安徽省中考英语-第二部分-专题语法-高效突破-专项7-形容词.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,*,第二部分 专项语法 高效突破,专项,7,形容词,高频考点,精讲,考点,1,形容词词义辨析,1.安徽中考常考形容词(按字母音序列举)(8年39考),active,活跃的,(2017.40),afraid,害怕的,，,畏惧的,alive,活着的,(2009.58),angry,生气的,available,可获得的,(2009.35),brave,勇敢的,(2016.65),bright,明亮的,(2012.67),busy,忙碌的,(2012.68,，,2011.53),careful,仔细的,cheap,便宜的,comfortable,舒适的,cold,冷的,(2017.49),common,普通的,，,常见的,(,2012.53),cool,妙极的,，,酷的,crazy,疯狂的,deep,深的,(2010.51),different,不同的,(2013.68),difficult,困难的,(2017.46),encouraging,鼓舞人心的,(2010.60),excellent,优秀的,exciting,使人激动的,fair,公正的,，,公平,free,免费的,，,空闲的,funny,有趣的,，,滑稽的,heavy,重的,friendly,友好的,hard,困难的,healthy,健康的,(2017.56),honest,诚实的,important,重要的,(2012.70,，,2009.62,),impossible,不可能的,(2011.56),interesting,有趣的,light,轻的,long,长的,(2013.62),loud,响亮的,，,大声的,lovely,可爱的,early,早的,(2013.45),easy,简单的,(2014.31,，,2012.52,),empty,空的,low,低的,more,更多的,(2012.32),necessary,必要的,(2010.48),noisy,吵闹的,past,过去的,patient,耐,心的,(,2016.39),pleasant,愉快的,polite,礼貌的,poor,贫穷的,(2017.48),popular,流行的,(2015.41),possible,可能的,present,现在的,(2009.60),proud自豪的(2011.32),quiet安静的,rainy下雨的(2012.59),repeated重复的(2009.61),same相同的(2017.52),serious严肃的,similar相似的,simple简单的(2011.59),single单一的，单个的(2013.58),sleepy,睡着的,special,特别的,(2013.41,，,2010.64,),strange,奇怪的,(2013.56),strong,强烈的,，,强壮的,successful,成功的,unfair,不公平的,useful,有用的,warm,温暖的,wrong,错误的,weak,虚弱的,wise,明智的,(2017.91),young,年轻的,(2017.61,，,2,015.48),2,可与,feel,搭配的情感、情绪类形容词,bored,厌烦的,excited,兴奋的,fantastic,极好的,(2012.38),happy,快乐的,interested,感兴趣的,lonely,孤独的,nervous,紧张的,relaxed,放松的,(2009.65),sad,悲伤的,(2015.63),strange,奇怪的,terrible,糟糕的,tired,疲惫的,3以,-,ful结尾的形容词,beautiful,美丽的,careful,仔细的,，,小心的,harmful,有害的,helpful,有帮助的,(2014.60),peaceful,和平的,，,安宁的,successful,成功的,thankful,感激的,truthful,诚实的,useful,有用的,wonderful,精彩的,grateful,感恩的,powerful,强大的,4可以构成,“,beadj.for/of/with,”,结构的形容词,be bad for,对,有坏处,be eager for,渴望,be easy for,对,是容易的,be famous for,因,而出名,be good for,对,有好处,be sorry for,为,感到抱歉,be thirsty for,渴望,be afraid of,害怕,be careful,对,小心,be certain of,对,确信,be fond of,喜欢,be proud of,为,感,到自豪,(,2016.56,，,2015.50,),be short of,短缺,be sure of,对,有把握,be tired of,对,感到厌倦,be angry with,对,生气,be busy with,忙于,be filled with,充满,be patient with,对,容忍的,，,对,有耐心,be pleased with,对,感到满意,(2014.64),be strict with,对,严厉,5形容词的常用句型,(1),“,It,sadj.of sb.to do sth.,”,表示,“,某人做某事是,的,”,，此句中的形容通常用描述行为者性格、品质等的形容词，如good，kind，nice，polite，clever，careful，careless 等。如：It,s very kind of you to help me.You are very kind to help me.你能帮我真好。,(2),“,It,sadj.for sb.to do sth.,”,表示,“,做某事对某人来说,”,。这一句型中常用的形容词有：important，difficult，easy，hard，dangerous，safe，useful，interesting 等。如：It,s not easy for them to learn a foreign language.To learn a foreign language is not easy for them.对他们来说学习一门外语不容易。,6,-,ing形容词和,-,ed形容词,-,ing形容词表示主动意义，多指事物对人的影响，一般修饰事物；,-,ed形容词表示被动意义，多指人对事物的感受，常用于,“,sbbe,-,ed形容词介词,”,结构。,-ing,形容词,-ed,形容词,例句,interesting,有趣的,interested,感兴趣的,I have an interesting book.,我有一本有趣的书。