全国用高考英语二轮复习与增分策略专题一阅读理解第三节题组练习9人物介绍+科普知识+环境保护+时文报道.ppt

,题组,9,人物介绍,+,科普知识,+,环境保护,+,时文报道,专题一阅读理解第三节题组训练,A,(2017,第一次全国大联考,),Alan Simpson formed,，,with Ray Galton,，,one of the great television scriptwriting partnerships.Their early work with Tony Hancock pioneered what became known as situation comedy.,Alan Simpson was born in Brixton,，,London on 27 November 1929.After leaving school,，,he obtained a job as a shipping clerk before contracting tuberculosis.He became so ill that he was not expected to live and was given the last rites.However,，,he survived.And he met his future partner,，,another teenage TB sufferer named Ray Galton.,They discovered a shared love of American humorists such as Damon Runyon and had both listened to radio comedy programmes,Take,It,from,Here,and,The,Goon,Sho,w,s,.Their first work together was for hospital radio.,Ha,v,e,You,E,v,er,Wondered,was based on their experiences,，,which was played out in 1949.,When Simpson left hospital he was asked by a local church concert party to write a show and he,roped in,Ray Galton to help.The pair also linked up with several other promising new comedy writers and performers of the time,，,notably Eric Sykes,，,Peter Sellers,，,Frankie Howerd and Tony Hancock.They were quickly tired of the format of radio,comedy shows of the time which included music,，,sketches and one-liners,，,and longed for something with more depth.They came up with the idea of comedy where all the humour came from the situations in which characters find themselves.Tony Hancock liked the idea and,Hancock,s,Half,Hour,was born.,It is often credited as the first true radio sitcom,，,although two other shows of the time,，,A,Life,of,Bliss,and,Life,w,ith,the,Lyons,，,were already using the format in 1954 when Hancock first aired.,In 1956 the series transferred to TV and ran until 1961.Another original four series ran between 1962 and 1965 and the show was revived between 1970 and 1974,，,during which time two feature film versions were also released.It proved to be the high point.,Simpson quit writing in 1978 to pursue his other business interests although he and Galton remained close friends.In 1996 they reunited to update some of their best-known scripts for the comedian Paul Merton.,Simpson blamed their later lack of popularity on the fact that shows were commissioned by armies of managers rather than producers.,Alan Simpson passed away today,8 February,2017.,语篇解读,语篇解读,本文主要介绍了情景喜剧先驱者之一,Alan Simpson,与其搭档,Ray Galton,一起创作并出演了很多令人印象深刻的作品。他的作品遍及二十世纪四十年代至七十年代。现在他离开了我们，但他的作品却让我们铭记。,1.Which of the following can best replace the underlined word,“,roped in,”,in Paragraph 4?,A.Persuaded,.,B.Cheated,.,C.Followed,.,D.Ordered,.,解析,词义猜测题。根据第四段画线部分后面的,to help,可知此处意为,“,说服,”,，故,A,项符合题意。,答案,解析,2,3,1,4,2.What can we know from Paragraph 4?,A.,Hancock,s,Half,Hour,was the fourth true radio sitcom.,B.Alan Simpson was one of the pioneers of situation comedy.,C.Eric Sykes,，,Peter Sellers,，,Frankie Howerd and Tony Hancock were,promising performers of the time.,D.Between 1970 and 1974 two feature film versions released made Alan,s,career come to the high point.,答案,解析,2,3,1,4,解析,细节理解题。根据第四段第二句,“,The pair also linked up with several other promising new comedy writers and performers of the time,，,notably Eric Sykes,，,Peter Sellers,，,Frankie Howerd and Tony Hancock.,”,可知选,C,。,2,3,1,4,3.Why were they fed up with the format of radio comedy shows of the time?,A.Because Simpson was not satisfied with their later lack of popularity.,B.Because Alan Simpson and his partners desired something with more depth.,C.Because Alan Simpson was tired of writing and wanted to pursue his,other business interests.,D.Because Alan Simpson thought shows were commissioned by armies of,managers rather than producers.,答案,解析,解析,细节理解题。