的被动语态 (主语+was /were +done)
The building was built ten years ago. (肯定)
→The building wasn’t built ten years ago. (否定句，在was, were 后加not)
→Was the building built ten years ago? (一般疑问句，把was, were 提句首)
(3). 一般将来时的被动语态 (will + be + done) (is /am /are going to +be +done)
A new school library will be built next year. (肯定)
→A new school library won’t be built next year. (否定句，在will后加not)
→Will a new school library be built next year? (一般疑问句，把will提句首)
A new school library is going to be built next year.
→A new school library isn’t going to be built next year. (否定句，在is / am / are后加not)
→Is a new school library going to be built next year? (一般疑问句，把is / am / are提句首)
(4). 含有情态动词的被动语态。(情态动词+be + done)
Students should be allowed to get ears pierced.
→Students shouldn’t be allowed to get ears pierced. (否定句，在情态动词后加not)
→Should students be allowed to get ears pierced? (一般疑问句，把情态动词提句首)
(5). 含有“使役”动词的被动语态
“使役”动词常用的有make, see, watch, notice, hear等。含有“使役”动词的句子在主动时常常的搭配是make (see, hear, watch, notice) sb. do sth. 动词do 前面没有to，但在被动中要把to补出来。即sb. be made (seen, heard, watched, noticed) to do sth. 如：
He made me do the work. 他使我做这项工作。(主动，do 前没to)
→I was made to do the work. 我被他使去做这项工作。(被动，do 前补to)
类似：Tom saw Lucy water the flowers last night.→Lucy was seen to water the flowers last night.
They heard him sing songs in the room last night.→He was heard to sing songs in the room last night.
究竟有没有to,其实有个窍门：“使役”动词前有be, 则有to, 没be, 则没to。
(6). 双宾句的被动语态。
My mother gives Lily a pen. →Lily is given a pen by my mother.→A pen is given to Lily by my mother.
考点3：被动语态中要注意的几个问题
(1). 感官动词(look, smell, taste, feel, sound等)用主动结构表示被动。如：
The flower smells nice.
The cake tastes delicious.
The watch looks beautiful.
(2). 不及物动词(happen, take place, break out, cost等)没有被动语态。如：
Great changes were taken place in China. (错)→Great changes took place in China.(对)
An accident was happened just now. (错)→An accident happened just now. (对)
(3). 动词短语变为被动语态时，牢记不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。如：
The patient is well looked after by the nurse. The new word can be looked up in the dictionary.
The old and the young should be taken care of by us.
一． 对点专练
( ) 1.Chinese _____ by the largest number of people around the world.
A. is speaking B. is spoken C. has spoken D.is speak
( ) 2. My room ________ by myself every day.
A. is cleaned B. cleaned C. has cleaned D.is clean
( ) 3. My father ______ not to smoke any more.
A. told B. is told C. are told D.is tell
( ) 4. Silk _________ in Suzhou.
A. are produce B. is produce C. are produced D.is produced
( ) 5. I wasn’t at home last week. I ______ to give a lecture in Fu Dan University.
A. will be asked B. was asked C. wasn’t asked D. was ask
( ) 6. My pencil _________ the day before yesterday.
A. will be found B. was found C. is found D. was find
( ) 7. The work _____ well _____ and my mother smiled.
A. is, done B. was, done C. will be done D. was do
( ) 8. Do you know when the party ________?
A. was found B. wasn’t found
C. was founded D. wasn’t founded
( ) 9. His letter _______ soon. He can play with you in a short time.
A. won’t be finished B. was finished
C. will be finished D. will be finish
( ) 10. I believe that those mountains ______ with trees in a few years’ time.
A. are covered B. will be covered
C. are covering D. were covered
( ) 11. My birds ___________ by one of my friends while I’m away.
A. can be looking after B. can look after
C. can be looked after D. was looked after
( ) 12. Today many trees are being cut in our country. So more trees ______
A. must plant B. must be plant
C. must be planted D. must planted
( ) 13. ________ the homework _________ the day after tomorrow?
A. May, be handed in B. May, handed in
C. May, hand in D. May be, hand in
( ) 14. The magazines ______ to the library in two weeks.
A. must return B. must be returned
C. must be returning D. must be return
( ) 15. The flowers ________ every day.
A. should water B. should be watered
C. shouldn’t be watered D. were watered
( ) 16. The stars ________ in the daytime.
A. can be seen B. can’t be seen C. can be saw D. can’t be see
( ) 17. Mr. Brown made his students ____the telephone number again.
A. copy B. to copy C. copied D. copying
( ) 18. Many boys and girls are made _____ what they don’t want to.
A. to do B. do C. done D. doing
( ) 19. Jim is often seen _______ basketball at school.