,He is interested in music.,他对音乐感兴趣。,exciting,令人兴奋的,excited,感到兴,奋地,Have you heard of the exciting news,？你听说这个令人兴奋的消息了吗？,We are excited about the traveling.,我们对这次旅行感到很兴奋。,pleasing,令人愉快的,pleased,感到愉快,/,满意的,This is a pleasing trip.,这是一次愉快的旅行。,The teacher is pleased with our performance.,老师对我们的表现很满意,。,relaxing,令人放松的,relaxed,感到放松的,The song is very relaxing.,这首歌令人放松。,We feel relaxed at the beach.,在沙滩上我们感觉很放松。,moving,令人感动的,moved,受感动的,Titanic is a moving movie.,泰坦尼克号,是一部感人的电影。,We are moved by the story.,我们被这个故事感动了。,fascinating,迷人的,fascinated,着迷的,What a fascinating voice,！多么好听的声音！,Many boys are fascinated by computer games.,很多男孩对电脑游戏着迷。,7常见形容词词义辨析,(1)alive，live，living与lively 见第19讲高频考点精讲考点3,(2)alone与lonely见第12讲高频考点精讲考点5,(3)big，large，great与huge,big,可以指程度、体积、重量等方面,，,使用最广,，,常用于口语中,The box is too big to carry.,这个盒子太大,，,拿不了。,large,侧重指面积、体积和数量等。比较正式,，,不常用来指人。表示物时,，,可与,big,通用,A large number of people came from all parts of the country to see the exhibition.,从全,国各地来了很多人观看展览。,great,侧重于形容抽象化的东西,，,常带有主观色彩。也可以修饰人或物,，,指人时,，,表示,“,伟大的,，,杰出的,”,Great changes have taken place in our country in recent years.,近几年来,，,我们国家发生了很大变化。,huge,强调尺寸、体积、容量,“,巨大的,”,，,指体积时,，,比,large,，,great,所指的体积大,，,但不强调重量,There is a huge stone over there.,那边有一块巨大的石头。,(4)fine，good，nice，excellent与well,fine,多用来表示,“,(,身体,),健康的,”,，,还可以表示,“,(,天气,),晴朗的,”,How are you,？你好吗？,I,m fine,，,thank you.,我很好,，,谢谢你。,It is a fine day today.,今天是个好天气。,good,可以指人的品质好或产品,质量好等,Jim is a good student.,吉姆是个好学生。,nice,往往带一定的感情色彩,，,强调人的感觉,，,含有,“,美好的,，,美味的,，,漂亮的,”,等意思,It,s very nice of you.,你真是太好了。,excellent,通常指,“,极好的,，,优秀的,，,卓越的,”,He is an excellent swimmer.,他是一名优秀的游泳运动员。,well,作形容词时,，,意为,“,(,身体,),健康的,”,；还可作副词,，,意为,“,(,做得,),好,”,，,修饰动词,I,m quite well.,我很健康。,(5)high与tall,(6)ill与sick,high,用于形容山脉、建筑物以及不与地面接触的人或动物；还有,“,高等的,，,高级的,”,之意,The plane is so high in the sky.,飞机在空中这么高。,tall,用于形容人、动物或树木的高,You are not as tall as he.,你没有他,高。,ill,作,“,生病的,”,讲时,，,只作表语,He was ill last month.,上个月他生病了。,sick,作,“,生病的,”,讲时,，,既可作表语也可作定语,She is looking after her sick father.,她在照顾她生病的父亲。,(7)pleased，pleasant与pleasure,pleased,形容词,，,只作表语,，,主语是人,，,常用于,be pleased with,中,He doesn,t mind.In fact,，,he is even pleased.,他不介意,，,事实上,，,他很乐意。,pleasant,形容词,，,作表语时,，,主语为物；作定语时,，,修饰人或物,Wish you a pleasant stay here,！希望你在这里过得愉快！,pleasure,名词,，,意思是,“,愉快,，,高兴,”,It,s my pleasure to meet you.,认识你是我的荣幸。,(8)a few，few与a little，little,a,few,后接可数名词复数,意为,“,有一些,”,。表肯定推测,You look sad,，,Kate.,你看起来,很伤心,，,凯特。,Yeah,，,I have made a few mistakes in my report.,是的,，,我在报告中犯了一些错误。,few,意为,“,几乎没有,”,表否定推测,Several years ago few people knew Zhang Jie,，,but now he is famous in China.,几年前,，,很少有人认识张杰,，,但现在他在中国很有名。,a little,后接不可数名词,意为,“,有一点,”,，,表肯定推测,We need some more coffee.There is only a little left.,我们还需要一些咖啡。只剩下一点点了。,little,意为,“,几乎没有,”,，,表否定推测,There is little milk in the fridge.Can you go and buy some,？冰箱里几乎没有牛奶了。你能去买一些吗？,考点,2,形容词的用法,1.形容词语法功能,功能,例句,特例,定语,She is a beautiful girl.,她是一个美丽的女孩。