根据第四段第三句,“,They were quickly tired of the format of radio comedy shows of the time which included music,，,sketches and one-liners,，,and longed for something with more depth.,”,可知选,B,。,2,3,1,4,4.What,s the best title of the passage?,A.Obituary,(,讣告,),：,Alan Simpson,B.The,Achievements of Alan Simpson,C.Alan,Simpson and His Partners,D.A Talented Man,解析,标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了情景喜剧先驱者之一,Alan Simpson,一生所创作的作品以及所产生的影响，他的作品遍及二十世纪四十年代至七十年代。最后提到了他的逝世。所以本文应该是一个讣告。,答案,解析,2,3,1,4,B,(2017,河北衡水中学五调,),Jeremy Kerr,，,a researcher at the University of Ottawa in Canada,，,and his colleagues analyzed more than 400,000 observations of bumblebee species collected in North America and Europe from 1975 to 2010.When the researchers recorded the locations of these bee populations,，,they found that many of the 67 species analyzed were moving northward from their southern limits while the northern edges of the bees,ranges are staying in place.What it results in is obvious.,Bees have been paid more attention to in recent years,，,with populations of honeybees and bumblebees obviously declining in some parts of Europe.Previously,，,attention on the decline of bee populations has focused on causes including habitat loss,，,pesticide use and the spread of bee parasites(,寄生虫,).But the work by Kerr,s team found something different.,“,For every species,，,there is one or two species declining and others that are not moving at all,，,”,says Kerr.This shift has also been observed in other species,，,such as butterflies.But due to a new causethe rise of temperatures instead of total pesticide use,a change in land use or parasites,，,bumblebeesunlike butterflieshave failed to extend the northern boundaries of their ranges into the territory that is now habitable for them,，,so bumblebee species across Europe and North America are declining rapidly,，,the latest study led by Kerr,s team finds.,“,Our data suggests that the new factor plays a leading,，,or perhaps the leading,，,role in this trend,，,”,says Kerr.,“,This study shows that a fourth factor is also beginning to affect it.It is likely that the combined stresses from all of these pressures will have destructive impacts on bumblebees in the not-too-distant future,，,”,says Dave Goulson,a bee researcher at the University of Sussex,Brighton,，,UK.,Exactly what can be done to help bumblebees is not,clear.Kerr,s,team suggests that relocating colonies might be an answer but,Goulson,says that because the insects are mobile they are capable of moving northwards if there is suitable habitat available.,语篇解读,本文介绍了加拿大渥太华大学关于蜜蜂数量减少的原因的一个调查。,语篇解读,5.What does the move of the bees,southern limits lead to?,A.The,birth of new bee species.,B.The,rise of the bees,population.,C.The,evolution of the bees.,D.The,reduction of the bees,habitat.,解析,推理判断题。根据第一段中的,“,they found that many of the 67 species analyzed were moving northward from their southern limits while the northern edges of the bees,ranges are staying in,place.What,it results in is obvious.,”,可知蜜蜂由南向北迁徙会导致它们栖息地的减少。故选,D,。,答案,解析,6,7,5,8,6.What,s the new cause of bee populations,declining according to Kerr?,A.Habitat,loss.,B.Pesticide,use.,C.Climate,change.,D.The,spread of bee parasites.,解析,细节理解题。根据第三段第三句中的,“,But due to a new causethe rise of temperatures instead of total pesticide use.,”,可知蜜蜂种类下降的新原因是温度的上升，即气候变化。故选,C,。,答案,解析,6,7,5,8,7.Which statement may Goulson agree with?,A.Relocating bumblebees isn,t much good.,B.The findings of Kerr,s study are doubtful.,C.The future of bumblebees is still promising.,D.Knowing bumblebees,living habits is the most urgent.,解析,推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知,Dave,Goulson,认为因为大黄蜂是具有流动性的，只要有合适的栖息地，它们还是能够向北迁徙，所以重新安置大黄蜂并非一个好办法。故选,A,。,答案,解析,6,7,5,8,8.What kind of writing is this passage?,A.A book review.B.An announcement.,C.A scientific report.D.An official report.,解析,推理判断题。