初中被动语态讲解..ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2021/10/10,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2021/10/10,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2021/10/10,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2021/10/10,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2021/10/10,*,被动语态,The Passive Voice,Cindy,2021/10/10,1,英语动词有两种语态：,主动语态,(the Active Voice),被动语态,(the Passive Voice),A.,主动语态表示主语是动作的,执行者,。,B.,被动语态表示主语是动作的,承受者,。,We,planted,the tree.,The tree,was planted,by us.,注：后面能接宾语的动词才有被动语态,2021/10/10,2,We,speak,English,.,主语,谓语,宾语,English,is,spoken,by,us,.,主语,谓语,宾语,主动语态,被动语态,They,cleaned,the classroom,yesterday.,昨天他们打扫了教室。,The classroom,was cleaned,by,them,yesterday.,昨天教室被他们打扫了。,2021/10/10,3,1.,一般现在时：,is/am/are+,及物动词的过去分词,2.,一般过去时：,was/were+,及物动词的过去分词,3.,现在,/,过去完成时：,has/have/had,+been+,及物动词的过去分词,4.,一般将来时：,will+be+,及物动词的过去分词,5.,含有情态动词：情态动词,+be+,及物动词的过去分词,6.,现在进行时：,am/is/are+being+,及物动词的过去分词,歌诀：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面,找一找规律,2021/10/10,4,(,一,),被动语态基本用法,:,当句子的,主语,是动作的,执行者,时，谓语的形式是,主动语态,。当句子的主语是动作的,承受者,时，谓语要用,被动语态,。被动语态由助动词,be,+,过去分词,构成，,时态,通过,be,表现出来。,2021/10/10,5,be,+,过去分词,(,二,),被动语态的基本结构,:,有各种时态的变化,2021/10/10,6,1.,规则动词的过去分词：,1),一般情况在动词原形后,加,-ed,watch-watch,ed,2),以不发音,e,结尾的加,-d,practice-practice,d,3),以辅音加,y,结尾的，去,y,变,i,加,-ed,study-stud,ied,4),以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加,-ed,stop-stop,ped,2.,不规则动词的过去分词,：,am,is,are,was,were,been,have,has,had,do,done,write,written,go,gone,动词过去分词的变化,:,2021/10/10,7,1.,Now English _ by more and more people all over the word.,A.,speaks,B.,is spoken,C.,was spoken,一般现在时的被动语态：,主语,+,am,/,is,/,are,+,PP,2021/10/10,8,2.,The lost boy _ at the street corner last night.,A.,was found,B.,is found,C.,was looked for,一般过去时的被动语态：,主语,+,was,/,were,+,PP,2021/10/10,9,3.,More man-made satellites _ in the future.,A.,will send up,B.,will be sent up,C.,are sent up,一般将来时的被动语态：,主语,+,will,+,be,+,PP,主语,+,be going to,+,be,+,PP,2021/10/10,10,4.,Three bridges _ since last year.,A.,have built,B.,were built,C.,have been built,现在完成时的被动语态：,主语,+,have,/,has,+,been,+,PP,2021/10/10,11,5.,Flowers _ every day.,A.,has been watered,B.,should be watered,C.,should water,含有情态动词的被动语态：,情态动词,+,be,+,PP,2021/10/10,12,(,四,),主动语态变被动语态,:,(1),把,原,来的,宾语,提到前面作被动语态的,主语,;,(2),把,谓语动词,变成,被动结构,(,be,过去分词,)(,根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定,be,的形式,),。,(3),把主动语态中的,主语,放在介词,by,之后作,宾语,，将,主格,改为,宾格,。如：,They,make,the bikes,in the factory,.,The bikes,in the factory.,are made,them,by,2021/10/10,13,主变被步骤,:,1.,找宾语,:,即动作的承受者,(,改为主语,),He,washed,his car,yesterday.,His car,3.,判断,新主语,的单复数,:,确定,be,动词的单复数,.,be,4.,判断动词的时态,:,即,be,动词的时态,.,2.,修改谓语的语态,:,即,be,+,原,V,.,过去分词,washed,5.,修改原句的主语,:,即,by+,主语,(,变宾格,).,(by him),yesterday.,is,was,was,2021/10/10,14,1.,Tom,broke,the window,.,The window,2.,She,broke,the windows,.,The windows,3.,He,cleans,the classroom,everyday.,The classroom,was broken,by Tom,.,were broken,by her,.,is cleaned,by him,be,动词的单复数变化,:,everyday.,2021/10/10,15,1.They,will,finish,the work,in ten days.,The work,in ten days.,will be finished,(by them),2.They,are going to have,a show,tomorrow.,A show,is going to be had,(by them),tomorrow.,2021/10/10,16,1.Amy,can take