,1.,只作表语，不作定语的形容词：,alone,，,afraid,，,asleep,，,ill,，,awake,等；,2,只作定语，不作表语的形容词：,little,，,many,，,wooden,，,golden,等。,表语,The meal is very delicious.,这顿饭很美味。,宾语补足语,You must keep the classroom clean.,你必须保持教室清洁。,注意：,多个形容词作前置定语修饰一个名词时，应遵循以下顺序：描述性形容词形状新旧,(,年龄,),颜色地区,(,产地,),材料用途名词,(,描、形、年、颜、地、材、途,),。如：,Its a nice big old black Chinese wooden writing desk.,它是一张又好又大的陈旧的中国木质书桌。,2常见形容词后缀,-y,后缀,cloud,cloudy,；,wind,windy,；,sun,sunny,；,fun,funny,；,luck,lucky,；,noise,noisy,；,sleep,sleepy,；,health,healthy,-ly,后缀,friend,friendly,；,love,lovely,；,live,lively,；,week,weekly,；,day,daily,-ful,后缀,care,careful,；,use,useful,；,beauty,beautiful,-al,后缀,education,educational,；,person,personal,；,tradition,traditional,；,center,central,；,music,musical,；,medicine,medical,；,nature,natural,否定后缀,-less,care,careless,；,home,homeless,-en,后缀,wood,wooden,；,gold,golden,修饰事物的后缀,-ing,excite,exciting,；,interest,interesting,；,surprise,surprising,；,amaze,amazing,修饰人的后缀,-ed,excite,excited,；,interest,interested,；,surprise,surprised,；,amaze,amazed,表示方位后缀,-ern,west,western,；,east,eastern,；,south,southern,；,north,northern,表示大洲和国家的后缀,-n,Asia,Asian,；,America,American,；,Russia,Russian,；,Africa,African,3常见形容词前缀,否定前缀,un-,lucky,unlucky,；,fair,unfair,；,usual,unusual,；,happy,unhappy,否定前缀,dis-,honest,dishonest,否定前缀,im-,polite,impolite,；,possible,impossible,考点3,形容词的比较等级,1.形容词的比较等级的构成,情况,变化规则,例,词,规则变化,大多数情况,直接加,-er,和,-est,tall,taller,tallest,；,long,longer,longest,以不发音的字母,e,结尾,在词尾直接加,-r,和,-st,nice,nicer,nicest,；,large,larger,largest,以辅音字母,y,结尾,把,y,变为,i,，,再加,-er,和,-est,heavy,heavier,heaviest,；,easy,easier,easiest,重读闭音节,，,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母,，,再加,-er,和,-est,big,bigger,biggest,；,thin,thinner,thinnest,；,hot,hotter,hottest,多音节词和部分双音节词,在原级前加,more,和,most(,表示否定加,less,或,least),beautiful,more beautiful,most beautiful,impor,tant,more important,most important,不规则,变化,goodbetterbest,；,much/manymoremost,；,bad/illworseworst,；,farfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest,；,oldolder/elderoldest/eldest,；,littlelessleast,级别,用法,例句,比较级,A,和,B,两者相比较,结构,AB,A,be,形容词比较级,than,B,Who/Which,be,形容词比较级,，,A or B?,由表示程度的副词,a little,，,a b,it,，,a few,，,a lot,，,much,，,even,，,still,，,far,，,rather,，,any,等修,饰形容词时,，,该形容词可以用比较级,Tokyo is bigger than New York.,东京比纽约大。,Who is taller,，,Li Lei or Wang Jun,？李雷和王军谁高？,Which is more interesting,，,this book or that one,？这本书和那本书哪一个比较有趣？,This kind of watch is much cheaper today th,an last month.,现在这款手表比上个月便宜多了。,2形容词比较等级的用法,(1)形容词比较等级的基本用法,级别,用法,例句,比较级,A,和,B,两者相比较,结构,A,B,A,be,as,形容词原级,as,B,Wang Jun is as tall as Li Lei.,王军和李雷一样高。,AB,A,(,否定,)be,as/so,形容词原级,as,B,A,be,less,原级,than,B,This book is not as/so interesting as that one.,This book is less interesting than that one.,这本书不如那本书有趣。,最高级,表示三者或三者以上的比较,，,表示其中一个在某一方面超过其他几个。后面用,in,或,of,短语来说明比较范围,Who/Which,be,the,形容词的最高级,，,A,，,B or C?A,be,(the),形容词的最高级表示范围的短语,(of/in.),Which city is the biggest,，,Shanghai,，,New York or Tokyo,？