A. play B. to play C. plays D. played
( ) 20. Have you heard me _______ songs loudly in my room?
A. sing B. to sing C. singing D. sang
( ) 21. Lucy was _________ in the next room just now.
A. heard to sung B. heard sing
C. heard to sing D. heard singing
( ) 22. Mr. Johnson’s story _______ by everyone who heard it.
A. laughed at B. was laughed C. laughed D. was laughed at
( ) 23. If the small trees ________, they will grow up quickly.
A. take good care B. take good care of
C. are taken good care D. are taken good care of
( ) 24. The silk dress _______ soft and comfortable.
A. is feeling B. feels C. has felt D. is felt
( ) 25. An accident __________ in Dong Guan park last night.
A. have taken place B. have been taken place
C. took place D. were taken place
( ) 26. The book ______ me ten Yuan.
A. cost B. is cost C. was cost D. is costed
( ) 27. This English song__________ by the girls after class.
A. often sings B. often sang
C. is often sang D.is often sung
( ) 28. A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week.
A. is given B. has been given
C. will be given D. was given
( ) 29. His new book________ next month.
A. will be published B. is publishing
C. is published D. was published
( ) 30. The broken bike_________ here by Mr. Smith. You should get it repaired by someone else.
A. is mended B. can mended
C. can’t be mended D. can be mended
( ) 31. The waiter _______ for a long time.
A. was made wait B. was made to wait
C. made wait D. made to wait
( ) 32. The First World War ___________ in 1914. 
A. broke out         B is broken out 
C was broken out    D. has broken out 
( ) 33. This kind of popular skirts _______ beautiful and ______ well. Now all of them ________.
A. looks, sells, have been sold out
B. is looked, is sold, have been sold out
C. looks, is sold, have been sold out D. looks, sells, sell out
( ) 34. New computers _________ all over the world.
A. is used B. are using
C. are used D. have used
( ) 35. The key _________ on the table when I left.
A. was left B. will be left C.is left D. has been left
( ) 36. Doctors __________ in every part of the world.
A. need B. were needed C.are needed D.will need
( ) 37. Your city looks beautiful! Yes, Lots of trees and grass _______last year.
A. are planted B. have planted
C.will be planted D .were planted
( ) 38. –Where is Mary? –She ________ in the cinema an hour ago.
A. saw B. sees C. is seen D. was seen
( ) 39. My mother told me that my homework ___________ on time.
　 A. may be finished　　 B. mustn’t be finished　
C. must be finished　　 D. will be finished
( ) 40. Jack _________ to speak at the meeting next Monday’s class meeting.
A. is asked B. was asked C. will be asked D. will ask
四．中考链接 (从十五年的广东中考题里，你能否猜到今年会考哪个点？)
( ) 1. English ________ in many countries. (1996广东)
A. is speaking B. is spoken C. has spoken
( ) 2. The TV set ________ in Japan. (1998广东)
A. made B. makes C. is made
( ) 3. The floor of our classroom ________ every day (2000广东)
A. is cleaned B. cleaned C. has cleaned
( ) 4. My birds can _________ by one of my friends while I’m away. (2001广东)
A. be looking after B. look after C. be looked after
( ) 5. I wasn’t at home yesterday. I ________ to help with the harvest on the farm. (2002广东)
A. asked B. was asked C. was asking D.had asked
( ) 6. The magazine _______ to the library in two weeks. (2003广东)
A. must return B. must be returned
C. returned D. must be returning
( ) 7. Two thirds of the work in our office _______ by the computer last year. (2004广东)
A. are done B. is done C. were done D.was done
( ) 8. The 29th Olympic Games ______ in Beijing in 2008. (2005广东)
A. is held B. will hold C. will be held
( ) 9. –Why didn’t you go to the party last night? (2006广东)
–Because I _________.
A. wasn’t invited B. didn’t invite C. haven’t invited
( ) 10. Some famous paintings ______ in the hall next week. (2007广东)
A. will show B. were shown C. is shown D. will be shown
( ) 11. More than two schools ____ in the city next year. (2008广东)
A. are built B. were built C. have built D.will be built
( ) 12. The new library building _________ last week. (2009广东)
A. was completed B. is completed
C. completed D.has completed
( ) 13. The 16th Asian Games ____ in Guangzhou in November, 2010. (2010广东)
A. holds B. will hold C. was held D. will be held
( ) 14. People who drink wine ___to drive after May Day. (2011广东)
A. don’t allow B. isn’t allowed
C. must allow D. must be allowed
( )15. Hot water_____ in the students’ flats from 5 pm to 7 pm now.（2012广东）
A. supplies B. is supplied C. supplied D. was supplied
( ) 16. It _____ last week that the haze(雾霾)in Beijing caused many problems.（2013广东）
A. reports B. reported C. is reported D. was reported

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