good care of,the cat,The cat,can be taken good care,of,by Amy.,2.They,should sing,some beautiful songs.,Some beautiful songs,by them.,should be sung,2021/10/10,17,(,四,),被动语态的特殊情况,:,1.,在主动语态中,make,let,hear,see,watch,notice,等词,其后跟省略,to,的动词不定式,(,动词原形,),在变为被动语态时,必须,还原动词不定式符号,to,.,如,:,1)We,heard,him,sing,this song in the room.,He,was heard,to sing,this song in the room.,2)The boss,made,him,work,14 hours a day.,He,was made,to work,14 hours a day.,3)I see him,walk,to school.,He,is seen,to walk,to school.,2021/10/10,18,A traffic accident _(happen)just now.,happened,2.,连系动词,（,Link.v.),如：,be,look,seem,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,turn,become,Peking Opera _(sound)beautiful.,sounds,3.,当此动词表示,事物的自然属性,的时候,:,The pen _(write)very fast.,writes,This kind of sweater _(sell)well.,sells,1.,不及物动词,（,vi.),如,:happen,take place,appear,disappear,不用被动语态的动词：,2021/10/10,19,(,表示主语的自然属性特征,),+,副词,(,well/badly/easily/smoothly),常见动词：,read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock,open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,The books _ well,A.were sold B.sell,C.have sold D.are being sold,This kind of cloth _ easily,A.has washed B.was washed,C.washes D.is washed,2021/10/10,20,1.Many accidents_ by careless drivers last year.,A.are caused B.were caused,C.have caused D.will cause,2.An official _ by some reporters on food problems in Shanghai yesterday.,A.is interviewing B.is interviewed,C.was interviewing D.was interviewed,3.Today a lot of information can _ online.,A.receive B.be received C.is received D.receiving,4.Im glad to find that many trees_ in our city last year.,A.plant B.planted C.were planted D.are planted,2021/10/10,21,5.Driving after drinking wine,in China.,A.allows B.doesnt allow,C.is allowed D.isnt allowed,6.Dont worry.Your package,here until you come back,so enjoy shopping here.,A.will keep B.has kept,C.will be kept D.has been kept,7.Its true that Shakespeares play _ by so many people every year.,A.see B.will see C.are seeing D.are seen,2021/10/10,22,Correcting mistake,Correct the mistake(s),in each sentence if any:,1)Two boys hurt while playing a ball,2)The singer lived in London until he,was sending to university,3)How long do you think the meeting,will be lasted?,2021/10/10,23,4)Class is begun at 7:30 every day,5),His plan is sounded good,2021/10/10,24,1.,树要在春天种,;,2.,树坑要挖得够大,但不要太深;,3.,把树放进坑里,扶直;,4.,把泥推回坑里,用脚踩实;,5.,在旁边插一根坚实的长棍子,并且保证棍子插直了;,6.,用绳子,（,rope）,把棍子和树绑起来,7.,浇好水,.,根据提示写一篇以How to Plant a Tree?为题目的短文，要求内容齐全，上下文连贯。尽量使用,被动语态,，,80词左右。,Writing,1.,树要在春天,种,;,2.,树坑要,挖,得,够大,但不要,太深,;,3.,把,树,放进,坑里,扶直,;,4.,把,泥,推回,坑里,用,脚,踩实,;,5.,在旁边,插,一根坚实的长棍子,并且,保证,棍子插,直,了,;,6.,用,绳子（,rope）,把,棍子,和,树,绑起来,7.,浇好水,.,be planted,be dug,big enough,too deep,put into,be kept straight,push back to,push hard with,knock into,be kept straight,be tied to with,be watered well,Trees must be planted in Spring.The hole must be dug large enough but not too deep.Put the tree into the hole and it must be kept straight.Push the earth back to the hole and it must be pushed hard with your feet.Knock a long and strong stick into the earth beside the tree and it must be kept straight.Trees can be tied to the stick with a rope.And they must be watered well.,