上海、纽约和东京,，,哪个城市最大？,Jack,is the tallest student in his class.,杰克是班里最高的,学生。,级别,用法,例句,特殊用法,表示,“,越,，,越,”,the,比较级,，,the,比较级,The more we get together,，,the happier we,ll be.,朋友越多,，,我们就越高兴。,表示,“,是,最,之一,”,be,one of,the,形容词比较级可数名词复数,The Yangtze River is one of the longest rivers in the world.,长江是世界上最长的河流之一。,形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义,比较级,than,any other,名词单数,Wang Wei is the tallest student in his class.,Wang Wei is taller than any other student in his class.,Wang Wei is taller than the other students in his class.,王伟是他班里最高的学生。,十年真题,全练,考点,1,形容词词义辨析,近十年来，形容词是安徽中考每年的必考点。考查内容涉及单词辨音、易混形容词词义辨析、形容词语法功能和形容词的比较等级等。命题形式一般为单项填空(12小题)、完形填空(16小题)、单词拼写(12小题)和听力(14小题)。预计2018年，对形容词单词辨音、易混形容词词义辨析、形容词语法功能和形容词的比较等级的考查是重中之重。,1.,2017安徽，40题,My desk mate is really,_A_,.She likes to attend different activities after school.,Aactive Bquiet Clazy Dhonest,2,2016安徽，39题,Don,t hurry him.You will just have to be,_C_,and wait until he finishes the work.,Aactive Bcareful Cpatient Dfamous,3,2015安徽，41题,Now，people have more free time.Square dancing is becoming more and more,D,Acomfortable Bdifficult,Cdifferent Dpopular,4,2014安徽，31题,It is,B,for me to follow the Australian guests because I am good at English.,Abad Beasy Chard Dright,5,2013安徽，41题,What was Jim wearing at the party?,Nothing,A,He was in his usual shirt and jeans.,Aspecial Bsimple,Cimportant Dinteresting,6,2012安徽，38题,You are relaxing yourself here?,Yes.It feels,_A_,to walk slowly along the river.,AfantasticBboring Cstrange Dterrible,7,2011安徽，32题,We felt,B,when Liu Xiang won the first prize again in the race.,Abrave Bproud Csuccessful Dworried,8,2010,安徽，,48,题,Dad,，,it,s such a long way from our home to the park!,You mean it,s,B,to take a taxi?,A,popular,B,necessary,C,possible,D,important,9,2009,安徽，,35,题,Hello,！,Golden Sun Hotel.Can I help you?,Do you have a room,A,for this weekend?,A,available,B,useful C,empty,D,possible,10,2008,安徽，,35,题,I,m really,C,before the competition.,Take it easy.Sure you are the best.,A,cool,B,serious C,nervous,D,patient,11,2017,安徽，,35,题,What do you think of the movie?,Great.I have never seen a,C,one.,A,good,B,bad,C,better,D,worse,12,2016,安徽，,35,题,Mr.Black,s memory is,getting,B,As a result,，,he often leaves his key at home.,A,older,B,poorer,C,greater,D,better,13,2012安徽，32题,We lost the match because they had,D,players.They had eleven and we had only nine.,AstrongerByounger Cfewer Dmore,14,2011安徽，44题,Jack is good at drawing.I think no one draws,_A_,Abetter Bbest Cworse Dworst,15,2008安徽，37题,Jack，how are you feeling today?,Much,A,I think I can go to school tomorrow.,Abetter Bworse Cbrighter Dweaker,考点2,形容词的用法,单词拼写,1,2017安徽，91题,For a w,ise,(明智的)man，a mistake is a lesson.,2,2016安徽，92题,Franc，take off your w,_et_,(湿的)jacket so you don,t catch a cold.,3,2016安徽，95题,I,m s,ure,(确信的)that our dreams