本文是一篇关于蜜蜂数量减少的原因的调查报告，属于科学报告。故选,C,。,答案,解析,6,7,5,8,C,(2017,湖南衡阳八中质检,),New Zealand will create one of the largest marine protected areas in the world,，,spanning an area of 620,000 sq km.,The Kermadec Ocean Sanctuary(,保护区,)will be one of the world,s most significant fully protected ecosystems,，,the prime minister of New Zealand,，,John Key,，,told the UN General Assembly in New York.,The sanctuary is in the South Pacific Ocean,，,about 1,000 km northeast of New Zealand,，,and expands a marine reserve that surrounds,some small,islands.The,area is considered important in terms of biodiversity,，,featuring nearly 35 species of whales and dolphins,150 types of fish and three of the world,s seven sea turtle,species.It,is also geologically significant,，,including the world,s longest chain of underwater volcanoes and the second deepest ocean trench,，,into 10 km underwaterdeeper than Mount Everest,s,height.The,scale of the sanctuary will dwarf(,矮化,)any previous New Zealand,s protected area,，,spanning twice the size of the country,s,mainland.It,will cover 15%of New Zealand,s economic zone.,Commercial and recreational fishing will be completely banned,，,as will oil,，,gas and mineral prospecting(,勘探,),，,exploration and mining.Key,s government aims to pass legislation establishing the sanctuary next year.,“,The sanctuary is a world-class,，,unspoiled marine environment and New Zealand is proud to protect it for future generations,，,”,Key said.,“,New Zealanders value our coasts and oceans,，,which are an important part of our culture,，,economy and environment and we are committed to managing them sustainably.Creating protected areas will support not only our own fisheries,，,but those of our Pacific neighbors,，,adding to New Zealand,s efforts to help grow Pacific economies through the responsible management of their ocean resources.,”,Nick Smith,，,New Zealand,s environment minister,，,said the sanctuary might impose a cost upon the mining industry but that it is important to protect the ocean before exploration takes place.,“,New Zealand needs to use its vast ocean resources for jobs and exports in industries like fishing,，,aquaculture,，,minerals and energy,，,but we also need to set aside special areas where nature comes first and marine life is fully protected,，,”,Smith said.,New Zealand will monitor the area via its navy and satellite technology.The Kermadec region will join three other key areas in the Pacific protected by the US,，,the UK and Australia.,Matt Rand,，,director of the Pew Charitable Trusts,Global Ocean Legacy(,遗产,)campaign,，,welcomed Key,s announcement.,“,New Zealand will create the gold standard of conservation areas in the sanctuary,，,preserving one of the few relatively unspoiled areas of ocean on Earth,，,”,he said.,“,This commitment is an exciting step toward meeting global goals to safeguard at least 30%of the ocean through fully protected marine reserves.,”,语篇解读,本文主要介绍了新西兰建立海洋生态保护区的有关事项。,语篇解读,9.Why is the Kermadec Ocean Sanctuary important in biodiversity?,A.It has a superior geographical location.,B.It has many different kinds of sea animals.,C.Its environment is suitable for the growth of marine life.,D.It is the only unspoiled area of ocean remained on Earth.,解析,细节理解题。根据第三段第二句,“,The area is considered important in terms of biodiversity,，,featuring nearly 35 species of whales and dolphins,150 types of fish and three of the world,s seven sea turtle species.,”,可知选,B,。,答案,解析,10,11,9,10.Which of the following will Key probably agree on?,A.People are allowed to fish for fun in the sanctuary.,B.All Pacific countries should be responsible for ocean resources.,C.New Zealanders attach great importance to protecting the sanctuary.,D.New Zealand has made great achievement in creating protected areas.,解析,细节理解题。