衡阳专用湖南省中考英语第二部分语法专题突破专题十非谓语动词.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,专题十 非谓语动词,第二部分 语法专题突破,分析衡阳近,7,年中考真题可知，非谓语动词主要在单项选择中考查，完形填空中仅考查过一次,(2012,年,36,题,),。考查角度包括动词不定式和动名词，分词尚未考查。,动词不定式,动词不定式(to,do sth.)的用法,(2015年29题，2014年29题，2013年26题，2012年26题，2011年24题),1.,作主语。动词不定式作主语时,，,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。有时用形式主语it,作为句子真正主语的动词不定式则被后置。常用句型：It,s,adj,.,(for/of,sb.)to,do,sth.。如,：,It,s nice of you to take pictures for,us.你真是太好了为我们拍照片,。,2.,作表语。常置于系动词之后。如,：,To see is to,believe.眼见为实,。,/,百闻不如一见,。,3.,作宾语(,v.,to,do,sth.)。常见的后面接动词不定式作宾语的动词有,：,decide决定；like喜欢；stop停止；want想要；would,like想要；expect期望；afford负担得起；agree同意；arrange安排；begin/start开始；continue继续；choose选择；fail失败；learn,学习；manage设法；need需要；plan计划；prefer更喜欢；prepare准备；pretend假装；promise,承诺；refuse拒绝；try尽力；hope/wish希望,。,4.,作定语。动词不定式作定语时,，,要置于被修饰的名词之后,，,作后置定语。如,：,I am not free now.I have lots of things to,do.我现在没有空,，,我有很多事要做,。,5.,作状语。如,：,Paul is too excited to say,anything.保罗激动得说不出话来。(结果状语,),He opened the door to let her come,in.他打开门让她进来。(目的状语,),I am sorry to hear that your mother is ill in,hospital.听说你妈妈生病住院我很难过,。(,原因状语,),6.,作宾语补足语(,v.,sb.to,do,sth.)。常见的后面接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有,：,tell告诉,(2015年29题，2011年24题),；ask要求,(2013年26题),；,allow允许；invite邀请；advise建议；expect期望；encourage鼓励；force强迫；help帮助；persuade说服；teach教；want想要；wish希望。,在一些使役动词和感官动词后,，,要把不定式结构中的to省略。常用的有,：,五看：watch,see,look at,notice,observe,三使：let,make,have,二听：listen,to,hear,一感觉：,feel,注,意,二听：,listen to,hear,一感觉：,feel,巧学妙记：吾看三室两厅一感觉。如：,I saw our English teacher enter the office just now.,刚才我看到我们的英语老师走进办公室了。,巧学妙记：吾看三室两厅一感觉。如：,I saw our English teacher enter the office just now.,刚才我看到我们的英语老师走进办公室了。,“,疑问词动词不定式,”,的用法,1.,动词不定式与疑问词连用可用作主语或宾语。如：,When to go to Beijing hasnt been decided yet.,什么时候去北京还没决定下来。,(,作主语,),I havent decided when to leave yet.,我还没决定什么时候离开。,(,作宾语,),2.“,疑问词动词不定式”作宾语时可以转化为宾语从句。如,：,Can you tell me where to buy the,scarf？Can,you tell me where I can buy the,scarf？你能告诉我哪里能买到这条围巾吗,？,1.,too.to.太,而不能,。,讲解详见本书,P71,2.enough to do sth.足够,做某事。,讲解,详见本书P51,3.prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.宁愿做某,事而不愿做某事。,讲解详见本书P46,动词不定式的特殊句型,(,含省略,to,的不定式,),4.Its+,adj.,+for/of sb.to do sth.,做某事对某人来说,是,的,/,某人做某事是,的,。,讲解详见本,书,P31,5.Why dont you do.?=Why not do.?,为什么,不,？,讲解详见本书,P15,6.had better(not)do sth.,最好,(,不要,),做某事。,7.Will you please do sth.?,你愿意做某事吗？,动名词,功能,例句,作主语,Saying so much is useless.,说这么多没有什么用处。,作表语,His job is teaching Chinese in a school.,他的工作是在一所学校教中文。,作宾语,Mary finished reading the novel last night.,玛丽昨晚看完了这本小说。,作定语,We need a washing machine.,我们需要一台洗衣机。,动名词的用法,动名词作宾语可分为两种形式,：,1.作动词的宾语,(2016年29题，2013年25题，2011年28题，2010年25题),。如：,I like playing football very,much.我非常喜欢踢足球,。,2.作介词的宾语,(2012年36题),。如：,I have no experience in teaching,English.我没有教英语的经验,。,注,意,常接动名词作宾语的动词或动词短语：,finish完成；enjoy喜欢，享受；mind介意；miss思念；suggest建议；feel,like想要；practice练习；consider考虑；be,worth值得；by,busy忙于；give,up放弃；be,used,to习惯于；keep,on继续；can,t,help情不自禁；have,fun玩得开心；have,trouble/difficulty in.在,有困难；look,forward,to期待，盼望,。,既可以接动名词也可以接动词不定式的搭配,stop doing,sth,.,停止做某事,stop to do,sth,.,停下来去做另一件事,try doing,sth,.,尝试做某事,try to do,sth,.,设法或努力去做某事,forget doing,sth,.,忘了做过某事（已做）,forget to do,sth,.,忘了要去做某事（未做）,need doing,sth,.,需要做某事（被动含义）,need to do,sth,.,需要去做某事（主动含义）,1.,2.,3.,4.,regret doing,sth,.,对做过的事感到遗憾、后悔,（已做）,regret to do,sth,.,对要做的事感到遗憾（未做）,mean doing,sth,.,意味着做某事,mean to do,sth,.,打算或想做某事,go on doing,sth,.,继续做某事,go on to do,sth,.,（完成某事后）接着去做别,的事,5.,6.,7.,used to do sth.,与,be used to doing sth.,讲解见,本书,P56,1._,(keep)healthy,we need to drive less and,walk more.,2.It is not good to drink plenty of cold water immed,-,iately after _(run)for such a long time.,3.You,d better _,(tell)Oliver about it.,It,s a,secret.,To keep,running,not tell,4.I have a good friend.She always does what she,can _,(help)me with my study.,5.We advise parents _(leave)their,children at home alone in order to keep them,away from danger.,6.Would you mind not,_(smoke)in the,dinning hall?,to help,not to leave,smoking,7.It is difficult for people today,_,_,(imagine),what life will be like in a hundred years.,8.Mary likes erasers.She enjoys _,_,(collect),all kinds of beautiful erasers.,9.I forgot _(water)the flowers minutes ago,and watered them again.,to imagine,collecting,watering,10.,我认为每天早上读英语是有必要的,。,_,_,11.If everyone makes a contribution to protecting,the environment,I,m sure the world will be more,and more beautiful.,_,_,_,I think it necessary to read English every,如果我们每个人都为保护环境做出一点贡献，,morning.,我相信世界将会变得越来越美好。,