will come true through our efforts.,4,2015安徽，91题,It is p,_olite_,(礼貌的)to offer seats to the old on the bus.,5,2015安徽，93题,The newly,-,opened museum is certainly w,_orth_,(值得)a visit.,6,2014安徽，96题,The Internet is becoming a,u,seful,(有用的)tool for students.,7,2014安徽，98题,You are b,rave,(勇敢的)enough to accept such a difficult job.,8,2013安徽，96题,What do you like to do in your f,ree,(空闲的)time?,9,2012安徽，97题,It,s p,olite,(礼貌)to use quiet voices in the library.,10,2011安徽，99题,Linda is a s,_mart_,(聪明)and hardworking student.,11,2010安徽，96题,Do you think this kind of water is s,_afe_,(安全)for drinking?,12,2010安徽，98题,Our teachers are all very,s,trict,(严格)with us students.,13,2009安徽，98题,He seems very s,erious,(严肃的)，but in fact he is very humorous.,14,2008安徽，98题,Today David is a,bsent,(缺席)from school because he is ill.,猜押预测,.选择填空,1You bought the last ticket for the concert.How _you are!,Asweet Blucky Cstrange Dfunny,2Mom，I,m very _for all your love.,Athankful Bcareful Cuseful Dhelpful,3Martha is a _girl.She is always smiles and says hello to others.,Ashy Bfriendly Ccrazy Dhealthy,4The air in the countryside is _So many people from the city go there on weekends.,Asoft Bpretty Cfresh Ddelicious,5Traveling around big cities by taxi can cost a lot of money，but it,s usually _to take the subway to most places.,Aamazing Bexpensive,Cconvenient Dexciting,B,A,B,C,C,6Emma always gets good grades in different exams because she is a_girl.,Ashy Bfriendly,Cpolite Dhard,-,working,7,I,m really_before the exam.,Take it easy.You,re the best.,Asurprised Bnervous,Ccomfortable Dconfident,8Mr.Liu is a really nice person,the _person I know.,Anicer Bnicest,Chappier Dhappiest,9David jumped _in the long jump.He won the game!,Alongest Bfarthest,Cfastest Dhighest,10Sometimes walking is even _than driving during the busy traffic time.,Afast Bfaster Cslow Dslower,D,B,B,B,B,11People who eat a balanced diet should be _ than those who only eat hamburgers.,Aclever Bcleverer,Chealthy Dhealthier,12Eating dumplings at the Spring Festival is _in China.,Apatient Blucky,Cpossible Dtraditional,.单词拼写,根据首字母及汉语提示，完成下列单词的拼写，使句意明确，语言通顺。,1I,m not really h_,_,(饥饿的)I,ll just have an ice cream.,2I,m busy these days.Hanging out with friends is almost i_,_,(不可能的)for me now.,3Blue is a p_,_,(和平的)color.People often feel quiet in blue rooms.,B,D,ungry,mpossible,eaceful,4,“,Be c_,_,(仔细的)not to touch the paintings in the museum，,”,mum said.,5The w_,_,(奇妙的)ocean is the largest habitat in the world.,6Miss Zhou is very popular in our school.She is a s_,_,_(成功的)teacher.,7My friends and I may not have time to chat at school.But we can do it on WeChat.It,s very h_,_,(有益的)to our friendships.,8We believe Sam，because he is an h_,_,_(诚实的)boy.,9My neighbor Helen always talks to me.She is so f_,_,_(友好的),10As we all know，France is a w_,_,_(西方的)country.,areful,onderful,uccessful,elpful,onest,riendly,estern,