根据文章第五段第二句,“,New Zealanders value our coasts and oceans,，,which are an important part of our culture,，,economy and environment and we are committed to managing them,sustainably,.,”,可推知,C,项正确。,答案,解析,10,11,9,11.What can we infer from what Nick Smith said?,A.New Zealand should develop its marine industry in special areas.,B.The Kermadec Ocean Sanctuary may affect New Zealand,s mining,industry.,C.New Zealand hasn,t figured out how to make full use of its ocean,resources.,D.Measures should be taken immediately to protect the ocean after,explorations.,答案,解析,10,11,9,解析,推理判断题。文章第六段第一句中的,“,.the sanctuary might impose a cost upon the mining industry.,”,说明,Nick Smith,认为建立保护区会对采矿业有影响。故选,B,。,10,11,9,D,(2017,第二次全国大联考,),On the first day of his presidency,，,Donald Trump(,特朗普,)began making changes to the policies of earlier presidents.,A document released by the new Trump White House said the president would soon withdraw from the 12-nation Trans-Pacific Partnership trade agreement(12,国跨太平洋伙伴贸易协定,).The free trade deal was negotiated by the Obama(,奥巴马,)administration.,The White House website said Trump would also work to renegotiate the,North,American,Free,Trade,Agreement,known as NAFTA.,“,If our partners refuse a renegotiation that gives American workers a fair deal,，,then the president will give notice of the United States,intent to withdraw from NAFTA,，,”,a White House statement said.,Neither action was a surprise.During the presidential campaign,，,Trump said bad trade deals had hurt employment in America.,The NAFTA agreement removed most tariffs(,关税,)on products traded between the US,，,Canada and Mexico.It was signed by President Bill Clinton in 1993.,The Trump administration also said it is ready to cancel what it called,“,harmful and unnecessary policies,”,.Among them is the,Obama,administration,s plan to reduce pollutants from coal-powered electricity,plants.The,climate plan was designed to cut gases that cause global warming.,Another is a clean water rule to protect small waterways and wetlands(,水域和湿地,)from development by the Environmental Protection Agency.,Trump has said he wants to cancel and replace a third policy,，,the national health care law,，,known,as,“,Obamacare,”,.,The Trump administration has promised other major,changes.In,education,，,for example,，,there are plans to give parents more choice in selecting schools for their children,，,including private,，,religious schools.,语篇解读,本文报道说：美国新任总统特朗普及其新任内阁将调整或废除以前政府所制定的几项政策。,语篇解读,12.Who would have the US withdraw from the free trade deal negotiated by the Obama administration?,A.The Obama administration.,B.The new Trump White House.,C.The Trump administration.,D.Donald Trump.,解析,细节理解题。根据第二段中的,“,.the president would soon withdraw from the 12-nation Trans-Pacific Partnership trade agreement.,”,可知选,D,。,答案,解析,13,14,12,15,13.In which case will Donald Trump get the US continue to observe NAFTA?,A.Canada and Mexico agree to offer American workers a fair deal.,B.Canada and Mexico agree to renegotiate NAFTA.,C.Canada and Mexico agree to offer workers a fair deal.,D.The partners refuse a renegotiation that offers American workers a,fair deal.,解析,细节理解题。根据第四段和第六段可知选,A,。,答案,解析,13,14,12,15,14.How many policies considered harmful and unnecessary by the Trump administration are mentioned in the passage?,A.One.B.Two.,C.Three.D.Four.,解析,细节理解题。根据七、八、九段可知：本文提到了三个被特朗普内阁认为没有必要而且有害的政策。,答案,解析,13,14,12,15,15.What kind of articles does this passage belong to?,A.Advertisement.B.News.,C.Introductions.D.Announcement.,解析,推理判断题。本文包含了新闻类题材所具有的时间、人物、事件、时效性等要素。故选,B,。,答案,解析,13,14,12,15,.,单词梳理,1.They are still fighting for,(survive).,2.An,(experience)Indian guide is provided during your stay.,3.,(quick)he pulled some money out of his bag.,4.Television has robbed th